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this PDF file - Journal of Language Modelling
this PDF file - Journal of Language Modelling

... from theoretical and practical requirements and goals. From a theoretical point of view, an important purpose of this work is to develop a parsing system for Wolof which is able to disambiguate (when necessary) the input text in order to ensure correct analysis of the language. In other words, given ...
01 SAT Prep Class Vocab Writing Grammar
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... Make impure or inferior by adding improper ingredients; contaminate; pollute. ...
The English relative clause - Machine Translation Archive
The English relative clause - Machine Translation Archive

... might also generate such sentences as: They called the girl up. He calls the girl up. etc. ...
a corpus-based description GLEDHILL
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... advantage, in that traditional accounts tend to focus on invented examples which themselves are unlikely to occur in running text and which are usually contrived to the extent that they often miss other more underlying patterns of phraseology (see Sinclair 1991 for a discussion of the principles of ...
Blokh - Theoretic Grammar
Blokh - Theoretic Grammar

... bear in mind that the true grammatical rules or regularities cannot be separated from the expression of meanings; on the contrary, they are themselves meaningful. Namely, they are connected with the most general and abstract parts of content inherent in the elements of language. These parts of conte ...
ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКАЯ ГРАММАТИКА АНГЛИЙСКОГО ЯЗЫКА
ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКАЯ ГРАММАТИКА АНГЛИЙСКОГО ЯЗЫКА

... bear in mind that the true grammatical rules or regularities cannot be separated from the expression of meanings; on the contrary, they are themselves meaningful. Namely, they are connected with the most general and abstract parts of content inherent in the elements of language. These parts of conte ...
double case constructions in Koine Greek - Journal of Greco
double case constructions in Koine Greek - Journal of Greco

... The clause in (11), for example, is derived from the active (double accusative) construction: tij kale/sei au0tou\j ui9ou\j qeou= (‘someone will call them sons of God’). Similarly, the clause in (12) is derived from the active tij kalei= th\n nh=son Meli/thn (‘someone calls the island Malta’); and t ...
A Text-based Grammar for Expository Writing
A Text-based Grammar for Expository Writing

... constructed. As the title, “Sentence Fundamentals for Expressing Ideas,” suggests, teaching students to identify clauses, subjects, and verbs is the basis for everything else that follows. By beginning there, students have a semester to master identifying these crucial elements and will practice ide ...
Cambridge International Examinations Cambridge
Cambridge International Examinations Cambridge

... accommodation, planned activities, etc., together with reasons given for these choices. ACCEPT: reason for holiday choice with or without use of weil. ACCEPT: use of suitable adjective as a form of reason. ...
Idiomatic variants and synonymous idioms in English
Idiomatic variants and synonymous idioms in English

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Writing Skills: Section 5
Writing Skills: Section 5

... Choice (A) is correct. It avoids the errors of the other options by appropriately using the prepositional phrase “including some of his most famous” directly after the noun it modifies, “speeches.” Choice (B) results in unidiomatic phrasing. The phrase “in which included” is not idiomatic and should ...
The Classification of Infinitives: A Statistical Study
The Classification of Infinitives: A Statistical Study

... [93], a@rxomai [92], tolma
Conceptual metaphor in syntax: sentence structure level
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... The propositional model may be projected onto one and the same domain of experience in different regular ways and, thus, there may be several types of mappings between the domains. For instance, a person experiencing a state (who may be referred to metonymically through a body part) may correspond t ...
`Have` and the Link Between Perfects and Existentials in Old Catalan
`Have` and the Link Between Perfects and Existentials in Old Catalan

... haver and unaccusatives is found already in the first documents, but does not seem to become more frequent as the first five centuries of the written record go by. On the contrary, some verbs that alternate between both auxiliaries at nearly 50% in the 13th century clearly favor ésser in the 15th (t ...
Grace Theological Journal 6.1 (1985) 3
Grace Theological Journal 6.1 (1985) 3

... [93], a@rxomai [92], tolma
The message in the navel: (ir)realisness in Swahili
The message in the navel: (ir)realisness in Swahili

... the objective status of what is being referred to. However she, too, describes the level of application in various ways (‘event or sequence of events predicated’, ‘chunk of discourse’, ‘proposition’ etc.). Why does it matter whether the notion of (ir)realis applies to a proposition, a clause, an eve ...
(2) and (4) - Kirkwall Grammar School
(2) and (4) - Kirkwall Grammar School

... My father drives the car. The car is driven by my father. Both these sentences say the same thing and yet there is a subtle difference between them. In the first sentence, the subject 'My father' is the doer of the action. In the second sentence, the subject ‘the car' is the receiver of the action. ...
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Function of the Imperfect Tense in Mark`s Gospel
Function of the Imperfect Tense in Mark`s Gospel

... The table was compiled by searching for instances of the English phrase “began to …” (and variations) and comparing it to the Greek text translated. If the text contained an imperfect verb form, but not an instance of !"#$ (on which see later in the paper), it was assumed that the translators unders ...
direct evidentiality
direct evidentiality

... get the opportunity to pay attention to some aspects of their semantics that were neglected earlier. In the literature devoted to evidentials their only implied subject is always the speaker, cf., e.g. Plungjan 2011: 449: “using an evidentiality marker the speaker tells us in which way (s)he learned ...
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Polite Plurals and Adjective Agreement
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... form on a predicate adjective. In sum, hybrid common nouns (such as pluralia tantum nouns) systematically contrast with hybrid pronouns (such as polite second person plural pronouns) in mixed agreement languages. It is occasionally suggested that pluralia tantum nouns like scissors, pants and glass ...
2019 Specimen Paper Markscheme 4
2019 Specimen Paper Markscheme 4

... accommodation, planned activities, etc., together with reasons given for these choices. ACCEPT: reason for holiday choice with or without use of weil. ACCEPT: use of suitable adjective as a form of reason. ...
ra - Stichting Papua Erfgoed
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... programme 'The Irian Jaya Studies: a programme for interdisciplinary research' (ISIR), financed by WOTRO (Netherlands Organization for the Advancement of Tropical Research). Secondly, I would like to thank Dr Hasan Alwi, head of the 'Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa', for acting as my sponsor ...
A Programmed Introduction
A Programmed Introduction

... epistolary or didactic literature for both Greek and English students of the New Testament. The Oxford English Dictionary defines exegesis as “Explanation, exposition (of a sentence, word, etc.); esp. the interpretation of Scripture or a Scriptural passage.” Thus the task to which this material is g ...
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Lexical semantics



Lexical semantics (also known as lexicosemantics), is a subfield of linguistic semantics. The units of analysis in lexical semantics are lexical units which include not only words but also sub-words or sub-units such as affixes and even compound words and phrases. Lexical units make up the catalogue of words in a language, the lexicon. Lexical semantics looks at how the meaning of the lexical units correlates with the structure of the language or syntax. This is referred to as syntax-semantic interface.The study of lexical semantics looks at: the classification and decomposition of lexical items the differences and similarities in lexical semantic structure cross-linguistically the relationship of lexical meaning to sentence meaning and syntax.Lexical units, also referred to as syntactic atoms, can stand alone such as in the case of root words or parts of compound words or they necessarily attach to other units such as prefixes and suffixes do. The former are called free morphemes and the latter bound morphemes. They fall into a narrow range of meanings (semantic fields) and can combine with each other to generate new meanings.
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