Rab Proteins and the Organization of Organelle Membrane Domains
... For example, cargo from the extracellular environment is internalized into early endosomes where it is sorted for recycling to the plasma membrane or degradation in lysosomes. Clearly, such steps need to be coordinated in time and space. The work on Rab GTPases has revealed molecular features and fu ...
... For example, cargo from the extracellular environment is internalized into early endosomes where it is sorted for recycling to the plasma membrane or degradation in lysosomes. Clearly, such steps need to be coordinated in time and space. The work on Rab GTPases has revealed molecular features and fu ...
Intro to Carbon-based Molecules: Organic Chemistry
... make it specific for only one type of substrate (the reactant being catalyzed). Copyright Cmassengale ...
... make it specific for only one type of substrate (the reactant being catalyzed). Copyright Cmassengale ...
Chapter 14 Preparing Semisynthetic and Fully Synthetic Histones
... Chemical ligation is an excellent way to prepare the homogenous samples of precisely modified histone proteins that are necessary to characterize the molecular functions of these modifications within the structured nucleosome core (5). Native chemical ligation (NCL) is the chemoselective condensatio ...
... Chemical ligation is an excellent way to prepare the homogenous samples of precisely modified histone proteins that are necessary to characterize the molecular functions of these modifications within the structured nucleosome core (5). Native chemical ligation (NCL) is the chemoselective condensatio ...
Comparison of good-and bad-quality cork: application of high
... the dominant platform used routinely to analyse transcriptional changes in several species (Busch and Lohmann, 2007; Strable et al., 2008; O’Rourke et al., 2009). However, the new generation of transcriptomic data allows new insights in plant biology and genetics. For a species like Q. suber, for w ...
... the dominant platform used routinely to analyse transcriptional changes in several species (Busch and Lohmann, 2007; Strable et al., 2008; O’Rourke et al., 2009). However, the new generation of transcriptomic data allows new insights in plant biology and genetics. For a species like Q. suber, for w ...
Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of another variant of the
... H.I.8 is a member of the SLTII family. Since SLTIIva shares with SLTIIv the property of having low cytotoxicity to HeLa cells compared with Vero cells, it is appropriateto consider both toxins as variants of SLTII. SLTIIva M e r s from SLTIIv in that it is more heat-stable. Further, SLTIIv-producing ...
... H.I.8 is a member of the SLTII family. Since SLTIIva shares with SLTIIv the property of having low cytotoxicity to HeLa cells compared with Vero cells, it is appropriateto consider both toxins as variants of SLTII. SLTIIva M e r s from SLTIIv in that it is more heat-stable. Further, SLTIIv-producing ...
An Investigation into the Minimum Requirements for
... protease trypsin (His 57, Asp 102, Ser 195) has been mutated to discover a minimal basis for peptidase function. This strategy is similar in its goals to the minimialist approach to protein engineering9 in that it seeks to simplify the initial basis for catalyst design. Trypsin was chosen as a targe ...
... protease trypsin (His 57, Asp 102, Ser 195) has been mutated to discover a minimal basis for peptidase function. This strategy is similar in its goals to the minimialist approach to protein engineering9 in that it seeks to simplify the initial basis for catalyst design. Trypsin was chosen as a targe ...
Chapter 5 - Biology Junction
... The Synthesis and Breakdown of Polymers • A condensation reaction or more specifically a dehydration reaction occurs when two monomers bond together through the loss of a water molecule • Enzymes are macromolecules that speed up the dehydration process • Polymers are disassembled to monomers by hyd ...
... The Synthesis and Breakdown of Polymers • A condensation reaction or more specifically a dehydration reaction occurs when two monomers bond together through the loss of a water molecule • Enzymes are macromolecules that speed up the dehydration process • Polymers are disassembled to monomers by hyd ...
Word Pro - Sezutsu.lwp
... Type 1 repeat are replaced by Ser and Leu and an additional Leu doublet is inserted into the Type 1 repeat of Rff. The diversification of Rff from the Antheraea fibroins is apparently associated with a tendency to exclude alanine residues from the NPABs. In the other Saturniidae species, it is repor ...
... Type 1 repeat are replaced by Ser and Leu and an additional Leu doublet is inserted into the Type 1 repeat of Rff. The diversification of Rff from the Antheraea fibroins is apparently associated with a tendency to exclude alanine residues from the NPABs. In the other Saturniidae species, it is repor ...
