An outline of Proto-Indo-European
... ergative became a nominative case, the formal distinction between transitive and intransitive verbs disappeared, but the construction of the thematic present and the perfect with a logical subject in the dative (or locative) was preserved, except in Anatolian. This gave rise to an expansion of the t ...
... ergative became a nominative case, the formal distinction between transitive and intransitive verbs disappeared, but the construction of the thematic present and the perfect with a logical subject in the dative (or locative) was preserved, except in Anatolian. This gave rise to an expansion of the t ...
Semantic constraints on lexical categories
... taxonomic relationships. This is presumably helpful in word learning, because English noun categories tend to be organized taxonomically. There may be a strong association between cow and milk, but English doesn't have words with a meaning like "cow and milk" or "cow or milk." Thus, even very young ...
... taxonomic relationships. This is presumably helpful in word learning, because English noun categories tend to be organized taxonomically. There may be a strong association between cow and milk, but English doesn't have words with a meaning like "cow and milk" or "cow or milk." Thus, even very young ...
Introduction
... Closed-class words refer to those sets of words whose items are “closed”or limited in number and are only exceptionally extended by the creation of additional members (Function word). For example: Prep. Pronoun， ...
... Closed-class words refer to those sets of words whose items are “closed”or limited in number and are only exceptionally extended by the creation of additional members (Function word). For example: Prep. Pronoun， ...
Singulars and Plurals in Dutch: Evidence for a Parallel Dual
... frequency effects play a role at the access level: Words with the same cumulative stem frequency become available to the central system in the same amount of time. Schreuder and Baayen (1995) outline a race model with fully parallel routes. Their model is based on a spreading activation network with ...
... frequency effects play a role at the access level: Words with the same cumulative stem frequency become available to the central system in the same amount of time. Schreuder and Baayen (1995) outline a race model with fully parallel routes. Their model is based on a spreading activation network with ...
Grammar Goofs
... ◦ Mistake: My grandmother stroked her cat while I combed her hair. [misplaced modifier] ◦ Correct: While I combed her hair, my grandmother stroked her cat. ...
... ◦ Mistake: My grandmother stroked her cat while I combed her hair. [misplaced modifier] ◦ Correct: While I combed her hair, my grandmother stroked her cat. ...
A MARANAO DICTIONARY
... semantic range of a word. These Maranao entries are either base words or derivations. Most entries that are derivations indicate the root from which they are derived. The selection of derivations has been difficult since word formation is very productive in Maranao. Basically, though not always, a d ...
... semantic range of a word. These Maranao entries are either base words or derivations. Most entries that are derivations indicate the root from which they are derived. The selection of derivations has been difficult since word formation is very productive in Maranao. Basically, though not always, a d ...
First Writing Assignment
... producing good transitions is highlighting connections between corresponding paragraphs. By referencing in one paragraph the relevant material from previous ones, writers can develop important points for their readers. [Kamrass note: use transitions and transitional phrases within paragraphs too. Of ...
... producing good transitions is highlighting connections between corresponding paragraphs. By referencing in one paragraph the relevant material from previous ones, writers can develop important points for their readers. [Kamrass note: use transitions and transitional phrases within paragraphs too. Of ...
SUBJECT + VERB
... Don't mistake a subject complement for a direct object! Only linking verbs can have subject complements. Example: Brenna felt sick this morning. Brenna = subject felt = linking verb sick = adjective subject complement. ...
... Don't mistake a subject complement for a direct object! Only linking verbs can have subject complements. Example: Brenna felt sick this morning. Brenna = subject felt = linking verb sick = adjective subject complement. ...
John ate the cake
... % person, number and case comes from pronoun np(Per, Num, Case) --> pro(Per, Num, Case). % look up person, number and case of pronoun pro(Per, Num, Case) --> [Pro], {pro(Pro, Per, Num, Case)}. % lexical entries pro(she, second, sing, obj). v(eats, third, sing). ...
... % person, number and case comes from pronoun np(Per, Num, Case) --> pro(Per, Num, Case). % look up person, number and case of pronoun pro(Per, Num, Case) --> [Pro], {pro(Pro, Per, Num, Case)}. % lexical entries pro(she, second, sing, obj). v(eats, third, sing). ...
parsing with a small dictionary for applications such as text to speech
... words for the listener and to partition the utterance into short segments for easier perceptual processing (O'Shaughnessy 1983b). Speakers tend to pause at major syntactic boundaries, but the frequency and duration of the pauses also reflect the length of the phrases (measured by the number of words ...
