Biotechnology and Bioengineering
... and a 957 bp DNA fragment that includes the SalI restriction site downstream of codon F176 was amplified using primers F176-front and ToMO-SalI-rear (Table I). Similarly, to perform saturation mutagenesis at TouA position F196, a 763 bp DNA fragment was amplified using primers ToMO-KpnI-front and F1 ...
... and a 957 bp DNA fragment that includes the SalI restriction site downstream of codon F176 was amplified using primers F176-front and ToMO-SalI-rear (Table I). Similarly, to perform saturation mutagenesis at TouA position F196, a 763 bp DNA fragment was amplified using primers ToMO-KpnI-front and F1 ...
8)Discuss the roles of cofactors and coenzymes in enzyme activity.
... 8)Discuss the roles of cofactors and coenzymes in enzyme activity. Cofactors and Coenzymes: Many enzymes posses prosthetic groups that are non-amino acid in their nature. Prosthetic group is name reserved for a permanently attached cofactor or coenzyme group.Those conjugated proteins (apoenzyme and ...
... 8)Discuss the roles of cofactors and coenzymes in enzyme activity. Cofactors and Coenzymes: Many enzymes posses prosthetic groups that are non-amino acid in their nature. Prosthetic group is name reserved for a permanently attached cofactor or coenzyme group.Those conjugated proteins (apoenzyme and ...
By-product Utilization in Potato
... (Hordeum vulgare L.) grain and it does not have any negative effects on growth of beef cattle or meat quality, and the diets containing up to 80% PPW increased efficiency of animal growth per unit diet intake End ...
... (Hordeum vulgare L.) grain and it does not have any negative effects on growth of beef cattle or meat quality, and the diets containing up to 80% PPW increased efficiency of animal growth per unit diet intake End ...
The Organellar Genome and Metabolic Potential
... N. ovalis provides an interesting link. Nyctotherus ovalis is an anaerobic ciliate that lives in the hindgut of various cockroach species. It has numerous hydrogen-producing organelles that are intimately associated with endosymbiotic methane–producing archaea that use the hydrogen produced by the o ...
... N. ovalis provides an interesting link. Nyctotherus ovalis is an anaerobic ciliate that lives in the hindgut of various cockroach species. It has numerous hydrogen-producing organelles that are intimately associated with endosymbiotic methane–producing archaea that use the hydrogen produced by the o ...
ISH ISH ISH ISH ISH
... Multiple labeling and detection – Combinations of DIG, biotin and fluorochromelabled probes makes it possible to do multiple ISH or ISH combined with immunohisto-chemistry – Utilizes different fluorochromes: FITC –TRITCAMCA ...
... Multiple labeling and detection – Combinations of DIG, biotin and fluorochromelabled probes makes it possible to do multiple ISH or ISH combined with immunohisto-chemistry – Utilizes different fluorochromes: FITC –TRITCAMCA ...
RELIC – A bioinformatics server for combinatorial
... of the small molecule binding motifs and is highly predictive for binding of nucleotide triphosphates, many ATPbinding sites do not in fact contain a p-loop motif. Threedimensional information from crystallographic structures provides a strong basis for prediction of ligand binding which, when combi ...
... of the small molecule binding motifs and is highly predictive for binding of nucleotide triphosphates, many ATPbinding sites do not in fact contain a p-loop motif. Threedimensional information from crystallographic structures provides a strong basis for prediction of ligand binding which, when combi ...
The Platform Protein Is Essential for Type IV Pilus
... Western Blot Analysis—Whole cell lysate samples were separated on 15% SDS-polyacrylamide gels at 80 –120 V. Samples were transferred to nitrocellulose membranes at 225 mA for 1 h. The membranes were blocked in 5% (w/v) skim milk in 1⫻ PBS (pH 7.0) for 1 h, followed by incubation in rabbit antisera s ...
... Western Blot Analysis—Whole cell lysate samples were separated on 15% SDS-polyacrylamide gels at 80 –120 V. Samples were transferred to nitrocellulose membranes at 225 mA for 1 h. The membranes were blocked in 5% (w/v) skim milk in 1⫻ PBS (pH 7.0) for 1 h, followed by incubation in rabbit antisera s ...
