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Ch14
... advantage of using radioactive molecules in which only one or particular atoms have been made radioactive and it is rather easy to measure these as they become transformed by metabolism. The beauty of it is that enzymes react with radioactive atoms as if they were the normal atoms (which they are in ...
... advantage of using radioactive molecules in which only one or particular atoms have been made radioactive and it is rather easy to measure these as they become transformed by metabolism. The beauty of it is that enzymes react with radioactive atoms as if they were the normal atoms (which they are in ...
Chapter 27-28 - Bakersfield College
... NADH + H+ + FMN → NAD+ + FMNH2 FMNH2 + Q → QH2 + FMN NADH + H+ + Q → QH2 + NAD+ ...
... NADH + H+ + FMN → NAD+ + FMNH2 FMNH2 + Q → QH2 + FMN NADH + H+ + Q → QH2 + NAD+ ...
Chemical reactions and Enzymes
... virtually every important chemical reaction that takes place inside cells • Lowers the activation energy required for the reaction to occur thereby increasing the rate in which the reaction takes place. ...
... virtually every important chemical reaction that takes place inside cells • Lowers the activation energy required for the reaction to occur thereby increasing the rate in which the reaction takes place. ...
A structural genomics approach to membrane transport proteins
... Diffusion has a low temperature coefficient (v α o A) and is non-specific. Typical biologically important compounds following this mechanism are O2 , CO2 , NH3 , HCO2 H, CH3 CO2 H, CH2 OH.CHOH.CH2 OH - small, neutral molecules soluble in lipid membranes. 2.2 Facilitated diffusion is the translocatio ...
... Diffusion has a low temperature coefficient (v α o A) and is non-specific. Typical biologically important compounds following this mechanism are O2 , CO2 , NH3 , HCO2 H, CH3 CO2 H, CH2 OH.CHOH.CH2 OH - small, neutral molecules soluble in lipid membranes. 2.2 Facilitated diffusion is the translocatio ...
Tutorial 3 (Ans Scheme) ERT 317, Sem 1 2015/2016
... Briggs and Haldane first proposed Quasi-steady-state assumption ...
... Briggs and Haldane first proposed Quasi-steady-state assumption ...
Cellular Respiration
... The Citric Acid Cycle Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. NADH NADH NADH and FADH2 ...
... The Citric Acid Cycle Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. NADH NADH NADH and FADH2 ...
Chapter 9
... • Electrons are transferred from NADH or FADH2 to the electron transport chain • Electrons are passed through a number of proteins including cytochromes (each with an iron atom) to O2 • The electron transport chain generates no ATP • The chain’s function is to break the large freeenergy drop from fo ...
... • Electrons are transferred from NADH or FADH2 to the electron transport chain • Electrons are passed through a number of proteins including cytochromes (each with an iron atom) to O2 • The electron transport chain generates no ATP • The chain’s function is to break the large freeenergy drop from fo ...
Energy systems of a runner. Presentation for Level
... accepted that slow twitch respond better than fast twitch. The types of training (high intensity-lactic acid type repeats) that increase speed ALSO increase running economy the best. The fact of the matter is this: “A great kick does you no good if you can’t stay up with the pace during the BULK of ...
... accepted that slow twitch respond better than fast twitch. The types of training (high intensity-lactic acid type repeats) that increase speed ALSO increase running economy the best. The fact of the matter is this: “A great kick does you no good if you can’t stay up with the pace during the BULK of ...
Chemical Reactions and Enzymes
... The sweet taste of freshly picked corn is due to the high sugar content in the kernels. Enzyme action converts about 50% of the sugar to starch within one day after picking. To preserve its sweetness, the freshly picked corn is immersed in boiling water for a few minutes, and then cooled. 11. Which ...
... The sweet taste of freshly picked corn is due to the high sugar content in the kernels. Enzyme action converts about 50% of the sugar to starch within one day after picking. To preserve its sweetness, the freshly picked corn is immersed in boiling water for a few minutes, and then cooled. 11. Which ...
Questions - National Biology Competition
... b. Elongation of cells on the shaded side resulted in a positive phototropic response. c. A higher rate of cell division on the shaded side caused a heliotropic response. d. A weakening of the cell walls of the lit side, due to the presence of auxin, caused the stem to bend. e. An increase in photos ...
... b. Elongation of cells on the shaded side resulted in a positive phototropic response. c. A higher rate of cell division on the shaded side caused a heliotropic response. d. A weakening of the cell walls of the lit side, due to the presence of auxin, caused the stem to bend. e. An increase in photos ...
