Creating a Dependency Syntactic Treebank: Towards Intuitive
... syntactic representation complies with the majority’s view which ensures maximizing the usability of the treebank. For this purpose we composed an e-query, in which we collected the answerers’ intuitive interpretations of the two structures. Recording the user groups’ intuitive solution complements, ...
... syntactic representation complies with the majority’s view which ensures maximizing the usability of the treebank. For this purpose we composed an e-query, in which we collected the answerers’ intuitive interpretations of the two structures. Recording the user groups’ intuitive solution complements, ...
Meijer and Fox Tree A Bilingual Exploration 1 RUNNING HEAD: A
... into speaking processes, as others have also argued (Fox Tree & Meijer, 1999; Lombardi & Potter, 1992; Potter & Lombardi, 1990). But unlike some other methods, the sentence recall task has the advantage of allowing greater control over the syntactic structures tested. Fox Tree & Meijer (1999) used t ...
... into speaking processes, as others have also argued (Fox Tree & Meijer, 1999; Lombardi & Potter, 1992; Potter & Lombardi, 1990). But unlike some other methods, the sentence recall task has the advantage of allowing greater control over the syntactic structures tested. Fox Tree & Meijer (1999) used t ...
Linking Eye Movements to Sentence Comprehension in Reading
... researchers have argued that detailed lexical information is not part of the initial structure-building process (e.g., Mitchell, 1987), while others have argued that detailed lexical information forms the basis of the initial structure-building process (e.g., MacDonald, Pearlmutter, & Seidenberg, 19 ...
... researchers have argued that detailed lexical information is not part of the initial structure-building process (e.g., Mitchell, 1987), while others have argued that detailed lexical information forms the basis of the initial structure-building process (e.g., MacDonald, Pearlmutter, & Seidenberg, 19 ...
Typological variation of the adjectival class
... classes are treated merely as primitives, either in terms of input to rules, determinants of underlying phrase structure, governors of inflectional patterns, or as sources of valency and subcategorization frames. Thus, class-designations such as “verb”, “adjective”, and “noun” are the linchpins of s ...
... classes are treated merely as primitives, either in terms of input to rules, determinants of underlying phrase structure, governors of inflectional patterns, or as sources of valency and subcategorization frames. Thus, class-designations such as “verb”, “adjective”, and “noun” are the linchpins of s ...
Two-Word Utterances Chomsky`s Influence
... Brown set out to write grammars for each of the stages of language development, by looking at the distribution of forms and construction patterns in spontaneous speech. In most cases the data allow for more than one grammatical description. “The description to be preferred, of course, is the one tha ...
... Brown set out to write grammars for each of the stages of language development, by looking at the distribution of forms and construction patterns in spontaneous speech. In most cases the data allow for more than one grammatical description. “The description to be preferred, of course, is the one tha ...
Race-Based Parsing and Syntactic Disambiguution
... the latter attachment with two rules, whereas the former requires only one, as in Figure 1. This assumption about the grammar is ad hoc because it makes a distinction that is not required by the theory of context-free grammars. However, given such a grammar, a parser looking for the preferred attach ...
... the latter attachment with two rules, whereas the former requires only one, as in Figure 1. This assumption about the grammar is ad hoc because it makes a distinction that is not required by the theory of context-free grammars. However, given such a grammar, a parser looking for the preferred attach ...
Words
... degree of certainty). That means, in some sense, we’ve stored these items – in some way or other. But does “storage” necessarily imply “storage in a special linguistic Lexicon”? Jackendoff’s observations call into question the notion that we don’t store information about structures unless the struct ...
... degree of certainty). That means, in some sense, we’ve stored these items – in some way or other. But does “storage” necessarily imply “storage in a special linguistic Lexicon”? Jackendoff’s observations call into question the notion that we don’t store information about structures unless the struct ...
Where`s syntactic variation? - Meertens Instituut
... semantically and pragmatically equivalent to sentence SB in language variety B and SA (partially) expresses a constituent twice or more while SB expresses it only once, or (ii) if within a language variety a constituent can optionally be doubled without any detectable effect on the semantic or pragm ...
... semantically and pragmatically equivalent to sentence SB in language variety B and SA (partially) expresses a constituent twice or more while SB expresses it only once, or (ii) if within a language variety a constituent can optionally be doubled without any detectable effect on the semantic or pragm ...