Enzymatic Synthesis of Arginine Phosphate with Coupled ATP
... (10, 11). The overall rate of reaction is necessarily slow as the concentration of ArgP increases and ArgK becomes subject to product inhibition. As the reaction slows, the spontaneous hydrolysis of AcP to acetate and phosphate becomes increasingly important. Acetate kinase is itself subject to inhi ...
... (10, 11). The overall rate of reaction is necessarily slow as the concentration of ArgP increases and ArgK becomes subject to product inhibition. As the reaction slows, the spontaneous hydrolysis of AcP to acetate and phosphate becomes increasingly important. Acetate kinase is itself subject to inhi ...
Enzyme promiscuity: evolutionary and mechanistic aspects
... The hydrolysis of lactones is mediated by a His115–His134 dyad, which deprotonates a water molecule to generate the attacking hydroxide. Although the same dyad appears to mediate the promiscuous arylesterase activity of PON1, the promiscuous phosphotriesterase activity (shown here for paraoxon) appe ...
... The hydrolysis of lactones is mediated by a His115–His134 dyad, which deprotonates a water molecule to generate the attacking hydroxide. Although the same dyad appears to mediate the promiscuous arylesterase activity of PON1, the promiscuous phosphotriesterase activity (shown here for paraoxon) appe ...
Post-transcriptional regulation of auxin transport proteins: cellular
... effects of the artificial auxin 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) are associated with its accumulation in the endoplasmic reticulum (Dharmasiri et al., 2006). As compared to IAA, 2,4-D is poorly transported by efflux carrier proteins, one of the uncharacterized PIN transporters, such as PIN5 or ...
... effects of the artificial auxin 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) are associated with its accumulation in the endoplasmic reticulum (Dharmasiri et al., 2006). As compared to IAA, 2,4-D is poorly transported by efflux carrier proteins, one of the uncharacterized PIN transporters, such as PIN5 or ...
Pyruvic Acid and Formic Acid Metabolism in Sarcina
... Eflect ofpH. The optimum pH for evolution of hydrogen from pyruvate was 6.8 (Fig. I). Role of ferredoxin in hydrogen production from formate. When extracts of Sarcina ventriculi which evolved equimolar amounts of H2 and COz from formate were treated anaerobically with DEAE-cellulose to remove the fe ...
... Eflect ofpH. The optimum pH for evolution of hydrogen from pyruvate was 6.8 (Fig. I). Role of ferredoxin in hydrogen production from formate. When extracts of Sarcina ventriculi which evolved equimolar amounts of H2 and COz from formate were treated anaerobically with DEAE-cellulose to remove the fe ...
Electron tomography of plant thylakoid membranes
... 1999). For conventional ET, samples are embedded in plastic and sectioned by ultramicrotomy. Although this yields highcontrast images of gross cellular features including membranes, molecular detail is lost. To obtain tomograms of 4– 5nm resolution (Leis et al., 2009), the sample has to be vitrified ...
... 1999). For conventional ET, samples are embedded in plastic and sectioned by ultramicrotomy. Although this yields highcontrast images of gross cellular features including membranes, molecular detail is lost. To obtain tomograms of 4– 5nm resolution (Leis et al., 2009), the sample has to be vitrified ...
1 Causality, Transfer Entropy and Allosteric
... Transfer of entropy from one subsystem of a protein to another is now becoming a subject of interest because of its relation to information flow and allosteric communication. Allosteric communication is the process in which action at one site of a protein is transmitted to another site at which the ...
... Transfer of entropy from one subsystem of a protein to another is now becoming a subject of interest because of its relation to information flow and allosteric communication. Allosteric communication is the process in which action at one site of a protein is transmitted to another site at which the ...
Full-Text PDF
... desensitization has been suggested to involve the direct activation of MLCP by PKG (and/or PKA). Later studies identified the major sites phosphorylated on MYPT1 by PKA and PKG [97] and found that phosphorylation of Ser-696 by PKG could prevent the subsequent phosphorylation of Thr-697 by ZIPK and t ...
