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1 - Bulldogbiology.com
1 - Bulldogbiology.com

... i. Substrates are catalyzed by specific enzymes referred to as substrate specificity. Bind to the active site on the enzyme Active sites and substrates have complementary shapes i. Factors such as pH and temperature have effects on enzymes pH- most enzymes work best in a pH between 6 and 8 a. high H ...
Signal Transduction
Signal Transduction

...  All the cells of their different organs communicating effectively with their surroundings.  Once a cell picks up a hormonal or sensory signal, it must transmit this information from the surface to the interior parts of the cell— Example, to the nucleus.  This occurs via signal transduction pathw ...
Protein structure visualization and analysis
Protein structure visualization and analysis

Full size lecture slides (PDF file, 660 kB)
Full size lecture slides (PDF file, 660 kB)

... proteins, or crossing through the cell membrane ...
Ch 5
Ch 5

... mRNA attaches to the ribosome. Amino acids are transported to the mRNA by transfer RNA (tRNA). mRNA has codons – a sequence of 3 nucleotides that codes for an amino acid. tRNA has anticodons that are complementary to mRNA’s codons. AUG is the universal ‘start’ codon that tells the ribosome to start ...
mass
mass

... ...proteins are cleaved in a sequence specific manner, – thus, each protein in a proteome has a unique peptide mass subset, • these subsets can be computationally derived from protein databases, and translated genomic DNA sequences, • experimentally determined unknowns can be compared, via computers ...
Chapter 3 Microbiology Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and
Chapter 3 Microbiology Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and

... 1) These proteins are anchored to the cytoplasmic membrane 4) Translocase protein (special class) a) Exports proteins & can also insert proteins into cell membrane in the correct orientation. Sec (secretory)YEG protein Proteins exported like amylase and ...
Product Information Sheet - Sigma
Product Information Sheet - Sigma

... page 2 for a partial reference list. Acrylamide has a tendency to hydrolyze under acidic or basic conditions to form acrylic acid. Acrylic acid and any ionic impurities in the acrylamide can have significant effects on the performance of the PAGE gel formed, since the voltage across the gel is affec ...
The Automation of Protein Expression
The Automation of Protein Expression

... expression possibilities in parallel. However, this approach is not without its own difficulties. Even with a single target sequence, the management of multiple combinations of constructs, vectors, hosts, conditions and so on quickly presents sample management and tracking problems. Furthermore, und ...
Bending membranes
Bending membranes

... Developmental studies also show a regulatory rather than an initiating role for these F-BAR proteins11. As the work of Dannhauser and Ungewickell8 illustrates, assembly of curved coats with a defined shape, along with a set of connections between the coat assembly units and the membrane, provides a ...
Extrapolating Anfinsen`s conclusions…
Extrapolating Anfinsen`s conclusions…

... The zinc finger is a module, a eukaryotic DNA binding motif, consisting typically of 2 Cys residues separated by a pair of residues, then 12 residues followed by a His, 3 residues and another His. This (Cys-x2-Cys-x12-His-x3-His) motif can be repeated between 2 and 60 times. A Zn2+ ion is coordinate ...
Cysteine-mutated FXYD proteins enhance the anti
Cysteine-mutated FXYD proteins enhance the anti

... detected by ELISA. S-glutathionylation of erythrocytes was significantly increased in DM patients compared to Normal .) ...
Chemistry of Life - El Camino College
Chemistry of Life - El Camino College

... A protein’s shape is sensitive to changes in its surroundings Changes in temperature, salt or acid concentration can lead to denaturation ...
Rabbit (polyclonal) Anti-Mouse BID Cleavage Site (59/60) Specific
Rabbit (polyclonal) Anti-Mouse BID Cleavage Site (59/60) Specific

... Extracts of 3T3-L1 cells without added BID (lane 1), with caspase-8 cleaved recombinant mouse BID (lane 2), or with caspase-8 cleaved recombinant human BID (lane 3) were resolved by SDS-PAGE on a 4-20% Tris-glycine gel and transferred to PVDF. The membrane was blocked with a 5% BSA-TBST buffer for o ...
Proteins and amino acids
Proteins and amino acids

... Structure and function – Active sites  Active site: amino acids in this site have an ...
Document
Document

