Proliferation-Independent Control of Tumor Glycolysis by PDGFR
... had evidence of altered PDGF/PDGFR signaling did not bear mutated IDH1 (17). This dichotomy suggested to us that studying the role of an RTK, namely PDGFR, in regulating glioma glucose metabolism might be productively pursued in proneural glioma with normal IDH1 and activation of the PDGF/PDGFR grow ...
... had evidence of altered PDGF/PDGFR signaling did not bear mutated IDH1 (17). This dichotomy suggested to us that studying the role of an RTK, namely PDGFR, in regulating glioma glucose metabolism might be productively pursued in proneural glioma with normal IDH1 and activation of the PDGF/PDGFR grow ...
Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 deficiency increases fatty acid oxidation
... targeted disruption of the SCD1 isoform have reduced body adiposity, increased energy expenditure, and up-regulated expression of several genes encoding enzymes of fatty acid -oxidation in liver. The mechanisms by which SCD deficiency leads to these metabolic changes are presently unknown. Here we ...
... targeted disruption of the SCD1 isoform have reduced body adiposity, increased energy expenditure, and up-regulated expression of several genes encoding enzymes of fatty acid -oxidation in liver. The mechanisms by which SCD deficiency leads to these metabolic changes are presently unknown. Here we ...
Metabolism
... • Because skeletal muscle is the largest tissue containing enzymes of glycolysis, much of the glucose-to-lactate conversion is thought to occur in muscle. • Approximately 60% of the liver glycogen synthesis is by the direct pathway, whereas 40% is by the indirect pathway • Indicates the importance o ...
... • Because skeletal muscle is the largest tissue containing enzymes of glycolysis, much of the glucose-to-lactate conversion is thought to occur in muscle. • Approximately 60% of the liver glycogen synthesis is by the direct pathway, whereas 40% is by the indirect pathway • Indicates the importance o ...
Amino Acid Composition of Enzymatically Hydrolysed Potato Protein
... We determine the effects of the technology of obtaining potato protein preparation and of different variants of enzymatic hydrolysis on the chemical and amino acid compositions of the hydrolysates obtained. Potato protein concentrates obtained through their thermal coagulation in potato juice with c ...
... We determine the effects of the technology of obtaining potato protein preparation and of different variants of enzymatic hydrolysis on the chemical and amino acid compositions of the hydrolysates obtained. Potato protein concentrates obtained through their thermal coagulation in potato juice with c ...
Phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance studies of intracellular
... The pH profile of the vacuole in this experiment cannot readily be explained. However, the cytoplasmic ATP concentration might play a crucial role, since the period of slow increase in PHin,v was parallelled by a slow decrease in ATP levels (not shown), which might result in lowered hydrolysis of AT ...
... The pH profile of the vacuole in this experiment cannot readily be explained. However, the cytoplasmic ATP concentration might play a crucial role, since the period of slow increase in PHin,v was parallelled by a slow decrease in ATP levels (not shown), which might result in lowered hydrolysis of AT ...
File
... Occurs in the liver and skeletal muscles, but it can occur in every tissue to some extent. Limitations of storage: In humans, the liver may contain as much as 4 to 6 per cent of glycogen as per weight of the organ, when analysed shortly after a meal, high in carbohydrate. After 12 to 18 hours of ...
... Occurs in the liver and skeletal muscles, but it can occur in every tissue to some extent. Limitations of storage: In humans, the liver may contain as much as 4 to 6 per cent of glycogen as per weight of the organ, when analysed shortly after a meal, high in carbohydrate. After 12 to 18 hours of ...
Glycolysis - Rose
... transcription and of protein degradation, and therefore alter the amounts of enzymes. Glucose transport Glucose cannot diffuse through membranes. As a result, cells must have a transport protein that allows the glucose to cross the membrane. Most cells have passive transporters, which are proteins t ...
