UNDERSTANDING PKU What is PKU? Phenylketonuria, or PKU
... Are people with PKU allergic to protein? No, people with PKU are not allergic to protein. Remember that there are 20 building blocks of protein. We need to get all 20 to keep our bodies working right. People with PKU still need protein, but can only tolerate small amounts of one of protein’s buildi ...
... Are people with PKU allergic to protein? No, people with PKU are not allergic to protein. Remember that there are 20 building blocks of protein. We need to get all 20 to keep our bodies working right. People with PKU still need protein, but can only tolerate small amounts of one of protein’s buildi ...
Network Regulation of the Escherichia coli Maltose System
... activator which, together with the inducer maltotriose and ATP, is essential for mal gene transcription. Network regulation in this system affects the function of MalT and occurs on two levels. The first concerns the expression of malT. It has long been known that malT is under catabolite repression ...
... activator which, together with the inducer maltotriose and ATP, is essential for mal gene transcription. Network regulation in this system affects the function of MalT and occurs on two levels. The first concerns the expression of malT. It has long been known that malT is under catabolite repression ...
MyRIP, a novel Rab effector, enables myosin VIIa recruitment to
... Fig. 1. MyRIP, a novel Rab effector that binds to myosin VIIa. (A) Structure of the MyRIP predicted protein. The N-terminal FYVE domain (Rab-binding domain) and the region corresponding to the A7 prey (i.e. binding to myosin VIIa) are indicated. (B) Clustal W sequence alignment of the FYVE domains o ...
... Fig. 1. MyRIP, a novel Rab effector that binds to myosin VIIa. (A) Structure of the MyRIP predicted protein. The N-terminal FYVE domain (Rab-binding domain) and the region corresponding to the A7 prey (i.e. binding to myosin VIIa) are indicated. (B) Clustal W sequence alignment of the FYVE domains o ...
Protein tyrosine phosphorylation in plants: more
... assignment relatively easy. In line with this, most of the phosphosite assignments of the singly phosphorylated, pTyr-containing peptides were evaluated to be correct. By contrast, ambiguous or potential mis-assignments were found in many of the multiply phosphorylated peptides that, in addition to ...
... assignment relatively easy. In line with this, most of the phosphosite assignments of the singly phosphorylated, pTyr-containing peptides were evaluated to be correct. By contrast, ambiguous or potential mis-assignments were found in many of the multiply phosphorylated peptides that, in addition to ...
Chapter 6 Pichia pastoris
... for post-translational modifications (glycosylation, proline cis / trans isomerisation, disulphide isomerisation, lipidation, phosphorylation, etc.). E. coli is therefore not suitable for the expression of eukaryotic derived-proteins with a high demand for disulphide bonding and other types of post- ...
... for post-translational modifications (glycosylation, proline cis / trans isomerisation, disulphide isomerisation, lipidation, phosphorylation, etc.). E. coli is therefore not suitable for the expression of eukaryotic derived-proteins with a high demand for disulphide bonding and other types of post- ...
msb200922-sup
... are given in Supp. Table 2). Metabolites marked in green participate in other reactions that are not presented here, for simplicity. Tyrosinemia type III, Alkaptonuria, and Tyrosinemia type I are caused by dysfunctional HPD, HGD, and FAH, respectively. As shown, tyrosine can be degraded via 5 differ ...
... are given in Supp. Table 2). Metabolites marked in green participate in other reactions that are not presented here, for simplicity. Tyrosinemia type III, Alkaptonuria, and Tyrosinemia type I are caused by dysfunctional HPD, HGD, and FAH, respectively. As shown, tyrosine can be degraded via 5 differ ...
Protein-RNA interactions: Structural analysis and functional classes
... where ASAAAj(i) is the contribution of amino acid j, in Å2, to the RNA binding site; ASA(i) represents the total ASA of the RNA binding site (Å2); ASAAAj(s) is the contribution to the surface of the protein made by amino acid j excluding the binding site; and ASA(s) is the total ASA of the protein ...
... where ASAAAj(i) is the contribution of amino acid j, in Å2, to the RNA binding site; ASA(i) represents the total ASA of the RNA binding site (Å2); ASAAAj(s) is the contribution to the surface of the protein made by amino acid j excluding the binding site; and ASA(s) is the total ASA of the protein ...