... In general, plants are relatively poor sources of protein. Animal foods (beef, poultry, seafood, dairy products, eggs) provide our best source for protein. Complementary proteins can be obtained by a varied diet. (These are proteins that individually are incomplete or low quality but when taken toge ...
Atomic-Level Mapping of Antibody Epitopes by
Atomic-Level Mapping of Antibody Epitopes by

... Shotgun Mutagenesis uses a proprietary high-throughput cell expression technology that enables the expression and analysis of large libraries of mutated target proteins within eukaryotic cells. Every residue in a protein is mutated, usually multiple times, in order to assay changes in function. Enti ...
Proteomics identification and annotation of proteins of a cell line of
Proteomics identification and annotation of proteins of a cell line of

... discarded. The pellet was allowed to air-dry for 5 min before the addition of SDS/PAGE loading buffer (0.06 M Tris/HCl, 2% SDS, 5% 2-mercaptoethanol and 0.01% Bromophenol Blue). ...
Introduction to flaviviral envelope glycoprotein E
Introduction to flaviviral envelope glycoprotein E

... flaviviral envelope glycoproteins, in particular of the factors that trigger the conformational change, would be an important step towards finding ways to manipulate this critical step in the infection process, e.g. in the design of an anti-flaviviral drug. From X-ray crystallographic and cryo-elect ...
Biology 212 General Genetics
Biology 212 General Genetics

...  Can lead to mental retardation if not treated from birth  Treat by placing babies on diet low in phenylalanine  Screening with routine blood test just after birth  1/8000 among Caucasians in U.S., therefore relatively common Defects in other enzymes of this pathway lead to other diseases. 3. DN ...
Biochem notes
Biochem notes

...  Unique sequence of amino acids  For any protein to perform its specific function, it must have the correct collection of amino acids arranged in a precise order. ...
Small-scale platform for high-throughput identification of proteins
Small-scale platform for high-throughput identification of proteins

... were amplified using PCR and inserted at the C-terminal end of this (His)ntag-MBP-TEV cassette fusion using a novel site specific recombination methodology. The architecture of this expression plasmid allows for flexibility in manipulating any future design modifications of the plasmid. For example, ...
PP076 Allergenicity assessment strategy for novel food proteins and
PP076 Allergenicity assessment strategy for novel food proteins and

... Aim: Development of an allergenicity assessment strategy for novel proteins and protein sources. Methods: Previously published literature on allergenicity risk assessment, EFSA opinions on novel foods and the use of the “weight-of-evidence approach” for food derived from GM plants were consulted. Re ...
MODERN METHODS in BIOCHEMISTRY
MODERN METHODS in BIOCHEMISTRY

... • easily accomplished by using methionine-free or phosphatefree medium and 10% undialyzed serum (which can be assumed to contain the same concentration of methionine or phosphate as normal medium). ...
G Protein
G Protein

... molecular switch that is either on or off, depending on which of two guanine is attached, GDP or GTP- hence the term G protein. When GTP is bound to the G protein, as shown above, the G protein is inactive. The receptor and G Protein work together with another protein, usually an enzyme. ...
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Western blot



The western blot (sometimes called the protein immunoblot) is a widely used analytical technique used to detect specific proteins in a sample of tissue homogenate or extract. It uses gel electrophoresis to separate native proteins by 3-D structure or denatured proteins by the length of the polypeptide. The proteins are then transferred to a membrane (typically nitrocellulose or PVDF), where they are stained with antibodies specific to the target protein. The gel electrophoresis step is included in western blot analysis to resolve the issue of the cross-reactivity of antibodies.There are many reagent companies that specialize in providing antibodies (both monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies) against tens of thousands of different proteins. Commercial antibodies can be expensive, although the unbound antibody can be reused between experiments. This method is used in the fields of molecular biology, immunogenetics and other molecular biology disciplines. A number of search engines, such as CiteAb, Antibodypedia, and SeekProducts, are available that can help researchers find suitable antibodies for use in western blotting.Other related techniques include dot blot analysis, immunohistochemistry and immunocytochemistry where antibodies are used to detect proteins in tissues and cells by immunostaining, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The method originated in the laboratory of Harry Towbin at the Friedrich Miescher Institute. The name western blot was given to the technique by W. Neal Burnette and is a play on the name Southern blot, a technique for DNA detection developed earlier by Edwin Southern. Detection of RNA is termed northern blot and was developed by George Stark at Stanford.
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