... transcription and of protein degradation, and therefore alter the amounts of enzymes. Glucose transport Glucose cannot diffuse through membranes. As a result, cells must have a transport protein that allows the glucose to cross the membrane. Most cells have passive transporters, which are proteins t ...
Planta - University of Regina
... which catalyzes repetitive decarboxylative condensation of a starter CoA derived from the phenylpropanoid pathway with three C2-units from malonyl-CoA and regiospeci®c cyclization to give chalcone (Fig. 1) (Kreuzaler and Hahlbrock 1975). CHS is a typical homodimeric plant polyketide synthase with ap ...
... which catalyzes repetitive decarboxylative condensation of a starter CoA derived from the phenylpropanoid pathway with three C2-units from malonyl-CoA and regiospeci®c cyclization to give chalcone (Fig. 1) (Kreuzaler and Hahlbrock 1975). CHS is a typical homodimeric plant polyketide synthase with ap ...
Bacterial second messengers, cGMP and cdiGMP, in a quest for
... cGMP in cyanobacterial adaptation to the UV stress (Cadoret et al, 2005) and in formation of cysts (dormant cells) in alphaproteobacteria (Marden et al, 2011) led to its recognition as a genuine bacterial second messenger (Gomelsky, 2011). In the last decade, attention of many bacteriologists has be ...
... cGMP in cyanobacterial adaptation to the UV stress (Cadoret et al, 2005) and in formation of cysts (dormant cells) in alphaproteobacteria (Marden et al, 2011) led to its recognition as a genuine bacterial second messenger (Gomelsky, 2011). In the last decade, attention of many bacteriologists has be ...
10B-Oxidation and Ketone bodies
... -oxidation of Saturated Fatty Acids * Fatty acids are activated and transported into mitochondria * F.As enter to cytosol from the blood and should move to mitocondrial matrix where the enzymes are exist in three steps “CARNITINE SHUTTLE” F.A ...
... -oxidation of Saturated Fatty Acids * Fatty acids are activated and transported into mitochondria * F.As enter to cytosol from the blood and should move to mitocondrial matrix where the enzymes are exist in three steps “CARNITINE SHUTTLE” F.A ...
CH 3
... • Malonyl-ACP combines with the four-carbon butyryl-ACP to form a six-carbon-ACP. • The carbon chain lengthens by two carbons each cycle ...
... • Malonyl-ACP combines with the four-carbon butyryl-ACP to form a six-carbon-ACP. • The carbon chain lengthens by two carbons each cycle ...
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes 1768:
... the proportions of C12:0, C14:0 and C16:0 was observed. As a result, membrane composition was changed from a shortchained saturated FA (SFA) profile at aerobic conditions to a long-chained, monounsaturated profile at anaerobic conditions. Indeed, the unsaturation index and the length of the fatty ac ...
... the proportions of C12:0, C14:0 and C16:0 was observed. As a result, membrane composition was changed from a shortchained saturated FA (SFA) profile at aerobic conditions to a long-chained, monounsaturated profile at anaerobic conditions. Indeed, the unsaturation index and the length of the fatty ac ...
Paracetamol (Acetaminophen): mechanisms of action
... mechanism does not refute arguments that its primary site of action may still be inhibition of PG synthesis. An elegant model where paracetamol acts as a reducing cosubstrate on the POX site of the PGHS enzyme when combined with the ‘peroxide tone’ of different cells, explains paracetamol’s lack of ...
... mechanism does not refute arguments that its primary site of action may still be inhibition of PG synthesis. An elegant model where paracetamol acts as a reducing cosubstrate on the POX site of the PGHS enzyme when combined with the ‘peroxide tone’ of different cells, explains paracetamol’s lack of ...
Introduction to Lipid Metabolism Roles of Lipids - Rose
... Introduction to Lipid Metabolism Roles of Lipids Lipids have a wide variety of roles in biological systems. These roles are a consequence of their chemical and physical properties. Fatty acids and their derivatives (especially triacylglycerols) can act as highly concentrated energy storage molecules ...
