Semantic Parsing Based on FrameNet
... which labels had to be assigned were: 51,010 for the training set; 15,924 for the validation set and 16,279 for the test set. We used an additional set of 66,687 sentences (hereafter extended data) as extended data produced when using the examples associated with any other frame from FrameNet that ...
... which labels had to be assigned were: 51,010 for the training set; 15,924 for the validation set and 16,279 for the test set. We used an additional set of 66,687 sentences (hereafter extended data) as extended data produced when using the examples associated with any other frame from FrameNet that ...
Predicted errors in children’s early sentence comprehension
... these in suggesting that children exploit even partial representations of sentence-structure in learning to interpret sentences. However, we focused on conjoined-subject intransitives (2–3) because these sentences permit us to test our account of the origins of syntactic bootstrapping. These sentenc ...
... these in suggesting that children exploit even partial representations of sentence-structure in learning to interpret sentences. However, we focused on conjoined-subject intransitives (2–3) because these sentences permit us to test our account of the origins of syntactic bootstrapping. These sentenc ...
Talk a Lot - English Banana
... Sentence stress is a natural part of spoken English and students should be encouraged to use it during the course. English is a stress-timed language which is spoken with rhythm. This results from strong and weak stresses that are built into both individual words and sentences. How can students reco ...
... Sentence stress is a natural part of spoken English and students should be encouraged to use it during the course. English is a stress-timed language which is spoken with rhythm. This results from strong and weak stresses that are built into both individual words and sentences. How can students reco ...
2 nd person - mhsnichols
... apostrophe alone only when they: 1) Are plural, and 2) End in -s ...
... apostrophe alone only when they: 1) Are plural, and 2) End in -s ...
A Taxonomy of Structural Ambiguity in Humour With
... additional feature of this set of devices is not related to concord but nonetheless important to the ability of these devices to fit into structural ambiguities and thus humour .This feature is related to the structural options that are available to some causative and perception verbs. The capacity ...
... additional feature of this set of devices is not related to concord but nonetheless important to the ability of these devices to fit into structural ambiguities and thus humour .This feature is related to the structural options that are available to some causative and perception verbs. The capacity ...
Grammar and Composition Guide
... B. RELATIVE PRONOUNS (introduce subordinate clauses, except in sentences that are questions): who, whom, which, what, that, whose, how, why 6. COORDINATING WORDS: words that can join equally important parts of sentences (e.g., two prepositional phrases) or equally important ideas (usually two main c ...
... B. RELATIVE PRONOUNS (introduce subordinate clauses, except in sentences that are questions): who, whom, which, what, that, whose, how, why 6. COORDINATING WORDS: words that can join equally important parts of sentences (e.g., two prepositional phrases) or equally important ideas (usually two main c ...
2 X-bar Syntax
... (N), which is in turn possibly followed by an adjective (ADJ). We can describe these facts in so-called phrase structure rules or rewrite rules, where „“ can be read as „consists of“ (cf. e.g. Finegan (1994: 133)) ( 4) NP PN NP ART (ADJ) N If we ask ourselves how the structure of the whole sent ...
... (N), which is in turn possibly followed by an adjective (ADJ). We can describe these facts in so-called phrase structure rules or rewrite rules, where „“ can be read as „consists of“ (cf. e.g. Finegan (1994: 133)) ( 4) NP PN NP ART (ADJ) N If we ask ourselves how the structure of the whole sent ...
ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE COMPOUNDING
... Another aspect of this hyphenated form is about spelling of compound plurals and possessives. For this form, the –s is usually added to the component that is the base element of the term and supposed to be the significant part, mostly the noun. Some examples are daughters-in-law, lieutenant-generals ...
... Another aspect of this hyphenated form is about spelling of compound plurals and possessives. For this form, the –s is usually added to the component that is the base element of the term and supposed to be the significant part, mostly the noun. Some examples are daughters-in-law, lieutenant-generals ...
Infinitives and Gerunds
... arrangements, and Past and Future Continuous for established background information?) With this perspective we can make better sense of: ...
... arrangements, and Past and Future Continuous for established background information?) With this perspective we can make better sense of: ...
Color Terms and Lexical Classes in Krahn/WobÃ
... the world's languages are either nouns or verbs in Gborbo. For example, to describe something shiny, a Gborbo speaker must use either the noun /111[22/ or the verb /foNl/. There is no corresponding adjective. 2 In her grammar of Wore, Egner [1989] identifies a small number of words she calls adjecti ...
