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An outline of Celtiberian grammar
An outline of Celtiberian grammar

... seeks more information, including a wealth of bibliographical data, and a more explicit justification for the grammatical interpretations adopted here, must turn to MLH. In addition to the material covered by MLH, some recent discoveries and developments are taken into account. However, while the co ...
On the Tense-Aspect system of Bolivian
On the Tense-Aspect system of Bolivian

... of the unmarked verb form, temporally and aspectually unspecified. This is obviously an important function in a language with no infinitive like BCG. In this function, the Non-Future occurs in the second member of serial verb constructions (cf. fn. 6), or in peculiarly disjoint constructions, whereb ...
Two sources of scalarity within the verb phrase
Two sources of scalarity within the verb phrase

... For instance, Hay et al. (1999) and Kennedy and Levin (2008) captialize on the fact that degree achievement verbs are derived from gradable adjectives and use insights from the properties of scale structure to derive the variable telicity effects that had previously been problematic under tradition ...
Full proceedings volume - Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics
Full proceedings volume - Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics

... concern that linguistic issues (as a part of the computational linguistics agenda) should be made more visible at future COLINGs. We share the feeling of these colleagues that it is time to enhance the linguistic dimension in the CL spectrum, as well as to strengthen the focus on explanatory rather ...
Bridging the Gap: Retaking the Accuplacer WritePlacer College
Bridging the Gap: Retaking the Accuplacer WritePlacer College

... The Language Arts section of the test features a writing section in which students are asked to write a persuasive essay on a designated topic. If a student fails to reach a score of 6 or better on the essay, he or she must take developmental English classes in college before taking English I. In ad ...
Pronouns - MGLVA
Pronouns - MGLVA

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English non-finite participial clauses as seen through their Czech
English non-finite participial clauses as seen through their Czech

... 4. The counterparts of English participial clauses The Czech correspondences of English participial clauses were classified primarily into congruent and divergent counterparts (Johansson 2007: 23-26). The congruent correspondences comprise Czech constructions which display the same degree of syntact ...
Learn Filipino - Learn Tagalog
Learn Filipino - Learn Tagalog

... Library of Congress Control Number 2004109970 Printed in Canada on permanent paper by Transcontinental Printing. ...
The Syntax of Temporal Interpretation in Embedded Clauses
The Syntax of Temporal Interpretation in Embedded Clauses

... temporum predicts. What is striking is that in all the other examples, the embedded verb is also in the present subjunctive. The expected form in (2d) through (2h) is the past subjunctive form fueras „that you went‟, and not vayas ‘that you should go‟. From these data, we can see that the occurrence ...
Accusative subjects in Avestan
Accusative subjects in Avestan

... and accusative was no longer clear. Accusatives in place of nominatives are also mentioned in Reichelt’s grammar (1909: 226). Reichelt refers to Spiegel’s list and adds some examples of his own. Even though Reichelt labels such occurrences as Fehler ‘errors’, he does not commit himself to a particul ...
A Linguistic Analysis of Daniel 8:11, 12
A Linguistic Analysis of Daniel 8:11, 12

... The Subject of Daniel 8:12b-d. A more serious difficulty with the view that “a host” is the subject of the singular feminine tinnaœteœn is the fact that vs. 12 consists of of a sequence of four verbal forms. The four verbs of vs. 12 all have the same gender and number: feminine, singular. Further, n ...
A Linguistic Analysis of Daniel 8:11, 12
A Linguistic Analysis of Daniel 8:11, 12

... The Subject of Daniel 8:12b-d. A more serious difficulty with the view that “a host” is the subject of the singular feminine tinnaœteœn is the fact that vs. 12 consists of of a sequence of four verbal forms. The four verbs of vs. 12 all have the same gender and number: feminine, singular. Further, n ...
Particle verbs and a theory of late lexical insertion
Particle verbs and a theory of late lexical insertion

... dominating the particle must be transparent. It therefore does not block movement of its verbal part. Notice that in Stiebels's and Wunderlich's analyses, the claim that particles are the only elements inside X°-categories that receive the feature [+max] does not follow from any independently motiva ...
some recent trends in grammaticalization
some recent trends in grammaticalization

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Morphological word structure in English and Swedish
Morphological word structure in English and Swedish

... The coinage exhumption used in the context of cemeteries or graves is indeed attested in Google. ...
A Synopsis of the Indian Tribes Within the United States East of the
A Synopsis of the Indian Tribes Within the United States East of the

... the nineteen others, ten are west of the Stony Mountains; and seven of these inhabit, south of the sixtieth degree of north latitude, the islands and the narrow tract of land contained between the Pacific Ocean and the continuation of the Californian chain of mountains, as far south as the forty-sev ...
Use of Verb Information in Syntactic Parsing
Use of Verb Information in Syntactic Parsing