... Introduction to Lipid Metabolism Roles of Lipids Lipids have a wide variety of roles in biological systems. These roles are a consequence of their chemical and physical properties. Fatty acids and their derivatives (especially triacylglycerols) can act as highly concentrated energy storage molecules ...
I. Molecular mechanism for polyunsaturated fatty acid regulation of
... cells against the accelerated rates of apoptosis reportedly observed with excessive triglyceride accumulation (12, 25). PUFA exert their effects on metabolic pathways by governing the DNA binding activity and nuclear abundance of select transcription factors responsible for regulating the expression ...
... cells against the accelerated rates of apoptosis reportedly observed with excessive triglyceride accumulation (12, 25). PUFA exert their effects on metabolic pathways by governing the DNA binding activity and nuclear abundance of select transcription factors responsible for regulating the expression ...
Aspects of Lipid Metabolism in Crustaceans Department of
... synthesis of lipid or possibly an increased lipid during the 'molting' cycle. These ear- rate of lipid catabolism. These data sugly observations were extended by Renaud g-est that a factor (s) in the eyestalks influ(1949) who demonstrated a rise in hepa- ences lipid metabolism. To test this hypothes ...
... synthesis of lipid or possibly an increased lipid during the 'molting' cycle. These ear- rate of lipid catabolism. These data sugly observations were extended by Renaud g-est that a factor (s) in the eyestalks influ(1949) who demonstrated a rise in hepa- ences lipid metabolism. To test this hypothes ...
Protein Acetylation as an Integral Part of Metabolism in Cancer
... result there is an increased export of acetate anions and excess protons out of the cell leading to increased intracellular pH as well as decreased extracellular pH. This transport is performed by proton H+ coupled monocarboxylate transporter (MCT). An increase in intracellular pH leads to the oppos ...
... result there is an increased export of acetate anions and excess protons out of the cell leading to increased intracellular pH as well as decreased extracellular pH. This transport is performed by proton H+ coupled monocarboxylate transporter (MCT). An increase in intracellular pH leads to the oppos ...
normal myocardial metabolism: fueling cardiac contraction
... (Krebs) cycle. Regulation of PDH by fatty acids, for example, limits glucose entry into the Krebs cycle and is a critical step regulating myocardial substrate choice and utilization.19,20 Lactate decarboxylation is another important source of pyruvate for PDH, because lactate produced by other organ ...
... (Krebs) cycle. Regulation of PDH by fatty acids, for example, limits glucose entry into the Krebs cycle and is a critical step regulating myocardial substrate choice and utilization.19,20 Lactate decarboxylation is another important source of pyruvate for PDH, because lactate produced by other organ ...
Study of Alternative Functions of the Mitochondrial Protein Bak
... both hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts) helices resides the hydrophobic α5 helix. At the Cterminus, the remaining α9 acts as a transmembrane (TM) domain, which can anchor Bax and Bak in the mitochondrial outer membrane, as seen in Figure 1. Interestingly α9 in the Bax structure is concealed in a hyd ...
... both hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts) helices resides the hydrophobic α5 helix. At the Cterminus, the remaining α9 acts as a transmembrane (TM) domain, which can anchor Bax and Bak in the mitochondrial outer membrane, as seen in Figure 1. Interestingly α9 in the Bax structure is concealed in a hyd ...
Novel Substrates for Fluorescence-based Protein Tyrosine Kinase
... the microplates were sealed with TopSeal-A™ (PKI) during that time. The fluorescence signals were read using an excitation filter of 320 nm and an emission filter of 665 nm on an EnVision® Multilabel Reader (PKI). The final assay volume was 20 µL. Determination of kinase concentration – 0 to 30 nM o ...
... the microplates were sealed with TopSeal-A™ (PKI) during that time. The fluorescence signals were read using an excitation filter of 320 nm and an emission filter of 665 nm on an EnVision® Multilabel Reader (PKI). The final assay volume was 20 µL. Determination of kinase concentration – 0 to 30 nM o ...