Modulating the cobalt redox potential through imidazole hydrogen
... the cofactor is replaced by a protein histidine (“His”) anchoring group (“His-on” conguration). This mode of protein-cofactor binding is shown in Fig. 1 (ref. 10) and encountered, amongst others, in MeCbl-dependent methionine synthase (MetH) as well as AdoCbl dependent methylmalonyl CoA mutase (MCM ...
... the cofactor is replaced by a protein histidine (“His”) anchoring group (“His-on” conguration). This mode of protein-cofactor binding is shown in Fig. 1 (ref. 10) and encountered, amongst others, in MeCbl-dependent methionine synthase (MetH) as well as AdoCbl dependent methylmalonyl CoA mutase (MCM ...
Journal of Molecular Biology
... substrate binding were selected on the basis of the E$S model and subsequently subjected to extensive mutational analysis15,16 allowing the assignment of individual enzyme–substrate interactions within particular subsites. We report here the structure of an enzyme–ligand complex solved by X-ray crys ...
... substrate binding were selected on the basis of the E$S model and subsequently subjected to extensive mutational analysis15,16 allowing the assignment of individual enzyme–substrate interactions within particular subsites. We report here the structure of an enzyme–ligand complex solved by X-ray crys ...
2 Identifying Conserved Elements in the Toxin Sensor and
... Before we identify conserved sequence elements and design mutants let us review a few things about nucleic acids. Nucleic acids are macromolecules that contain a chain of nucleotides connected by covalent bonds (phosphodiester bonds). Most nucleic acids contain all four nucleotides: adenine (A), thy ...
... Before we identify conserved sequence elements and design mutants let us review a few things about nucleic acids. Nucleic acids are macromolecules that contain a chain of nucleotides connected by covalent bonds (phosphodiester bonds). Most nucleic acids contain all four nucleotides: adenine (A), thy ...
Chapter 5
... The Synthesis and Breakdown of Polymers • A condensation reaction or more specifically a dehydration reaction occurs when two monomers bond together through the loss of a water molecule • Enzymes are macromolecules that speed up the dehydration process • Polymers are disassembled to monomers by hyd ...
... The Synthesis and Breakdown of Polymers • A condensation reaction or more specifically a dehydration reaction occurs when two monomers bond together through the loss of a water molecule • Enzymes are macromolecules that speed up the dehydration process • Polymers are disassembled to monomers by hyd ...
Tetrahymena Contain Two Distinct and Unusual High Mobility Group
... LG-1, and LG-2, these proteins were excised from one-dimensional SDS gels and subjected to partial proteolytic mapping with V8 protease (see Materials and Methods). As can be seen from Fig. 2, the V8 peptide map of HI (lanes 1-4) is significantly different from that of LG-2 (lanes 5-8) and LG-1 (lan ...
... LG-1, and LG-2, these proteins were excised from one-dimensional SDS gels and subjected to partial proteolytic mapping with V8 protease (see Materials and Methods). As can be seen from Fig. 2, the V8 peptide map of HI (lanes 1-4) is significantly different from that of LG-2 (lanes 5-8) and LG-1 (lan ...
Isolation and Characterization of Rice MADS Box Gene
... might be related to depressed palea-1 (dp-1),32 and did more precise mapping to determine the loci of dp-1 and C1032. Genomic DNA from 90 F 2 plants with dp-1 was prepared, and the polymorphism in the dp-1 phenotype was analyzed by using 3'-specific probes from C1032. However, dp-1 segregated from C ...
... might be related to depressed palea-1 (dp-1),32 and did more precise mapping to determine the loci of dp-1 and C1032. Genomic DNA from 90 F 2 plants with dp-1 was prepared, and the polymorphism in the dp-1 phenotype was analyzed by using 3'-specific probes from C1032. However, dp-1 segregated from C ...
NRT2 - Clark University
... H.velutipes clade has, in fact, been demonstrated (Aanen, 2001). ∆ Problems with these hypotheses include the likelihood of these events being of some debate, and also the lack of additional corroborative molecular evidence such as additional ITS sequences in H. helodes. These are not necessarily fa ...
... H.velutipes clade has, in fact, been demonstrated (Aanen, 2001). ∆ Problems with these hypotheses include the likelihood of these events being of some debate, and also the lack of additional corroborative molecular evidence such as additional ITS sequences in H. helodes. These are not necessarily fa ...