What sort of innate structure is needed to “bootstrap” into syntax?*
... origin of syntactic categories: how do we get from genes laid down at conception to syntactic categories manifest two-and-a-half to three years later? Merely labeling the categories as innate does not solve this problem; it just passes the problem to biology without considering how the biologist cou ...
... origin of syntactic categories: how do we get from genes laid down at conception to syntactic categories manifest two-and-a-half to three years later? Merely labeling the categories as innate does not solve this problem; it just passes the problem to biology without considering how the biologist cou ...
Lexical representations in spoken language comprehension
... the linguistic and the non-linguistic aspects of the lexical representation of a verb. The anomaly-or the “oddness”-of “John buried the guitar” cannot be part of the linguistic specification of the semantics of the lexical items involved. In fact, it is not something that is likely to be pre-stored ...
... the linguistic and the non-linguistic aspects of the lexical representation of a verb. The anomaly-or the “oddness”-of “John buried the guitar” cannot be part of the linguistic specification of the semantics of the lexical items involved. In fact, it is not something that is likely to be pre-stored ...
The temporality of language in interaction: projection and
... The temporal unfolding of a linguistic unit in conversational language – be it conceived prosodically (intonational phrase), syntactically (sentence), or from the perspective of turn-taking (TCU) – is not always, and perhaps not usually, a single speaker's accomplishment, but rather the outcome of a ...
... The temporal unfolding of a linguistic unit in conversational language – be it conceived prosodically (intonational phrase), syntactically (sentence), or from the perspective of turn-taking (TCU) – is not always, and perhaps not usually, a single speaker's accomplishment, but rather the outcome of a ...
PERSPECTIVES Child language acquisition: Why universal
... above. For example, in a review article on Syntax acquisition for a prestigious interdisciplinary cognitive science journal, Crain and Thornton (2012) argue for innate knowledge of structure dependence and the binding principles. Valian, Solt, and Stewart (2009) recently published a study designed t ...
... above. For example, in a review article on Syntax acquisition for a prestigious interdisciplinary cognitive science journal, Crain and Thornton (2012) argue for innate knowledge of structure dependence and the binding principles. Valian, Solt, and Stewart (2009) recently published a study designed t ...
Parameter label: Non-periphrastic causatives Values: NoNonpfrCC
... 2. The causer appears in a higher grammatical position in the sentence than the causee. For example, the causer might appear as the grammatical agent2, while the causee appears as the grammatical patient3 or in an adverbial phrase. 3. The grammatical strategy used to mark the causative function fulf ...
... 2. The causer appears in a higher grammatical position in the sentence than the causee. For example, the causer might appear as the grammatical agent2, while the causee appears as the grammatical patient3 or in an adverbial phrase. 3. The grammatical strategy used to mark the causative function fulf ...
The Two be`s of English
... Though terminology varies widely, most discussions of the lexicon of any language describe a distinction between LEXICAL VOCABULARY and GRAMMATICAL FUNCTORS (see Chapter 3, section 3.4, and also Givon 2001: 187–237, Huddleston & Pullum 2002, and others). In this characterization of the lexicon, lexi ...
... Though terminology varies widely, most discussions of the lexicon of any language describe a distinction between LEXICAL VOCABULARY and GRAMMATICAL FUNCTORS (see Chapter 3, section 3.4, and also Givon 2001: 187–237, Huddleston & Pullum 2002, and others). In this characterization of the lexicon, lexi ...
The Encoding Grammar and Syntax
... property of a lexical unit. Nevertheless, when lexical units present themselves to syntax during the encoding procedure, they do not exhibit all their semantic features but only those that are syntactically relevant, i.e. their syntactic slots. Thus it is possible to establish large classes of verbs ...
... property of a lexical unit. Nevertheless, when lexical units present themselves to syntax during the encoding procedure, they do not exhibit all their semantic features but only those that are syntactically relevant, i.e. their syntactic slots. Thus it is possible to establish large classes of verbs ...
МУ для студентов - Теоретическая грамматика английского
... 1. Basic units of syntax: phrase and sentence. The main syntactical categories of the English syntax. 2. Phrase-patterns and sentence-patterns in the English language. Word order of the sentence and its role. 3. The notion of collocation and its semantic status. The traditional part of speech classi ...