... words for the listener and to partition the utterance into short segments for easier perceptual processing (O'Shaughnessy 1983b). Speakers tend to pause at major syntactic boundaries, but the frequency and duration of the pauses also reflect the length of the phrases (measured by the number of words ...
INFINITIVES AND PARTICIPLES (INCLUDUNG GERUNDIVE AND
... • A verbal noun, identical to the neuter of the gerundive, but used in the active sense. • Equivalent to the English –ing form of the verb when this is used as a noun. In these cases, the –ing form is also called a gerund but when it is used like an adjective it is called a present participle • Can ...
... • A verbal noun, identical to the neuter of the gerundive, but used in the active sense. • Equivalent to the English –ing form of the verb when this is used as a noun. In these cases, the –ing form is also called a gerund but when it is used like an adjective it is called a present participle • Can ...
Is Russian a verb classifier language?
... of the category and is its most representative meaning; it is also the meaning that is most densely connected to other meanings (Geeraerts 1995: 25; Croft and Cruse 2004: 78, 81; Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk 2007: 155). Given that the most central meaning is often also the most concrete one, for Russian p ...
... of the category and is its most representative meaning; it is also the meaning that is most densely connected to other meanings (Geeraerts 1995: 25; Croft and Cruse 2004: 78, 81; Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk 2007: 155). Given that the most central meaning is often also the most concrete one, for Russian p ...
Español 1: REPASO DE SEMESTRE 2
... Irregular Preterit past tense sandal verbs change “I Y” p207 (She read the book. = ____________________________________________ ) Irregular Preterit past tense “YO” forms –gar, -car, -zar: yo ______________________ (buscar), yo ______________________ (llegar), yo _________________________ (emp ...
... Irregular Preterit past tense sandal verbs change “I Y” p207 (She read the book. = ____________________________________________ ) Irregular Preterit past tense “YO” forms –gar, -car, -zar: yo ______________________ (buscar), yo ______________________ (llegar), yo _________________________ (emp ...
COMPOUND SENTENCE A compound sentence contains two
... B. Alejandro played football, so Maria went shopping. C. Alejandro played football, but Maria went shopping. The above three sentences are compound sentences. Each sentence contains two independent clauses, and they are joined by a coordinator with a comma preceding it. Note how the conscious use of ...
... B. Alejandro played football, so Maria went shopping. C. Alejandro played football, but Maria went shopping. The above three sentences are compound sentences. Each sentence contains two independent clauses, and they are joined by a coordinator with a comma preceding it. Note how the conscious use of ...
Pronouns
... the question, “To whom was the rabbit given?” BETTER: “He gave the rabbit to Claire and me. Later, Kate and I set it free.” Me is the object. In the second sentence, I is used correctly as a subject. ...
... the question, “To whom was the rabbit given?” BETTER: “He gave the rabbit to Claire and me. Later, Kate and I set it free.” Me is the object. In the second sentence, I is used correctly as a subject. ...
Style guide - University of York
... verb: A group of new buildings including the Departments of Computer Science and Theatre, Film and Television opens in October not A group of new buildings including the Departments of Computer Science and Theatre, Film and Television open in October. Collective nouns, such as team, crew, tribe, gro ...
... verb: A group of new buildings including the Departments of Computer Science and Theatre, Film and Television opens in October not A group of new buildings including the Departments of Computer Science and Theatre, Film and Television open in October. Collective nouns, such as team, crew, tribe, gro ...
Predicted errors in children’s early sentence comprehension
... Adults assign the same semantic role to conjoined nouns, resulting in simultaneous-action (John and Mary ran) or reciprocal-action interpretations (John and Mary kissed), depending on the verb (Gleitman, Gleitman, Miller, & Ostrin, 1996; Patson & Ferreira, 2009). Relatedly, Slobin and Bever (1982) a ...
... Adults assign the same semantic role to conjoined nouns, resulting in simultaneous-action (John and Mary ran) or reciprocal-action interpretations (John and Mary kissed), depending on the verb (Gleitman, Gleitman, Miller, & Ostrin, 1996; Patson & Ferreira, 2009). Relatedly, Slobin and Bever (1982) a ...