Structure and biosynthesis of the signal
... The signal-sequence receptor (SSR) has previously been shown to be a component of the environment which nascent polypeptides meet on passage through the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. We report here on the primary structure of the SSR as deduced from cDNA clones and from direct protein sequenc ...
... The signal-sequence receptor (SSR) has previously been shown to be a component of the environment which nascent polypeptides meet on passage through the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. We report here on the primary structure of the SSR as deduced from cDNA clones and from direct protein sequenc ...
Title: Hormones of the Pancreas
... 1. Structure of insulin: MW 6.000, consisting of 51 AA as two amino acid chains linked by disulfide bridges (α chain – 21 AA, β chain – 30 AA ) 2. Metabolism of insulin : half-life 5 minutes, degraded in liver and kidneys, hepatic portal vein goes to liver where 40-50% is removed in one pass, kidney ...
... 1. Structure of insulin: MW 6.000, consisting of 51 AA as two amino acid chains linked by disulfide bridges (α chain – 21 AA, β chain – 30 AA ) 2. Metabolism of insulin : half-life 5 minutes, degraded in liver and kidneys, hepatic portal vein goes to liver where 40-50% is removed in one pass, kidney ...
Title: Hormones of the Pancreas
... 1. Structure of insulin: MW 6.000, consisting of 51 AA as two amino acid chains linked by disulfide bridges (α chain – 21 AA, β chain – 30 AA ) 2. Metabolism of insulin : half-life 5 minutes, degraded in liver and kidneys, hepatic portal vein goes to liver where 40-50% is removed in one pass, kidney ...
... 1. Structure of insulin: MW 6.000, consisting of 51 AA as two amino acid chains linked by disulfide bridges (α chain – 21 AA, β chain – 30 AA ) 2. Metabolism of insulin : half-life 5 minutes, degraded in liver and kidneys, hepatic portal vein goes to liver where 40-50% is removed in one pass, kidney ...
Novel evolutionary lineages of the invertebrate oxytocin/vasopressin
... and OPR is 24.9–40.5 % homologous (Table 2). The sequence of similarity of CTR2 and OPR to the OT receptor family is not so different from their similarity to VP receptors. When combined with these findings, the sequence analysis revealed that CTR2 and OPR are octopus counterparts for the OT/VP rece ...
... and OPR is 24.9–40.5 % homologous (Table 2). The sequence of similarity of CTR2 and OPR to the OT receptor family is not so different from their similarity to VP receptors. When combined with these findings, the sequence analysis revealed that CTR2 and OPR are octopus counterparts for the OT/VP rece ...
L14_Adv06PDHwebCT
... (addition of COO-) is the same as for pyruvate carboxylase!!! ATP-dependent carboxylation of the biotin, carried out at active site 1 , is followed by transfer of the carboxyl group to acetyl-CoA at a second active site 2 . only difference is COO- is added to acetylCoA rather than to pyruvate ...
... (addition of COO-) is the same as for pyruvate carboxylase!!! ATP-dependent carboxylation of the biotin, carried out at active site 1 , is followed by transfer of the carboxyl group to acetyl-CoA at a second active site 2 . only difference is COO- is added to acetylCoA rather than to pyruvate ...
Lipid signaling
Lipid signaling, broadly defined, refers to any biological signaling event involving a lipid messenger that binds a protein target, such as a receptor, kinase or phosphatase, which in turn mediate the effects of these lipids on specific cellular responses. Lipid signaling is thought to be qualitatively different from other classical signaling paradigms (such as monoamine neurotransmission) because lipids can freely diffuse through membranes (see osmosis.) One consequence of this is that lipid messengers cannot be stored in vesicles prior to release and so are often biosynthesized ""on demand"" at their intended site of action. As such, many lipid signaling molecules cannot circulate freely in solution but, rather, exist bound to special carrier proteins in serum.