Getting a good rate of exchange – the mitochondrial ADP
... nitrogen atom in the backbone is bonded to a side-chain carbon atom. This unusual chemical structure has two important consequences; first, proline residues are rather rigid in terms of the allowed conformations of their main-chain, and second, there is no amide hydrogen atom that can be involved in ...
... nitrogen atom in the backbone is bonded to a side-chain carbon atom. This unusual chemical structure has two important consequences; first, proline residues are rather rigid in terms of the allowed conformations of their main-chain, and second, there is no amide hydrogen atom that can be involved in ...
thermodynamics
... In many instance F will inhibit (interfere) with the reaction that converts A to B by binding to a site on enzyme E so that it can’t bind A. This feedback inhibition helps to prevent overproduction of F—homeostasis. ...
... In many instance F will inhibit (interfere) with the reaction that converts A to B by binding to a site on enzyme E so that it can’t bind A. This feedback inhibition helps to prevent overproduction of F—homeostasis. ...
Energy
... Rest-to-Exercise: Aerobic v Assume sitting on the bike requires 15 ATP and 0.3 liters/min of oxygen v Assume pedaling at a power of 100 watts requires 80 ATP and 1.5 liter/min of oxygen v A person can go from sitting to full pedaling at 100 watts in a mater of seconds. v But, it takes 3-4 minutes f ...
... Rest-to-Exercise: Aerobic v Assume sitting on the bike requires 15 ATP and 0.3 liters/min of oxygen v Assume pedaling at a power of 100 watts requires 80 ATP and 1.5 liter/min of oxygen v A person can go from sitting to full pedaling at 100 watts in a mater of seconds. v But, it takes 3-4 minutes f ...
Oxidation-Reduction Processes in Natural Waters
... generated in the oxidation of ferrous to ferric iron, these bacteria must oxidize large amounts of iron in order to grow. The Sulfur cycle Sulfur reduction reactions. There are two genera of bacteria that are said to carry out dissimalatory sulfate reduction, in that they reduce sulfate in connectio ...
... generated in the oxidation of ferrous to ferric iron, these bacteria must oxidize large amounts of iron in order to grow. The Sulfur cycle Sulfur reduction reactions. There are two genera of bacteria that are said to carry out dissimalatory sulfate reduction, in that they reduce sulfate in connectio ...
(a) (b)
... - induced fit – molecular handshake – when the enzyme binds to the substrate, it wraps around the substrate Substrate ...
... - induced fit – molecular handshake – when the enzyme binds to the substrate, it wraps around the substrate Substrate ...
Answers-to-exam-in-protein-chemistry-20130315-
... chains at positions in contact with the solvent. The hydropbobic side chains occur att regular intervals in the chain.‘Coiled-coil 3,5 residues per turn. Helical wheel. Residues at position a and d are hydrophobic. By interacting with neighbouring hydrophobic residues helices are forced to coil arou ...
... chains at positions in contact with the solvent. The hydropbobic side chains occur att regular intervals in the chain.‘Coiled-coil 3,5 residues per turn. Helical wheel. Residues at position a and d are hydrophobic. By interacting with neighbouring hydrophobic residues helices are forced to coil arou ...
Microbial Biogeochemistry
... • Algae and cyanobacteria (photoautotrophy using PS II) • Bacteria and eukaryotes respiring (chemoorganoheterotrophy). • Sulfide oxidizers (or sulfur bacteria): H2S + O2 S or SO42• Some use CO2 (chemolithoautotrophs), others use organic compounds (chemolithoheterotrophs) • Examples, Thiobacillus s ...
... • Algae and cyanobacteria (photoautotrophy using PS II) • Bacteria and eukaryotes respiring (chemoorganoheterotrophy). • Sulfide oxidizers (or sulfur bacteria): H2S + O2 S or SO42• Some use CO2 (chemolithoautotrophs), others use organic compounds (chemolithoheterotrophs) • Examples, Thiobacillus s ...
CHM 365 Name: Exam 2 Oct. 13, 2004 Do all of the questions. Part I
... c) compare overlapping sets of peptide fragments. d) determine the N-terminal amino acid. e) generate two different, but overlapping sets of peptide fragments. ...