... the world's languages are either nouns or verbs in Gborbo. For example, to describe something shiny, a Gborbo speaker must use either the noun /111[22/ or the verb /foNl/. There is no corresponding adjective. 2 In her grammar of Wore, Egner [1989] identifies a small number of words she calls adjecti ...
Exploring the grammar of the clause
... and alternative questions (Do you want one or two?). Question tags are also very common in conversation: e.g. isn’t it? Gramatically, although independent clauses are the main building blocks of texts, non-clausal material (blocked lang.: Elderly care crisis warning) is also common, particularly ...
... and alternative questions (Do you want one or two?). Question tags are also very common in conversation: e.g. isn’t it? Gramatically, although independent clauses are the main building blocks of texts, non-clausal material (blocked lang.: Elderly care crisis warning) is also common, particularly ...
Event modifying adjectives in Portuguese
... configurational model of event structure. Incorporated in the Generative Lexicon framework, an event structure provides a useful level of representation for linguistic analysis. As argued in Pustejovsky (1991), finer-grained distinctions than sorts of events are necessary in order to capture differe ...
... configurational model of event structure. Incorporated in the Generative Lexicon framework, an event structure provides a useful level of representation for linguistic analysis. As argued in Pustejovsky (1991), finer-grained distinctions than sorts of events are necessary in order to capture differe ...
A Structural Account of English Tenseless Clausal
... control, raising occurs when verbs such as seem and appear occur in the complex sentence. These verbs, as mentioned in Trask (1993: 228), are called raising verbs. The presence of these verbs leads to raising from the to-infinitive clause to the main clause. Thus, raising can be defined as the movem ...
... control, raising occurs when verbs such as seem and appear occur in the complex sentence. These verbs, as mentioned in Trask (1993: 228), are called raising verbs. The presence of these verbs leads to raising from the to-infinitive clause to the main clause. Thus, raising can be defined as the movem ...
unit 2 – understanding structure
... → introduced by words like “specifically” or “for example”. → introduced by words like “but”, “however” and “if”. ...
... → introduced by words like “specifically” or “for example”. → introduced by words like “but”, “however” and “if”. ...
Indirect Object Pronouns
... Let's extract the IO phrase and its English equivalent: me compra buys (for) me te compra buys (for) you le compra buys (for) her nos compra buys (for) us ...
... Let's extract the IO phrase and its English equivalent: me compra buys (for) me te compra buys (for) you le compra buys (for) her nos compra buys (for) us ...
Lability of verbs and its relations to verb meaning and argumen
... Almost the same situation can be seen in Turkish. Prototypically Turkic verbs are not labile, but the Turkish verb bašlamak can mean either ‘begin something’ or ‘be begun’. However, in the first meaning it is not transitive, but governs an indirect (dative) object. 2. VERBS WITH A PROTOTYPICALLY PAT ...
... Almost the same situation can be seen in Turkish. Prototypically Turkic verbs are not labile, but the Turkish verb bašlamak can mean either ‘begin something’ or ‘be begun’. However, in the first meaning it is not transitive, but governs an indirect (dative) object. 2. VERBS WITH A PROTOTYPICALLY PAT ...
Unit 1
... Remember: A participle is a verb form that can act as an adjective. A participial phrase begins with a participle. Participles and participial phrases describe nouns and pronouns. • A participle ends in -ing or -ed, or it has a special form. It can stand alone, or it can come at the start of a ...
... Remember: A participle is a verb form that can act as an adjective. A participial phrase begins with a participle. Participles and participial phrases describe nouns and pronouns. • A participle ends in -ing or -ed, or it has a special form. It can stand alone, or it can come at the start of a ...
Sample: Lesson One - Pro Lingua Associates
... English vs. Spanish: Remember that the pronoun you refers to tú, usted, and ustedes. That means that you’ll say you are in each of these situations: ▶▶ You are from Sonora. (Eres de Sonora o Tú eres de Sonora.) ▶▶ You are from Sonora. (Usted es de Sonora.) ▶▶ You are from Sonora. (Ustedes son de Son ...
... English vs. Spanish: Remember that the pronoun you refers to tú, usted, and ustedes. That means that you’ll say you are in each of these situations: ▶▶ You are from Sonora. (Eres de Sonora o Tú eres de Sonora.) ▶▶ You are from Sonora. (Usted es de Sonora.) ▶▶ You are from Sonora. (Ustedes son de Son ...
