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Profile Documents Logout
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Document
Document

... (QoS) of the call. In a network with dedicated bandwidth for VoIP, we can calculate the max number of simultaneous calls based on the allocated bandwidth. ...
Chord: A Scalable Peer-to-peer Lookup Service for Internet Applications Ion Stoica
Chord: A Scalable Peer-to-peer Lookup Service for Internet Applications Ion Stoica

... servers. DNS names are structured to reflect administrative boundaries; Chord imposes no naming structure. DNS is specialized to the task of finding named hosts or services, while Chord can also be used to find data objects that are not tied to particular machines. The Freenet peer-to-peer storage s ...
IP Optical Networks - City University of New York
IP Optical Networks - City University of New York

... Integrated routing at the IP and WDM layers  Interaction between existing routing schemes at the IP layer and this new integrated solution “Greedy” distributed solution  Monitor lightpath utilization and change allocations of lightpaths between pairs or routers accordingly Centralized system-wide ...
Chapter 9
Chapter 9

... Understanding Operating Systems, Sixth Edition ...
Chord: A Scalable Peer-to-peer Lookup Service for Internet Applications Ion Stoica
Chord: A Scalable Peer-to-peer Lookup Service for Internet Applications Ion Stoica

... servers. DNS names are structured to reflect administrative boundaries; Chord imposes no naming structure. DNS is specialized to the task of finding named hosts or services, while Chord can also be used to find data objects that are not tied to particular machines. The Freenet peer-to-peer storage s ...
ch08
ch08

... Copyright 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduction or translation of this work beyond that permitted in section 117 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act without express permission of the copyright owner is unlawful. Request for further information should be addressed to the ...
L8-routing - University of California, Berkeley
L8-routing - University of California, Berkeley

... Advertisement) so every node has a map (Link state data base) of the network. – Any node can determine the path or the next hop. – management protocol deals with changes in connectivity – Classic Example: OSPF ...
PRP - Seamless redundancy for Industrial Ethernet scheme
PRP - Seamless redundancy for Industrial Ethernet scheme

... Two Ethernet networks (LANs) , completely separated, of similar topology operate in parallel. Each doubly attached node with PRP (=DANP) has an interface to each LAN. A DANP source sends a frame simultaneously on both LANs. A DANP destination receives in normal operation both frames and discards the ...
ch03
ch03

... Objectives (continued) • Appreciate the overwhelming importance of the Internet Protocol (IP), and how IP packets behave on TCP/IP networks • Understand the lifetime of an IP datagram, and the process of fragmentation and reassembly ...
Document
Document

... Working paths go via shortest routes over the graph p-Cycles are formed only in the spare capacity Can be either OXC-based or based on ADM-like nodal devices a unit-capacity p-cycle protects: – one unit of working capacity for “on cycle” failures – two units of working capacity for “straddling” span ...
Dynamic Routing Protocols
Dynamic Routing Protocols

View
View

... list until connection setup with Y • X sends Ping message to Y; Y forwards Ping message. • All peers receiving Ping message respond with Pong message • X receives many Pong messages. It can then setup additional TCP connections ...
Internet QoS Protocols
Internet QoS Protocols

... – different members of same group may have different resource requirements – if transmission flow is divided into sub-flows, not all members need all sub-flows – if multiple sources are transmitting for same group, receiver may want to select source – In general, QoS needs of different receivers may ...
pptx
pptx

... • Lack of broadcast capability impedes or, in some cases, renders some protocols inoperable (e.g. DHCP). Broadcast media can also allow efficient operation of multicast, a core mechanism of IPv6 • Link-layer error recovery often increases end-to-end performance. However, it should be lightweight and ...
Arch Rock - University of California, Berkeley
Arch Rock - University of California, Berkeley

... • Lack of broadcast capability impedes or, in some cases, renders some protocols inoperable (e.g. DHCP). Broadcast media can also allow efficient operation of multicast, a core mechanism of IPv6 • Link-layer error recovery often increases end-to-end performance. However, it should be lightweight and ...
IP Forwarding (Ch 4) A Sample Network Examine IPv4 addresses:
IP Forwarding (Ch 4) A Sample Network Examine IPv4 addresses:

... Deliver m-cast packets from source along shortest path broadcast tree (like RPB) If R=leaf router, all of its child links are leaves with no members for (S,G) pair, R sends NonMembership Report (NMR) to next-hoprouter for S (predecessor) R’= router; all routers on its child link have sent NMR to R’ ...
Chapter 5
Chapter 5

... from an application on A sent to an application on B . A does not resolve a protocol address for F . Through the internet layer, A delivers to F by routing through R1 and R2 A resolves R1 hardware address. Network layer on A passes packet containing destination protocol address F for delivery to R1 ...
MPLS Traffic Engineering (TE) Tutorial
MPLS Traffic Engineering (TE) Tutorial