... c) compare overlapping sets of peptide fragments. d) determine the N-terminal amino acid. e) generate two different, but overlapping sets of peptide fragments. ...
do not
... What are catalysts used for? 1)Used in industrial processes to reduce heat or pressure requirements 2)Used in living organisms – Reactions must occur at body temp and atmospheric pressure (LOW) 3)Without catalysts reactions would be too slow 4)Needed to sustain life ...
... What are catalysts used for? 1)Used in industrial processes to reduce heat or pressure requirements 2)Used in living organisms – Reactions must occur at body temp and atmospheric pressure (LOW) 3)Without catalysts reactions would be too slow 4)Needed to sustain life ...
1 Name__________________________________
... proteins. Because the cell membrane is selectively permeable (only allowing certain things to pass), cells must have way for transporting molecules through the lipid bilayer. Membrane proteins play an important role in this process. For example, some integral proteins form channels or pores through ...
... proteins. Because the cell membrane is selectively permeable (only allowing certain things to pass), cells must have way for transporting molecules through the lipid bilayer. Membrane proteins play an important role in this process. For example, some integral proteins form channels or pores through ...
T Dx test II
... 35) Based on the counts supplied in the problem, which of the following would you hypothesize from your data before doing the chi square test? a. the genes for gray and vestigal are both dominant b. the genes for wing length and body color are linked c. the genes for body color and wing length are i ...
... 35) Based on the counts supplied in the problem, which of the following would you hypothesize from your data before doing the chi square test? a. the genes for gray and vestigal are both dominant b. the genes for wing length and body color are linked c. the genes for body color and wing length are i ...
High Energy compounds
... • Phosphocreatine can anaerobically donate a phosphate group to ADP to form ATP during the first 2 to 7 seconds following an intense muscular or neuronal effort. • On the converse, excess ATP can be used during a period of low effort to convert creatine to phosphocreatine. • is catalyzed by several ...
... • Phosphocreatine can anaerobically donate a phosphate group to ADP to form ATP during the first 2 to 7 seconds following an intense muscular or neuronal effort. • On the converse, excess ATP can be used during a period of low effort to convert creatine to phosphocreatine. • is catalyzed by several ...
103 Rev Ex2 key Win06
... 4. What is electrophoresis and how could it be used to separate a mixture of alanine and aspartic acid? Electrophoresis is a technique used to separate charged species using an electric field. To separate alanine and aspartic acid you could use a buffer with a pH of 6. At this pH, the alanine is neu ...
... 4. What is electrophoresis and how could it be used to separate a mixture of alanine and aspartic acid? Electrophoresis is a technique used to separate charged species using an electric field. To separate alanine and aspartic acid you could use a buffer with a pH of 6. At this pH, the alanine is neu ...
Oxidative phosphorylation
Oxidative phosphorylation (or OXPHOS in short) is the metabolic pathway in which the mitochondria in cells use their structure, enzymes, and energy released by the oxidation of nutrients to reform ATP. Although the many forms of life on earth use a range of different nutrients, ATP is the molecule that supplies energy to metabolism. Almost all aerobic organisms carry out oxidative phosphorylation. This pathway is probably so pervasive because it is a highly efficient way of releasing energy, compared to alternative fermentation processes such as anaerobic glycolysis.During oxidative phosphorylation, electrons are transferred from electron donors to electron acceptors such as oxygen, in redox reactions. These redox reactions release energy, which is used to form ATP. In eukaryotes, these redox reactions are carried out by a series of protein complexes within the inner membrane of the cell's mitochondria, whereas, in prokaryotes, these proteins are located in the cells' intermembrane space. These linked sets of proteins are called electron transport chains. In eukaryotes, five main protein complexes are involved, whereas in prokaryotes many different enzymes are present, using a variety of electron donors and acceptors.The energy released by electrons flowing through this electron transport chain is used to transport protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane, in a process called electron transport. This generates potential energy in the form of a pH gradient and an electrical potential across this membrane. This store of energy is tapped by allowing protons to flow back across the membrane and down this gradient, through a large enzyme called ATP synthase; this process is known as chemiosmosis. This enzyme uses this energy to generate ATP from adenosine diphosphate (ADP), in a phosphorylation reaction. This reaction is driven by the proton flow, which forces the rotation of a part of the enzyme; the ATP synthase is a rotary mechanical motor.Although oxidative phosphorylation is a vital part of metabolism, it produces reactive oxygen species such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, which lead to propagation of free radicals, damaging cells and contributing to disease and, possibly, aging (senescence). The enzymes carrying out this metabolic pathway are also the target of many drugs and poisons that inhibit their activities.