... 1. Basic units of syntax: phrase and sentence. The main syntactical categories of the English syntax. 2. Phrase-patterns and sentence-patterns in the English language. Word order of the sentence and its role. 3. The notion of collocation and its semantic status. The traditional part of speech classi ...
Meaning representation, semantic analysis, and lexical semantics
... • Goal: to form the formal structures from smaller pieces • Three approaches: – Syntax-driven semantic analysis – Semantic grammars – Information extraction: filling templates ...
... • Goal: to form the formal structures from smaller pieces • Three approaches: – Syntax-driven semantic analysis – Semantic grammars – Information extraction: filling templates ...
Sentence Parsing
... distance in terms of new discourse referents denoted by NPs and VPs rather than the NPs and VPs themselves. It has been observed in various studies that double centerembeddings (in a null context) tend to become somewhat easier when the most deeply embedded subject is replaced by an indexical pronou ...
... distance in terms of new discourse referents denoted by NPs and VPs rather than the NPs and VPs themselves. It has been observed in various studies that double centerembeddings (in a null context) tend to become somewhat easier when the most deeply embedded subject is replaced by an indexical pronou ...
The Gloss Trap - Department of Second Language Studies
... light, the scope of the meaning of English sheep can be seen to be partly determined by the existence of the term mutton (Saussure, 1983 [1916]: 114). Saussure argued that this is also true in respect of closed-class morphology. In Sanskrit, the equivalents of the French mes yeux, mes oreilles, mes ...
... light, the scope of the meaning of English sheep can be seen to be partly determined by the existence of the term mutton (Saussure, 1983 [1916]: 114). Saussure argued that this is also true in respect of closed-class morphology. In Sanskrit, the equivalents of the French mes yeux, mes oreilles, mes ...
Child language acquisition: Why Universal Grammar doesn*t help
... rule. The label VERB would then be assigned either to the next largest category or, if this does not turn out to be cross-linguistically viable, to the category that takes NOUNs as arguments (for which a rudimentary, underspecified outline of the sentence's argument structure would be sufficient). S ...
... rule. The label VERB would then be assigned either to the next largest category or, if this does not turn out to be cross-linguistically viable, to the category that takes NOUNs as arguments (for which a rudimentary, underspecified outline of the sentence's argument structure would be sufficient). S ...
Oxford Handbook of Linguistic Analysis
... the other hand, there are close limits to this variation set by the fact that speakers try extraordinarily hard to conform to their role-models (Hudson 1996: 10-14), and we now know, thanks to sociolinguistics, a great deal about the kinds of similarities and differences that are to be expected amon ...
... the other hand, there are close limits to this variation set by the fact that speakers try extraordinarily hard to conform to their role-models (Hudson 1996: 10-14), and we now know, thanks to sociolinguistics, a great deal about the kinds of similarities and differences that are to be expected amon ...
Artificial intelligence
... • It turns out that no natural language can be characterized precisely enough to define the generative capacity. • Formal languages, however, allow a precise mathematical characterization. ...
... • It turns out that no natural language can be characterized precisely enough to define the generative capacity. • Formal languages, however, allow a precise mathematical characterization. ...
Identitate românească în context balcanic
... This paper presented the results of our field research on Aromanians from Greece, Albania, F.Y.R. Macedonia from the perspective of preserving the Romanian dialect they speak in the Balkans. By preserving the dialect, which they use in their day-to-day conversations, the Aromanians from these areas ...
... This paper presented the results of our field research on Aromanians from Greece, Albania, F.Y.R. Macedonia from the perspective of preserving the Romanian dialect they speak in the Balkans. By preserving the dialect, which they use in their day-to-day conversations, the Aromanians from these areas ...
REFLECTIONS ON THE MAIN SYNTACTIC PROCESSES OF THEMATIZATION IN ENGLISH IN SPONONO
... addition, language will be studied in relation to society, and this research will analyse the main reasons for choosing between some linguistic forms or others, which is always determined for the function that those linguistic forms have in society (F erniindez Martinez, 20 I!; Matthiessen et al., 2 ...
... addition, language will be studied in relation to society, and this research will analyse the main reasons for choosing between some linguistic forms or others, which is always determined for the function that those linguistic forms have in society (F erniindez Martinez, 20 I!; Matthiessen et al., 2 ...