... used by the parser. In other theories, however, verb information is fundamental to the parser's operation. For example, Ford, Bresnan, and Kaplan's (1982) parsing model is based on the assumption that alternative syntactic structures are selected on the basis of the syntactic biases of the verb. For ...
The Finnish Accusative: Long Distance Case Assignment by ϕ
The Finnish Accusative: Long Distance Case Assignment by ϕ

... they do not differ in their objecthood. In the second part, we show that the various accusatives are also treated similarly in terms of certain syntactic operations, such as clefting and raising. First of all, given the completely uncontroversial status of accusative marking ...
11 Other Punctuation Marks - McGraw Hill Higher Education
11 Other Punctuation Marks - McGraw Hill Higher Education

... the place where punctuation is needed. Then write the corrections on the lines provided. When you write each correction, include the words before and after the punctuation mark. Note To help you master these punctuation marks, directions are given for half of the corrections. ...
Noun-Verb Complex Predicates In Kurmanji Kurdish A syntactic
Noun-Verb Complex Predicates In Kurmanji Kurdish A syntactic

... singer). The data includes 692 complex predicates; about 600 of them are nominal (noun/adjective) CPrs while the rest are CPrs with a particle or a prepositional phrase. Pointing out the imbalanced distribution among the types of CPrs, Haig (2002) argues that although in Indo-European languages part ...
Compounds - ELTE / SEAS
Compounds - ELTE / SEAS

... combining forms – Latin and Greek roots – are obviously not affixes, since affixes cannot combine with each other. ...
higher lessons in english
higher lessons in english

... language, he finds his work greatly simplified. If in a sentence of his own language he sees only a mass of unorganized words, how much greater must be his confusion when this mass of words is in a foreign tongue! A study of the parts of speech is a far less important preparation for translation, si ...
2 Action - Faculty Web Sites at the University of Virginia
2 Action - Faculty Web Sites at the University of Virginia

... relationship ...
here
here

... temporum predicts. What is striking is that in all the other examples, the embedded verb is also in the present subjunctive. The expected form in (2d) through (2h) is the past subjunctive form fueras „that you went‟, and not vayas ‘that you should go‟. From these data, we can see that the occurrence ...
Omission of the primary verbs BE and HAVE in - (BORA)
Omission of the primary verbs BE and HAVE in - (BORA)

... Against this background, we have reason to believe that teenagers express communicative competence in a way which differs from other age-groups of a speech community. For instance, it appears that a speaker's indulgence in linguistic innovativeness reaches a peak in adolescence. Teenagers are often ...
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Old English grammar

The grammar of Old English is quite different from that of Modern English, predominantly by being much more inflected. As an old Germanic language, Old English has a morphological system that is similar to that of the hypothetical Proto-Germanic reconstruction, retaining many of the inflections thought to have been common in Proto-Indo-European and also including characteristically Germanic constructions such as the umlaut.Among living languages, Old English morphology most closely resembles that of modern Icelandic, which is among the most conservative of the Germanic languages; to a lesser extent, the Old English inflectional system is similar to that of modern High German.Nouns, pronouns, adjectives and determiners were fully inflected with five grammatical cases (nominative, accusative, genitive, dative, and instrumental), two grammatical numbers (singular and plural) and three grammatical genders (masculine, feminine, and neuter). First- and second-person personal pronouns also had dual forms for referring to groups of two people, in addition to the usual singular and plural forms.The instrumental case was somewhat rare and occurred only in the masculine and neuter singular; it could typically be replaced by the dative. Adjectives, pronouns and (sometimes) participles agreed with their antecedent nouns in case, number and gender. Finite verbs agreed with their subject in person and number.Nouns came in numerous declensions (with deep parallels in Latin, Ancient Greek and Sanskrit). Verbs came in nine main conjugations (seven strong and two weak), each with numerous subtypes, as well as a few additional smaller conjugations and a handful of irregular verbs. The main difference from other ancient Indo-European languages, such as Latin, is that verbs can be conjugated in only two tenses (vs. the six ""tenses"" – really tense/aspect combinations – of Latin), and have no synthetic passive voice (although it did still exist in Gothic).The grammatical gender of a given noun does not necessarily correspond to its natural gender, even for nouns referring to people. For example, sēo sunne (the Sun) was feminine, se mōna (the Moon) was masculine, and þæt wīf ""the woman/wife"" was neuter. (Compare modern German die Sonne, der Mond, das Weib.) Pronominal usage could reflect either natural or grammatical gender, when it conflicted.
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