... desensitization has been suggested to involve the direct activation of MLCP by PKG (and/or PKA). Later studies identified the major sites phosphorylated on MYPT1 by PKA and PKG [97] and found that phosphorylation of Ser-696 by PKG could prevent the subsequent phosphorylation of Thr-697 by ZIPK and t ...
to the PDF file. - CURVE
... protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis, has created a need for the development of therapeutics with a different mode of action. Trifluoromethionine (TFM) has been proposed as a potential novel antiinfective prodrug that is activated by the enzyme methionine γ-lyase (MGL), which is present in T. vaginalis b ...
... protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis, has created a need for the development of therapeutics with a different mode of action. Trifluoromethionine (TFM) has been proposed as a potential novel antiinfective prodrug that is activated by the enzyme methionine γ-lyase (MGL), which is present in T. vaginalis b ...
Carbohydrate Biosensors
... has been used in a somewhat broader sense, including systems that can be characterized as biochemical “assays”. Because of space and scope considerations, we have not provided here a complete description of all biological assays in which carbohydrates have been directly or indirectly involved; we ha ...
... has been used in a somewhat broader sense, including systems that can be characterized as biochemical “assays”. Because of space and scope considerations, we have not provided here a complete description of all biological assays in which carbohydrates have been directly or indirectly involved; we ha ...
Active site mapping, biochemical properties and
... inhibitors. To support this effort and further characterize the enzyme, we expressed and purified rhodesain, the target protease of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (MVAT4 strain), in reagent quantities from Pichia pastoris. Rhodesain was secreted as an active, mature protease. Site-directed mutagenes ...
... inhibitors. To support this effort and further characterize the enzyme, we expressed and purified rhodesain, the target protease of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (MVAT4 strain), in reagent quantities from Pichia pastoris. Rhodesain was secreted as an active, mature protease. Site-directed mutagenes ...
EFFECT OF COOKING AND ROASTING ON THE AMINO ACID
... varieties and runner varieties in this group are capable of giving good yields but the erects are handled more easily with machines. Nearly all the crop grown in Nigeria is of this long season type. The long season runner variety was used for these experiments [Phillips 1977]. Collection of samples. ...
... varieties and runner varieties in this group are capable of giving good yields but the erects are handled more easily with machines. Nearly all the crop grown in Nigeria is of this long season type. The long season runner variety was used for these experiments [Phillips 1977]. Collection of samples. ...
Enzyme
... a) an inhibition is competitive if an inhibitor competes with a substrate to be bound into an active site of an enzyme b) a noncompetitive inhibition can be decreased by an increasing of a substrate concentration c) competitive inhibitors have very often a similar structure as a substrate d) noncomp ...
... a) an inhibition is competitive if an inhibitor competes with a substrate to be bound into an active site of an enzyme b) a noncompetitive inhibition can be decreased by an increasing of a substrate concentration c) competitive inhibitors have very often a similar structure as a substrate d) noncomp ...
Western blot
The western blot (sometimes called the protein immunoblot) is a widely used analytical technique used to detect specific proteins in a sample of tissue homogenate or extract. It uses gel electrophoresis to separate native proteins by 3-D structure or denatured proteins by the length of the polypeptide. The proteins are then transferred to a membrane (typically nitrocellulose or PVDF), where they are stained with antibodies specific to the target protein. The gel electrophoresis step is included in western blot analysis to resolve the issue of the cross-reactivity of antibodies.There are many reagent companies that specialize in providing antibodies (both monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies) against tens of thousands of different proteins. Commercial antibodies can be expensive, although the unbound antibody can be reused between experiments. This method is used in the fields of molecular biology, immunogenetics and other molecular biology disciplines. A number of search engines, such as CiteAb, Antibodypedia, and SeekProducts, are available that can help researchers find suitable antibodies for use in western blotting.Other related techniques include dot blot analysis, immunohistochemistry and immunocytochemistry where antibodies are used to detect proteins in tissues and cells by immunostaining, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The method originated in the laboratory of Harry Towbin at the Friedrich Miescher Institute. The name western blot was given to the technique by W. Neal Burnette and is a play on the name Southern blot, a technique for DNA detection developed earlier by Edwin Southern. Detection of RNA is termed northern blot and was developed by George Stark at Stanford.