... R9 transmits a RESV message, with label=3, to R8 R8 and R4 store “outbound” label and allocate an “inbound” label. They also transmits RESV with inbound label to upstream LSR R1 binds label to forwarding equivalence class (FEC) ...
Introduction to Classless Routing CCNA 3/Module 1 1
Introduction to Classless Routing CCNA 3/Module 1 1

... Routing protocol used within AS is Interior Gateway Protocol Routing protocol used between Autonomous Systems is an Exterior Gateway Protocol RIP v1: • is an IGP that is classful • was designed to work within moderate-sized AS • is a distance vector routing protocol • by default, broadcasts entire r ...
APPENDIX A INTRODUCTION TO ATM NETWORKS
APPENDIX A INTRODUCTION TO ATM NETWORKS

... What is notably missing from these types of ATM connections is an analog to the multicasting or broadcasting capability common in many shared medium LAN technologies such as Ethernet or Token Ring. In such technologies, multicasting allows multiple end systems to both receive data from other multipl ...
Chord: A Scalable P2P Lookup Service for Internet Applications
Chord: A Scalable P2P Lookup Service for Internet Applications

... space onto nodes. Chord also has the advantage that its correctness is robust in the face of partially incorrect routing information. Chord’s routing procedure may be thought of as a onedimensional analogue of the Grid location system [14]. Grid relies on real-world geographic location information t ...
www.ijecs.in International Journal Of Engineering And Computer Science ISSN:2319-7242
www.ijecs.in International Journal Of Engineering And Computer Science ISSN:2319-7242

... framework for cluster-based WSNs as well as a mechanism that reduces the likelihood of compromised or malicious nodes being selected (or elected) as collaborative nodes. A node in the clustered WSN model can be identified as a CH, or a CM (See Fig. 1). Members of a cluster can communicate with their ...
Introduction
Introduction

...  Case 2 : No Physical Multicast Support Most WANs do not support physical multicast addressing . To send a multicast packet through these networks, a process called tunneling is used. In tunneling , the multicast packet is encapsulated in a unicast packet and sent through the network, where it emer ...
pptx - Cornell Computer Science
pptx - Cornell Computer Science

... among the end hosts to the total bisection bandwidth of a particular communication topology  Lower the total cost of the design  Typical designs: factor of 2:5:1 (4 Gbps)to 8:1(1.25 Gbps) ...
UNI - MEF
UNI - MEF

... – Typically delivered to all UNIs in the EVC but the ingress UNI if not learned – Otherwise, deliver to the UNI learned for the destination MAC address – Learning is important for Multipoint-to-Multipoint EVCs ...
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IEEE 802.1aq

Shortest Path Bridging (SPB), specified in the IEEE 802.1aq standard, is a computer networking technology intended to simplify the creation and configuration of networks, while enabling multipath routing.For non-experts, or non-technical readers SPB is an IEEE standard that combines many functions of routing, bridging, load balancing (link aggregration, multi-chassis link aggregation, equal-cost multi-path routing, network virtualization) and tunneling (virtual routing and forwarding, stealth networks, layer-2 virtual service networks (L2VSN), and layer-3 virtual service networks (L3VSN)) into a single easy to configure protocol, which can yield a variety of benefits such as better fault tolerance, increased bandwidth, and improved security.Shortest Path Bridging is the replacement for the older spanning tree protocols (STP) (spanning tree protocol IEEE 802.1D, rapid spanning tree protocol (RSTP) IEEE 802.1w, multiple spanning tree protocol (MSTP) IEEE 802.1s) that permitted only a single path toward the root bridge and blocked any redundant paths that could result in a layer 2 loop. SPB allows all paths to be active with multiple equal cost paths, and provides much larger layer 2 topologies (up to 16 million compared to the traditional virtual local area network (VLAN) limit of 4,096 specified in the IEEE standard 802.1Q). It also supports faster convergence times, and improves the efficiency of the mesh topologies through increased bandwidth and redundancy between all devices, allowing traffic to load share across all paths of a mesh network. To enhance resiliency in the access layer SPB can also be integrated with link aggregation functions, such as standards-based link aggregation (IEEE 802.1AX) and proprietary multi-chassis link aggregation (MC-LAG) implementations.The technology provides logical Ethernet networks on native Ethernet infrastructures using a link state protocol to advertise both topology and logical network membership. Packets are encapsulated at the edge either in media access control-in-media access control (MAC-in-MAC) 802.1ah or tagged 802.1Q/802.1ad frames and transported only to other members of the logical network. Unicast, multicast, and broadcast are supported and all routing is on a symmetric shortest paths.The control plane is based on the Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS), leveraging a small number of extensions defined in Request for Comments(RFC) 6329.
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