Rhizobium
... The addition of SE of either control or gamma irradiated soybean seeds enhanced Rhizobium CFU than RE. SE of gamma irradiated seeds up to 50 Gy significantly increased Rhizobium CFU while 200 Gy caused non-significant decrease in the CFU relative to control. On the other hand, RE released from gamma ...
... The addition of SE of either control or gamma irradiated soybean seeds enhanced Rhizobium CFU than RE. SE of gamma irradiated seeds up to 50 Gy significantly increased Rhizobium CFU while 200 Gy caused non-significant decrease in the CFU relative to control. On the other hand, RE released from gamma ...
Key Residues Controlling Binding of Diverse Ligands to Human
... and truncated enzymes and differences in the requirement for lipid, direct comparisons of activity rates are difficult, but similar activities and binding have been reported (Wester et al., 2004; Yano et al., 2004). Use of the truncated versions allows a far greater yield of protein than could be at ...
... and truncated enzymes and differences in the requirement for lipid, direct comparisons of activity rates are difficult, but similar activities and binding have been reported (Wester et al., 2004; Yano et al., 2004). Use of the truncated versions allows a far greater yield of protein than could be at ...
Prokaryotic proteins of antioxidant defense in Trichomonas vaginalis
... Oxygen has a unique molecular structure with unique electron configuration resulting from two unpaired electrons in ground state of O2 molecule (triplet oxygen). It readily accepts electrons generated by normal oxidative metabolism of the cell. Processes causing uncoupling of electron transport can ...
... Oxygen has a unique molecular structure with unique electron configuration resulting from two unpaired electrons in ground state of O2 molecule (triplet oxygen). It readily accepts electrons generated by normal oxidative metabolism of the cell. Processes causing uncoupling of electron transport can ...
SAMHD1 is a single-stranded nucleic acid
... chemistry (7,12). This approach requires careful and simultaneous measurement of both activities using the same enzyme fractions obtained after each chromatographic step, which should ideally use distinct separation modalities (Figure 1A). To facilitate the nickel affinity chromatography step, we em ...
... chemistry (7,12). This approach requires careful and simultaneous measurement of both activities using the same enzyme fractions obtained after each chromatographic step, which should ideally use distinct separation modalities (Figure 1A). To facilitate the nickel affinity chromatography step, we em ...
The Amino Acid Sequences of Cytochrome c from Four Plant Sources
... (Ac) blocking group was identified as the 1-acetyl-2-dansyl-hydrazide. Any one of the lysine residues shown may be an arginine residue, or an arginine residue may be missing (see the text). ...
... (Ac) blocking group was identified as the 1-acetyl-2-dansyl-hydrazide. Any one of the lysine residues shown may be an arginine residue, or an arginine residue may be missing (see the text). ...
Understanding the acetylome: translating targeted
... interaction and the consequence of this adaptive response in metabolic regulation. However, as with any study utilizing reductionist approaches, it was still unclear whether acetylation could command such a dramatic level of regulation in higher organisms in which substrate partitioning has a vastly ...
... interaction and the consequence of this adaptive response in metabolic regulation. However, as with any study utilizing reductionist approaches, it was still unclear whether acetylation could command such a dramatic level of regulation in higher organisms in which substrate partitioning has a vastly ...
Comparative genomics of unintrogressed Campylobacter coli clades 2 and 3
... apparent linkage, whereas C. coli clusters into three distinct phylogenetic groups (clades) of which clade 1 has shown extensive genome-wide introgression with C. jejuni, yet the other two clades (2 and 3) have less than 2% of C. jejuni ancestry. We characterized a C. coli strain (76339) with four n ...
... apparent linkage, whereas C. coli clusters into three distinct phylogenetic groups (clades) of which clade 1 has shown extensive genome-wide introgression with C. jejuni, yet the other two clades (2 and 3) have less than 2% of C. jejuni ancestry. We characterized a C. coli strain (76339) with four n ...
Two-hybrid screening
Two-hybrid screening (also known as yeast two-hybrid system or Y2H) is a molecular biology technique used to discover protein–protein interactions (PPIs) and protein–DNA interactions by testing for physical interactions (such as binding) between two proteins or a single protein and a DNA molecule, respectively.The premise behind the test is the activation of downstream reporter gene(s) by the binding of a transcription factor onto an upstream activating sequence (UAS). For two-hybrid screening, the transcription factor is split into two separate fragments, called the binding domain (BD) and activating domain (AD). The BD is the domain responsible for binding to the UAS and the AD is the domain responsible for the activation of transcription. The Y2H is thus a protein-fragment complementation assay.