Metabolism Unit Organization
... and are connected by the transfer of higher free energy electrons through an electron transport chain (ETC). o When electrons are transferred between molecules in a sequence of reactions as they pass through the ETC, an electrochemical gradient of hydrogen ions (protons) across the thykaloid membr ...
... and are connected by the transfer of higher free energy electrons through an electron transport chain (ETC). o When electrons are transferred between molecules in a sequence of reactions as they pass through the ETC, an electrochemical gradient of hydrogen ions (protons) across the thykaloid membr ...
“Photosynthesis and Respiration Concept Map” Use the terms below
... Typically a concept map goes from general or big ideas to smaller more specific or detailed ideas. Additionally, a connecting phrase describes the relationship between each of the terms. Use all of the terms below (each should be in a box or bubble) to create a concept map about photosynthesis and r ...
... Typically a concept map goes from general or big ideas to smaller more specific or detailed ideas. Additionally, a connecting phrase describes the relationship between each of the terms. Use all of the terms below (each should be in a box or bubble) to create a concept map about photosynthesis and r ...
Competency 3 - broward.k12.fl.us
... molecules per second; oxidative phosph. accounts for 90% of ATP generated • NADH donates electron to flavoprotein (first acceptor in chain) • Next passes to another protein, then to ubiquinone, the only non-protein carrier on chain (lipid) • The remaining electron carriers are cytochromes which pass ...
... molecules per second; oxidative phosph. accounts for 90% of ATP generated • NADH donates electron to flavoprotein (first acceptor in chain) • Next passes to another protein, then to ubiquinone, the only non-protein carrier on chain (lipid) • The remaining electron carriers are cytochromes which pass ...
Thursday, March 27, 2008
... The modern model of the atom is based on the work of 1. one scientist over a short period of time 2. one scientist over a long period of time ...
... The modern model of the atom is based on the work of 1. one scientist over a short period of time 2. one scientist over a long period of time ...
Questions
... were called C278G, C278S, C278A, C278N and C278D, respectively. The activities of these enzymes were assayed. All of the mutants had decreased creatine kinase activity as compared to the wild-type enzyme. What information does this result provide about the reaction mechanism in the wild-type enzyme? ...
... were called C278G, C278S, C278A, C278N and C278D, respectively. The activities of these enzymes were assayed. All of the mutants had decreased creatine kinase activity as compared to the wild-type enzyme. What information does this result provide about the reaction mechanism in the wild-type enzyme? ...
Chapter 3
... What do mitochondria do and what do they look like? • A highly folded organelle in eukaryotic cells • Produces energy in the form of ATP • They are thought to be derived from an engulfed prokaryotic cell ...
... What do mitochondria do and what do they look like? • A highly folded organelle in eukaryotic cells • Produces energy in the form of ATP • They are thought to be derived from an engulfed prokaryotic cell ...
Biochemistry
... The primary structure of a protein is the sequence of amino acids. The bonds between amino acids are called ______________ bonds The secondary structure is either an ______________ or ______________ sheet. This depends on the primary structure ...
... The primary structure of a protein is the sequence of amino acids. The bonds between amino acids are called ______________ bonds The secondary structure is either an ______________ or ______________ sheet. This depends on the primary structure ...
Chapter 6, Section 3
... Organic: contains carbon ◦ All living things contain carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) Monomer: created when C,H,O, N, P bond together to form small molecules Polymer: large compounds that are formed by joining monomers together ...
... Organic: contains carbon ◦ All living things contain carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) Monomer: created when C,H,O, N, P bond together to form small molecules Polymer: large compounds that are formed by joining monomers together ...
Metabolic pathways
... 2 Pyruvate + 2 ATP + 2 NADH + 2H+ + 2 H2O 9 step process with 8 intermediate molecules 2 ATP produced / 1 Glucose consumed Anaerobic ...
... 2 Pyruvate + 2 ATP + 2 NADH + 2H+ + 2 H2O 9 step process with 8 intermediate molecules 2 ATP produced / 1 Glucose consumed Anaerobic ...
Kin 310 Exercise/Work Physiology
... – enzyme LDH - lactate dehydrogenase Fig 2.6 – frees up NAD+ required in glycolysis – continued rapid production of ATP ...
... – enzyme LDH - lactate dehydrogenase Fig 2.6 – frees up NAD+ required in glycolysis – continued rapid production of ATP ...
Photosynthesis
... Does not require light as an energy source Energy is obtained by chemical reactions within the cell ...
... Does not require light as an energy source Energy is obtained by chemical reactions within the cell ...
Slide 1
... 6.10 Most ATP production occurs by oxidative phosphorylation Oxidative phosphorylation involves electron transport and chemiosmosis and requires an adequate supply of oxygen – NADH and FADH2 and the inner membrane of the mitochondria are also involved – A H+ ion gradient formed from all of the re ...
... 6.10 Most ATP production occurs by oxidative phosphorylation Oxidative phosphorylation involves electron transport and chemiosmosis and requires an adequate supply of oxygen – NADH and FADH2 and the inner membrane of the mitochondria are also involved – A H+ ion gradient formed from all of the re ...
