Carbohydrates, Lipids, and Proteins Structure and Function
... glucose units linked by bonds and is the storage form of energy in plants. Glycogen, the storage form of carbohydrate in humans and other animals, is a glucose polymer with bonds and numerous branches. Cellulose, dietary fiber, is a straight-chain glucose polymer with bonds that are not broken down ...
... glucose units linked by bonds and is the storage form of energy in plants. Glycogen, the storage form of carbohydrate in humans and other animals, is a glucose polymer with bonds and numerous branches. Cellulose, dietary fiber, is a straight-chain glucose polymer with bonds that are not broken down ...
Lecture 14: Protein and Fat Synthesis
... units, the acetyl – CoA (CH3CO.CoA). Although the reactions of β – oxidation of fatty acids are reversible, the fatty acids are not formed simply by the reverse reactions of β – oxidation. Synthesis of fatty acids from CH3CO.CoA takes place step by step. In each step the fatty acid chain is increase ...
... units, the acetyl – CoA (CH3CO.CoA). Although the reactions of β – oxidation of fatty acids are reversible, the fatty acids are not formed simply by the reverse reactions of β – oxidation. Synthesis of fatty acids from CH3CO.CoA takes place step by step. In each step the fatty acid chain is increase ...
metabolism - Websupport1
... reticulum, where they are resynthesized into triglycerides. Triglycerides, combined with cholesterol and phospholipids and then they are coated with proteins, creating a complex called chylomicrons (complex of lipids and proteins or lipoproteins). The protein coat makes them water soluble and facili ...
... reticulum, where they are resynthesized into triglycerides. Triglycerides, combined with cholesterol and phospholipids and then they are coated with proteins, creating a complex called chylomicrons (complex of lipids and proteins or lipoproteins). The protein coat makes them water soluble and facili ...
Cellular Respiration
... Remember that glucose made during photosynthesis…. Well, first that glucose has to be split into two smaller molecules called pyruvate. That process is called glycolysis and takes place in the cytoplasm outside the mitochondria. Glycolysis provides a net gain of 2 ATP! ...
... Remember that glucose made during photosynthesis…. Well, first that glucose has to be split into two smaller molecules called pyruvate. That process is called glycolysis and takes place in the cytoplasm outside the mitochondria. Glycolysis provides a net gain of 2 ATP! ...
Synthesis and Degradation of Lipids
... Vit B12 deficiency Pernicious anemia - in elderly - decreased number of red blood cells - treated by daily consumption of raw liver (1926) -> (1948) - only few bacteria synthesize B12, plants and mammals not - human obtain it from meat - Vit. B12 is specifically bound in intestine by intrinsi ...
... Vit B12 deficiency Pernicious anemia - in elderly - decreased number of red blood cells - treated by daily consumption of raw liver (1926) -> (1948) - only few bacteria synthesize B12, plants and mammals not - human obtain it from meat - Vit. B12 is specifically bound in intestine by intrinsi ...
BIOANALYTICAL/CLINICAL ANALYSIS
... - Important in removing Cholesterol from Tissues,thereby reducing the amount of cholesterol stored in body ...
... - Important in removing Cholesterol from Tissues,thereby reducing the amount of cholesterol stored in body ...
STUDY GUIDE: GLYCOLYSIS, FERMENTATION AND ANAEROBIC
... aerobic respiration and photosynthesis in eukaryotic cells. Include in your discussion the major reactions, the end products and energy transfers. (1982 AP Exam question) 2. Explain how the molecular reactions of cellular respiration transform the chemical bond energy of krebs cycle substrates into ...
... aerobic respiration and photosynthesis in eukaryotic cells. Include in your discussion the major reactions, the end products and energy transfers. (1982 AP Exam question) 2. Explain how the molecular reactions of cellular respiration transform the chemical bond energy of krebs cycle substrates into ...
Review Problems #2 (Enzyme Review, Phosphatases
... structure of chorismate? What are the three immediate products derived from chorismate that constitute the first unique steps in the synthesis of the three aromatic amino acids? 3) From where are the two carbons of the five-membered ring of tryptophan derived? Be specific. (Show the molecule and hig ...
... structure of chorismate? What are the three immediate products derived from chorismate that constitute the first unique steps in the synthesis of the three aromatic amino acids? 3) From where are the two carbons of the five-membered ring of tryptophan derived? Be specific. (Show the molecule and hig ...
Lecture 13: Krebs` Cycle / Citric Acid
... The pentose phosphate pathway occurs in the cytoplasm outside the mitochondria and it is an alternative pathway to glycolysis and Kreb’s cycle. The presence of some compounds like iodoacetate, fluorides, arsenates etc. inhibit some steps in glycolysis and that leads to the alternate pathway. This pa ...