An Engineered Aryl Azide Ligase for Site-Specific
... with either E2p (a hybrid lipoyl domain derived from one of LplA=s natural protein substrates[22]) or LAP–HP1 fusion[23] as the protein substrate, we tested the ability of wild-type LplA to utilize probes 1 and 2. No product conjugate was detected in the reactions with either probe (data not shown). ...
... with either E2p (a hybrid lipoyl domain derived from one of LplA=s natural protein substrates[22]) or LAP–HP1 fusion[23] as the protein substrate, we tested the ability of wild-type LplA to utilize probes 1 and 2. No product conjugate was detected in the reactions with either probe (data not shown). ...
Cell Differentiation during Sexual Development of the Fungus
... bodies. Here, we describe the isolation and characterization of the Sordaria macrospora developmental mutant per5, which exhibits a sterile phenotype with defects in fruiting body maturation. Cytological investigations revealed that the mutant strain forms only ascus precursors without any mature sp ...
... bodies. Here, we describe the isolation and characterization of the Sordaria macrospora developmental mutant per5, which exhibits a sterile phenotype with defects in fruiting body maturation. Cytological investigations revealed that the mutant strain forms only ascus precursors without any mature sp ...
Systematic Structure-Function Analysis of the Small GTPase Arf1 in Yeast.
... Harter, 1999). For Arf proteins, the coupling of protein binding to membrane association is thought to occur via extrusion of the unique myristoylated N terminus upon GTP binding (Antonny et al., 1997). In this study we aimed to determine the regions of the yeast protein Arf1 that are important for ...
... Harter, 1999). For Arf proteins, the coupling of protein binding to membrane association is thought to occur via extrusion of the unique myristoylated N terminus upon GTP binding (Antonny et al., 1997). In this study we aimed to determine the regions of the yeast protein Arf1 that are important for ...
Are Hydrophobins and/or Non-Specific Lipid Transfer Proteins
... However, in brewing technology the formation and stability of foam are important criteria concerning beer quality. Sørensen and co-workers (1993) reported that barley LTP1 is involved in beer foam formation. LTP1 purified from beer created a good beer foam with high potential in a foam assay. In con ...
... However, in brewing technology the formation and stability of foam are important criteria concerning beer quality. Sørensen and co-workers (1993) reported that barley LTP1 is involved in beer foam formation. LTP1 purified from beer created a good beer foam with high potential in a foam assay. In con ...
K transport in plants: Physiology and molecular biology Mark W. Szczerba
... isolated from a cDNA library derived from K+deprived wheat (Triticum aestivum). HKT1 showed sequence similarity with other TRK-type K+ transporters (i.e., from yeast), and functionally complemented yeast deficient in K+ uptake (Schachtman and Schroeder, 1994). However, K+ transport via HKT varies wit ...
... isolated from a cDNA library derived from K+deprived wheat (Triticum aestivum). HKT1 showed sequence similarity with other TRK-type K+ transporters (i.e., from yeast), and functionally complemented yeast deficient in K+ uptake (Schachtman and Schroeder, 1994). However, K+ transport via HKT varies wit ...
Discovery of Proteomic Code with mRNA Assisted Protein Folding
... energy (dG) along the mRNA, which distinguishes the central codon base from the 1st and 3rd and forms a physico-chemical barrier or boundary between the codons. This is a statistical rule which doesn’t apply for every single codon, but still shows a general tendency that there is some potential prot ...
... energy (dG) along the mRNA, which distinguishes the central codon base from the 1st and 3rd and forms a physico-chemical barrier or boundary between the codons. This is a statistical rule which doesn’t apply for every single codon, but still shows a general tendency that there is some potential prot ...
Engineering key components in a synthetic eukaryotic
... More complex, hybrid systems, which involve additional components, are also found in bacteria and in plants. In hybrid systems, the high-energy phosphate can cascade through three or more proteins in a ‘transmission layer’ before reaching the ‘response layer’ (Figure 1). For example, in plants, cyto ...
... More complex, hybrid systems, which involve additional components, are also found in bacteria and in plants. In hybrid systems, the high-energy phosphate can cascade through three or more proteins in a ‘transmission layer’ before reaching the ‘response layer’ (Figure 1). For example, in plants, cyto ...