Ancient Greek for Everyone
... • Greek distinguishes three grammatical genders: • Masculine, Feminine, Neuter • English mostly distinguishes these three genders only in pronouns: he, she, it. • For Greek nouns, by contrast, the gender is as much a part of the noun as its spelling and you must know a noun’s gender to comprehend Gr ...
... • Greek distinguishes three grammatical genders: • Masculine, Feminine, Neuter • English mostly distinguishes these three genders only in pronouns: he, she, it. • For Greek nouns, by contrast, the gender is as much a part of the noun as its spelling and you must know a noun’s gender to comprehend Gr ...
Lesson #8: CAPITALIZATION RULES
... ________ 1. The dance committee, Blake, Rita, and (I. me) met in Room 222. ________ 2. The Johnsons and (we, us) are going in their car. ________ 3. But it wasn't (I, me) who dented your fender. ________ 4. The playbill said the star is (who, whom)? ________ 5. What makes you think it was (he, him) ...
... ________ 1. The dance committee, Blake, Rita, and (I. me) met in Room 222. ________ 2. The Johnsons and (we, us) are going in their car. ________ 3. But it wasn't (I, me) who dented your fender. ________ 4. The playbill said the star is (who, whom)? ________ 5. What makes you think it was (he, him) ...
A Systematic Adaptation Scheme for English-Hindi Example
... after the root verb without deforming it. Hence obtaining the root verb is important for adaptation. For illustration, with respect to the input sentence "Ram is eating rice" consider the following cases: Case 1. The retrieved sentence and its translation are: "Ram eats rice” and "ram chaawal khaata ...
... after the root verb without deforming it. Hence obtaining the root verb is important for adaptation. For illustration, with respect to the input sentence "Ram is eating rice" consider the following cases: Case 1. The retrieved sentence and its translation are: "Ram eats rice” and "ram chaawal khaata ...
Теоретическая грамматика - факультет социокультурных
... The grammatical meaning of number may not coincide with the notional quantity: the noun in the singular does not necessarily denote one object while the plural form may be used to denote one object consisting of several parts. The general meaning revealed through the grammatical opposition a book – ...
... The grammatical meaning of number may not coincide with the notional quantity: the noun in the singular does not necessarily denote one object while the plural form may be used to denote one object consisting of several parts. The general meaning revealed through the grammatical opposition a book – ...
Understanding Syntax
... distinction (= a division into language types) between head-marking and dependent-marking languages. Here’s what we expect to find. Typical headmarking languages are those with extensive agreement or cross-referencing – heads such as verbs and nouns are marked to agree with grammatical properties of ...
... distinction (= a division into language types) between head-marking and dependent-marking languages. Here’s what we expect to find. Typical headmarking languages are those with extensive agreement or cross-referencing – heads such as verbs and nouns are marked to agree with grammatical properties of ...
Exercise 27, Chapter 15, “Prepositions”
... 4. The object of a preposition can come from the nominative case if the object is compound (such as John and I, or we and the Snyders). 5. Prepositional phrases can come at the beginning of a sentence, in the middle of a sentence or at the end of a sentence. 6. To, one of the most common preposition ...
... 4. The object of a preposition can come from the nominative case if the object is compound (such as John and I, or we and the Snyders). 5. Prepositional phrases can come at the beginning of a sentence, in the middle of a sentence or at the end of a sentence. 6. To, one of the most common preposition ...
Gerunds + Infinitives
... OBJECT by changing it The necklace having been broken by my dog, I couldn’t to: give it to her. ...
... OBJECT by changing it The necklace having been broken by my dog, I couldn’t to: give it to her. ...
Grammar 3.3 – What Is an Adverb
... The position of adverbs can vary. An adverb that modifies an adjective or another adverb is generally placed just before the word it modifies. The dog is extremely cute. (before adjective) When driving, I tire too quickly. (before adverb) An adverb that modifies a verb can be placed after the verb, ...
... The position of adverbs can vary. An adverb that modifies an adjective or another adverb is generally placed just before the word it modifies. The dog is extremely cute. (before adjective) When driving, I tire too quickly. (before adverb) An adverb that modifies a verb can be placed after the verb, ...