... The pentose phosphate pathway occurs in the cytoplasm outside the mitochondria and it is an alternative pathway to glycolysis and Kreb’s cycle. The presence of some compounds like iodoacetate, fluorides, arsenates etc. inhibit some steps in glycolysis and that leads to the alternate pathway. This pa ...
Final Exam Study Guide: Chapter 16: Citric Acid Cycle
... catalyzes this reaction and provide the formulas of the reactants and products of this reaction. ...
... catalyzes this reaction and provide the formulas of the reactants and products of this reaction. ...
Biochemistry of Cardiac Muscle and Lung
... Myoglobin (2 hours) has low specificity for MI – it is high when muscle tissue is damaged but it lacks specificity. ...
... Myoglobin (2 hours) has low specificity for MI – it is high when muscle tissue is damaged but it lacks specificity. ...
In Word
... oxygen. These four elements constitute about 95% of your body weight. 2. Chemistry of carbon allows the formation of an enormous variety of organic molecules. 3. Organic molecules have carbon and hydrogen; determine structure and function of living things. 4. Inorganic molecules do not contain carbo ...
... oxygen. These four elements constitute about 95% of your body weight. 2. Chemistry of carbon allows the formation of an enormous variety of organic molecules. 3. Organic molecules have carbon and hydrogen; determine structure and function of living things. 4. Inorganic molecules do not contain carbo ...
Biology I Honors Chapter 3 Biochemistry I. Cells Contain Organic
... oxygen. These four elements constitute about 95% of your body weight. 2. Chemistry of carbon allows the formation of an enormous variety of organic molecules. 3. Organic molecules have carbon and hydrogen; determine structure and function of living things. 4. Inorganic molecules do not contain carbo ...
... oxygen. These four elements constitute about 95% of your body weight. 2. Chemistry of carbon allows the formation of an enormous variety of organic molecules. 3. Organic molecules have carbon and hydrogen; determine structure and function of living things. 4. Inorganic molecules do not contain carbo ...
CHAPTER 26: Lipid Metabolism - Richest energy source
... - Your fat now is enough for you to starve for 30 – 40 days, if you have water - Contrast to the amount of glycogen in your liver (stored carbs) can last only 1 day - Adipose tissue – fat-storage cells (most of cytoplasm is fat globule) -- swell or shrink depending on fat content -- located just ben ...
... - Your fat now is enough for you to starve for 30 – 40 days, if you have water - Contrast to the amount of glycogen in your liver (stored carbs) can last only 1 day - Adipose tissue – fat-storage cells (most of cytoplasm is fat globule) -- swell or shrink depending on fat content -- located just ben ...
CHAPTER 26: Lipid Metabolism
... - Your fat now is enough for you to starve for 30 – 40 days, if you have water - Contrast to the amount of glycogen in your liver (stored carbs) can last only 1 day - Adipose tissue – fat-storage cells (most of cytoplasm is fat globule) -- swell or shrink depending on fat content -- located just ben ...
... - Your fat now is enough for you to starve for 30 – 40 days, if you have water - Contrast to the amount of glycogen in your liver (stored carbs) can last only 1 day - Adipose tissue – fat-storage cells (most of cytoplasm is fat globule) -- swell or shrink depending on fat content -- located just ben ...
Student Version
... a mash. This mash is then mixed with hot water, and some fermentation begins. After being further treated, the liquid is transferred to a fermentation vessel, where yeast is added to the mixture. This yeast “eats” the sugar present in the mash and converts it into carbon dioxide and alcohol. After a ...
... a mash. This mash is then mixed with hot water, and some fermentation begins. After being further treated, the liquid is transferred to a fermentation vessel, where yeast is added to the mixture. This yeast “eats” the sugar present in the mash and converts it into carbon dioxide and alcohol. After a ...
Peroxisomal oxidation of fatty acids
... carnitine by Carnityl acyl transferase I (CAT-I), then the fatty acyl-Carnitine ester is transported in the mitochondra. 2. In mitochondria, FA is transferred to mitochondral CoA by CAT-II, and the Fatty acyl-CoA thus formed is ready for oxidation pathway. Cytosolic and mitochondrial CoA pools have ...
... carnitine by Carnityl acyl transferase I (CAT-I), then the fatty acyl-Carnitine ester is transported in the mitochondra. 2. In mitochondria, FA is transferred to mitochondral CoA by CAT-II, and the Fatty acyl-CoA thus formed is ready for oxidation pathway. Cytosolic and mitochondrial CoA pools have ...
BIO 101 Worksheet Metabolism and Cellular Respiration
... 3. _______ A 6 carbon sugar is oxidized in glycolysis 4. _______ CO2 is a waste product of glycolysis 5. _______ sugar + NAD+ pyruvate + NADH + 2 ATP represents glycolysis 6. _______ Glycolysis leads to fermentation in some bacteria and yeast 7. _______ Glycolysis involves an energy pay-off and th ...