Volume 11 (2001) – Proceedings from the Fourth Workshop on
... object, the verb must be marked either with Conjunct or Conjunct Undergoer suffixes, depending on tense. In contrast, such marking of locutor objects is not found in Tsafiki (Connie Dickinson, personal communication). The situation in the other two languages is not clear, however there is a suggesti ...
... object, the verb must be marked either with Conjunct or Conjunct Undergoer suffixes, depending on tense. In contrast, such marking of locutor objects is not found in Tsafiki (Connie Dickinson, personal communication). The situation in the other two languages is not clear, however there is a suggesti ...
Relative Clauses - eesl542dwinter2012
... The constituents before the noun may include not only the words that are replaced by whose but also, for example, a quantifier, such as several + the preposition of, and these too, are moved to the front of the clause. The author several of whose books Peter reviewed won a Pulitzer. ...
... The constituents before the noun may include not only the words that are replaced by whose but also, for example, a quantifier, such as several + the preposition of, and these too, are moved to the front of the clause. The author several of whose books Peter reviewed won a Pulitzer. ...
syntax-1-checklist
... • The key fills the instrument role, whether it is the subject of the sentence or a prepositional phrase. • John fills the agent role, whether he is the subject or in a ...
... • The key fills the instrument role, whether it is the subject of the sentence or a prepositional phrase. • John fills the agent role, whether he is the subject or in a ...
The English Gerund-Participle in Cognitive Grammar
... When nominal uses of the type illustrated in (11) below are treated, Langacker’s cognitive grammar analysis shifts from the word-level to that of the clause: (11) Zelda’s reluctantly signing the contract Such ‘factive nominalizations’ are held to apply to a higher-level structure: reluctantly signi ...
... When nominal uses of the type illustrated in (11) below are treated, Langacker’s cognitive grammar analysis shifts from the word-level to that of the clause: (11) Zelda’s reluctantly signing the contract Such ‘factive nominalizations’ are held to apply to a higher-level structure: reluctantly signi ...
CHAPTER 5 Negation
... Negative/Positive Polarity Items and Verbal Negation Any is one of a set of words that can appear in negative statements but normally do not appear in affirmative statements. This restriction on the use of any can be seen if we remove not from a negative sentence such as (15a). The resulting positi ...
... Negative/Positive Polarity Items and Verbal Negation Any is one of a set of words that can appear in negative statements but normally do not appear in affirmative statements. This restriction on the use of any can be seen if we remove not from a negative sentence such as (15a). The resulting positi ...
German abstract prepositional phrases Christian Lehmann
... abgesehen von neglected from modifier, so that it can insofar directly ausgenommen except serve as an adposition, while a noun is exempted not a modifier and therefore first has corresponding entsprechend to be converted into one before it can corresponding serve as an adposition. As a consequence, ...
... abgesehen von neglected from modifier, so that it can insofar directly ausgenommen except serve as an adposition, while a noun is exempted not a modifier and therefore first has corresponding entsprechend to be converted into one before it can corresponding serve as an adposition. As a consequence, ...
Chinese grammar
This article concerns Standard Chinese. For the grammars of other forms of Chinese, see their respective articles via links on Chinese language and varieties of Chinese.The grammar of Standard Chinese shares many features with other varieties of Chinese. The language almost entirely lacks inflection, so that words typically have only one grammatical form. Categories such as number (singular or plural) and verb tense are frequently not expressed by any grammatical means, although there are several particles that serve to express verbal aspect, and to some extent mood.The basic word order is subject–verb–object (SVO). Otherwise, Chinese is chiefly a head-last language, meaning that modifiers precede the words they modify – in a noun phrase, for example, the head noun comes last, and all modifiers, including relative clauses, come in front of it. (This phenomenon is more typically found in SOV languages like Turkish and Japanese.)Chinese frequently uses serial verb constructions, which involve two or more verbs or verb phrases in sequence. Chinese prepositions behave similarly to serialized verbs in some respects (several of the common prepositions can also be used as full verbs), and they are often referred to as coverbs. There are also location markers, placed after a noun, and hence often called postpositions; these are often used in combination with a coverb. Predicate adjectives are normally used without a copular verb (""to be""), and can thus be regarded as a type of verb.As in many east Asian languages, classifiers or measure words are required when using numerals (and sometimes other words such as demonstratives) with nouns. There are many different classifiers in the language, and each countable noun generally has a particular classifier associated with it. Informally, however, it is often acceptable to use the general classifier 个 [個] ge in place of other specific classifiers.Examples given in this article use simplified Chinese characters (with the traditional characters following in brackets if they differ) and standard pinyin Romanization.