Cofactor requirement of ribosome-inactivating
... linked to a B-chain able to bind to cell surface receptors on target cells. Type 1 RIPs are widely distributed in higher plants and many plants produce several RIPs, similar but not identical to each other (possibly isoenzymes), either present within the same organ or in different organs (reviewed i ...
... linked to a B-chain able to bind to cell surface receptors on target cells. Type 1 RIPs are widely distributed in higher plants and many plants produce several RIPs, similar but not identical to each other (possibly isoenzymes), either present within the same organ or in different organs (reviewed i ...
Evaluation of Different Solvent Types on the Extraction of
... essential amino acids which are mostly equivalent or even better with that of other higher plant (Spolaore et al., 2006). It was found that their amino acid composition does not significantly affected by changes in environmental conditions (Blackburn and Volkman, 2012). Apart from that, the farming ...
... essential amino acids which are mostly equivalent or even better with that of other higher plant (Spolaore et al., 2006). It was found that their amino acid composition does not significantly affected by changes in environmental conditions (Blackburn and Volkman, 2012). Apart from that, the farming ...
Calcium Signaling through Protein Kinases. The Arabidopsis
... three (Table I). The most conserved EF hand sequences are those of the hands in positions 1 and 2 and the least conserved is that for position 4. The positions where the EF hands are absent also vary. These differences in numbers and positions of EF hands likely yield variations in the allosteric pr ...
... three (Table I). The most conserved EF hand sequences are those of the hands in positions 1 and 2 and the least conserved is that for position 4. The positions where the EF hands are absent also vary. These differences in numbers and positions of EF hands likely yield variations in the allosteric pr ...
A Difference between Rods and Cones in the Renewal of Outer
... are well described by NilssonG and are depicted in Fig. 1. In both rods and cones, 10 minutes after injection, the autoradiographic reaction was largely restricted to the regions of free and membrane-bound ribosomes concentrated in the myoid portion of the cell. Labeling was somewhat heavier in rods ...
... are well described by NilssonG and are depicted in Fig. 1. In both rods and cones, 10 minutes after injection, the autoradiographic reaction was largely restricted to the regions of free and membrane-bound ribosomes concentrated in the myoid portion of the cell. Labeling was somewhat heavier in rods ...
Systems-Wide Analysis of Acclimation Responses to Long
... multiple system levels are monitored over time and integrated to a more holistic picture, appear helpful to shed light on the many open questions regarding responses of plant cells to HS. In fact, Chlamydomonas is an ideal plant model for such approaches because (1) as a single-celled organism all c ...
... multiple system levels are monitored over time and integrated to a more holistic picture, appear helpful to shed light on the many open questions regarding responses of plant cells to HS. In fact, Chlamydomonas is an ideal plant model for such approaches because (1) as a single-celled organism all c ...
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... not acquired by mammalian oocytes until the completion of a final phase of differentiation immediately before ovulation. During this phase, referred to as the maturation period, many intracellular changes occur, including a reprogramming of protein synthesis and the progression of the cell cycle fro ...
... not acquired by mammalian oocytes until the completion of a final phase of differentiation immediately before ovulation. During this phase, referred to as the maturation period, many intracellular changes occur, including a reprogramming of protein synthesis and the progression of the cell cycle fro ...
Sphingolipids Containing Very-Long
... were shown to accumulate, indicating abnormal vesicle trafficking (Zheng et al., 2005). In the case of the pas1 mutant, abnormal trafficking of the auxin polar efflux carrier PIN1 was associated with decreased VLCFA in sphingolipids (Roudier et al., 2010). PIN1 is one of several proteins with a pola ...
... were shown to accumulate, indicating abnormal vesicle trafficking (Zheng et al., 2005). In the case of the pas1 mutant, abnormal trafficking of the auxin polar efflux carrier PIN1 was associated with decreased VLCFA in sphingolipids (Roudier et al., 2010). PIN1 is one of several proteins with a pola ...
The Phosphoproteome of a Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Eyespot
... vivo kinase targets and thereby insights into its signaling network. Due to the elaborate structure of the eyespot and the rather hydrophobic character of many of its proteins, we had to apply a special protocol to bring the proteins in proper solution for efficient proteolytic digest followed by IM ...
... vivo kinase targets and thereby insights into its signaling network. Due to the elaborate structure of the eyespot and the rather hydrophobic character of many of its proteins, we had to apply a special protocol to bring the proteins in proper solution for efficient proteolytic digest followed by IM ...