... 3. _______ A 6 carbon sugar is oxidized in glycolysis 4. _______ CO2 is a waste product of glycolysis 5. _______ sugar + NAD+ pyruvate + NADH + 2 ATP represents glycolysis 6. _______ Glycolysis leads to fermentation in some bacteria and yeast 7. _______ Glycolysis involves an energy pay-off and th ...
Chapter 15 Acids & Bases
... Ex: Water as a base: H3PO4 (aq) + H2O (l) ↔ H3O+ (aq) + H2PO4- (aq) Ex: Water as an acid: NH3 (g) + H2O (l) ↔ NH4+ (aq) + OH- (aq) ...
... Ex: Water as a base: H3PO4 (aq) + H2O (l) ↔ H3O+ (aq) + H2PO4- (aq) Ex: Water as an acid: NH3 (g) + H2O (l) ↔ NH4+ (aq) + OH- (aq) ...
Phenyllactic Acid: A Potential Antimicrobial Compound in Lactic acid
... [28,29,30]. The transamination reaction is mediated by aromatic amino acid transferase (AAT) which has broad substrate specificity including leucine, tyrosine and methionine [31]. The enzyme AAT transfer the amino acid group from phenyl alanine to any suitable ά-keto-acid preferably ά-ketoglutarate ...
... [28,29,30]. The transamination reaction is mediated by aromatic amino acid transferase (AAT) which has broad substrate specificity including leucine, tyrosine and methionine [31]. The enzyme AAT transfer the amino acid group from phenyl alanine to any suitable ά-keto-acid preferably ά-ketoglutarate ...
Powerpoint Slides for Chapter Seven
... losing a carbon in the process. (acetyl CoA) Inside the mitochondria, the two carbon piece left from the sugar is converted to carbon dioxide, water, and lots of ATP (TCA & ETS) ...
... losing a carbon in the process. (acetyl CoA) Inside the mitochondria, the two carbon piece left from the sugar is converted to carbon dioxide, water, and lots of ATP (TCA & ETS) ...
DNA / RNA blue print of life PPT
... DNA might be damaged! mRNA components are reused To copy more messages ...
... DNA might be damaged! mRNA components are reused To copy more messages ...
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis
... Citrate Shuttle • FAs are synthesized in the cytoplasm from acetylCoA • AcetylCoA generated from pyruvate by the action of PDH and by β-oxidation of fatty acids is in the mitochondria. • For fatty acid biosynthesis, acetylCoA has to be transported from the mitochondria to the cytoplasm. This is done ...
... Citrate Shuttle • FAs are synthesized in the cytoplasm from acetylCoA • AcetylCoA generated from pyruvate by the action of PDH and by β-oxidation of fatty acids is in the mitochondria. • For fatty acid biosynthesis, acetylCoA has to be transported from the mitochondria to the cytoplasm. This is done ...
Lecture 9: Citric Acid Cycle/Fatty Acid Catabolism
... Metabolism Lecture 9 — CITRIC ACID CYCLE/FATTY ACID CATABOLISM — Restricted for students enrolled in MCB102, UC Berkeley, Spring 2008 ONLY ...
... Metabolism Lecture 9 — CITRIC ACID CYCLE/FATTY ACID CATABOLISM — Restricted for students enrolled in MCB102, UC Berkeley, Spring 2008 ONLY ...
Available
... production of urea is more than recovered by the release of energy formed during the synthesis of the urea cycle intermediates. Ammonia released during the glutamate dehydrogenase reaction is coupled to the formation of NADH. In addition, when fumarate is converted back to aspartate, the malate dehy ...
... production of urea is more than recovered by the release of energy formed during the synthesis of the urea cycle intermediates. Ammonia released during the glutamate dehydrogenase reaction is coupled to the formation of NADH. In addition, when fumarate is converted back to aspartate, the malate dehy ...
Butyric acid
Butyric acid (from Greek βούτῡρον, meaning ""butter""), also known under the systematic name butanoic acid, abbreviated BTA, is a carboxylic acid with the structural formula CH3CH2CH2-COOH. Salts and esters of butyric acid are known as butyrates or butanoates. Butyric acid is found in milk, especially goat, sheep and buffalo milk, butter, parmesan cheese, and as a product of anaerobic fermentation (including in the colon and as body odor). It has an unpleasant smell and acrid taste, with a sweetish aftertaste (similar to ether). It can be detected by mammals with good scent detection abilities (such as dogs) at 10 parts per billion, whereas humans can detect it in concentrations above 10 parts per million.Butyric acid is present in, and is the main distinctive smell of, human vomit.Butyric acid was first observed (in impure form) in 1814 by the French chemist Michel Eugène Chevreul. By 1818, he had purified it sufficiently to characterize it. The name of butyric acid comes from the Latin word for butter, butyrum (or buturum), the substance in which butyric acid was first found.