ENZYMES: THE MAJESTIC MOLECULES OF LIFE Part
... substrate, and a catalytic site at which the conversion of the bound substrate takes place. However, this functional differentiation is somewhat arbitrary, since the binding of a substrate at the contact site does not leave unaffected the specificity and the rate of substrate conversion at the catal ...
... substrate, and a catalytic site at which the conversion of the bound substrate takes place. However, this functional differentiation is somewhat arbitrary, since the binding of a substrate at the contact site does not leave unaffected the specificity and the rate of substrate conversion at the catal ...
Powering the Cell: Cellular Respiration
... concentration of the ions in the intermembrane space than in the matrix. This chemiosmotic gradient causes the ions to flow back across the membrane into the matrix, where their concentration is lower. ATP synthase acts as a channel protein, helping the hydrogen ions cross the membrane. It also acts ...
... concentration of the ions in the intermembrane space than in the matrix. This chemiosmotic gradient causes the ions to flow back across the membrane into the matrix, where their concentration is lower. ATP synthase acts as a channel protein, helping the hydrogen ions cross the membrane. It also acts ...
Fate of pyruvate
... Coenzymes of the complex are derived from water soluble vitamins: 1- Thiamine pyruphosphate, TPP (derived from thiamine, vitamin B1) 2- NAD+ (derived from niacin) 3- FAD (derived from riboflavin) 4- Lipoic acid 5- Coenzyme A (derived from pantothenic acid) ...
... Coenzymes of the complex are derived from water soluble vitamins: 1- Thiamine pyruphosphate, TPP (derived from thiamine, vitamin B1) 2- NAD+ (derived from niacin) 3- FAD (derived from riboflavin) 4- Lipoic acid 5- Coenzyme A (derived from pantothenic acid) ...
C383 Study Guide for the Final Exam Spring 2017 Basic Information
... Exam Content: The exam will have two major parts. A. about 50 points covering chapters 27-31. Major topics include: hormone sensitive lipase, steps of beta-oxidation, ketone bodies, contrast fatty acid degradation and synthesis, regulation of acetyl CoA carboxylase, stages of cholesterol synthesis, ...
... Exam Content: The exam will have two major parts. A. about 50 points covering chapters 27-31. Major topics include: hormone sensitive lipase, steps of beta-oxidation, ketone bodies, contrast fatty acid degradation and synthesis, regulation of acetyl CoA carboxylase, stages of cholesterol synthesis, ...
Extracellular Enzymes Lab
... • Enzymes are large proteins that all organisms synthesize to catalyze metabolic reactions. • Enzymes are typically highly specific, converting only one substrate to one product. • Almost all reactions that occur within the cell, including energy production (catabolism) and biosynthesis (anabolism), ...
... • Enzymes are large proteins that all organisms synthesize to catalyze metabolic reactions. • Enzymes are typically highly specific, converting only one substrate to one product. • Almost all reactions that occur within the cell, including energy production (catabolism) and biosynthesis (anabolism), ...
Oxidation of Carbohydrate
... • Mass action effect – Substrate availability affects metabolic rate – More available substrate = higher pathway activity – Excess of given substrate = cells rely on that energy substrate more than others ...
... • Mass action effect – Substrate availability affects metabolic rate – More available substrate = higher pathway activity – Excess of given substrate = cells rely on that energy substrate more than others ...
Oxidative phosphorylation
Oxidative phosphorylation (or OXPHOS in short) is the metabolic pathway in which the mitochondria in cells use their structure, enzymes, and energy released by the oxidation of nutrients to reform ATP. Although the many forms of life on earth use a range of different nutrients, ATP is the molecule that supplies energy to metabolism. Almost all aerobic organisms carry out oxidative phosphorylation. This pathway is probably so pervasive because it is a highly efficient way of releasing energy, compared to alternative fermentation processes such as anaerobic glycolysis.During oxidative phosphorylation, electrons are transferred from electron donors to electron acceptors such as oxygen, in redox reactions. These redox reactions release energy, which is used to form ATP. In eukaryotes, these redox reactions are carried out by a series of protein complexes within the inner membrane of the cell's mitochondria, whereas, in prokaryotes, these proteins are located in the cells' intermembrane space. These linked sets of proteins are called electron transport chains. In eukaryotes, five main protein complexes are involved, whereas in prokaryotes many different enzymes are present, using a variety of electron donors and acceptors.The energy released by electrons flowing through this electron transport chain is used to transport protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane, in a process called electron transport. This generates potential energy in the form of a pH gradient and an electrical potential across this membrane. This store of energy is tapped by allowing protons to flow back across the membrane and down this gradient, through a large enzyme called ATP synthase; this process is known as chemiosmosis. This enzyme uses this energy to generate ATP from adenosine diphosphate (ADP), in a phosphorylation reaction. This reaction is driven by the proton flow, which forces the rotation of a part of the enzyme; the ATP synthase is a rotary mechanical motor.Although oxidative phosphorylation is a vital part of metabolism, it produces reactive oxygen species such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, which lead to propagation of free radicals, damaging cells and contributing to disease and, possibly, aging (senescence). The enzymes carrying out this metabolic pathway are also the target of many drugs and poisons that inhibit their activities.