Amphibolic nature of Krebs Cycle
... Intermediates are brought for degradation in….. reactions; i.e reactions that replace cyclic intermediates. Anaplerotic pathways are a set of metabolic reactions which replenish the central metabolic pathway ...
... Intermediates are brought for degradation in….. reactions; i.e reactions that replace cyclic intermediates. Anaplerotic pathways are a set of metabolic reactions which replenish the central metabolic pathway ...
Chapter-14 - NCERT Help
... Biological oxidation : Oxidation in a series of reaction inside a cell. Cytochromes : A group of iron containing compounds of electron transport system present in inner wall of mitochondria. Dehydrogenase : Enzyme that catalyses removal of H atom from the substrate. Electron acceptor : Organic compo ...
... Biological oxidation : Oxidation in a series of reaction inside a cell. Cytochromes : A group of iron containing compounds of electron transport system present in inner wall of mitochondria. Dehydrogenase : Enzyme that catalyses removal of H atom from the substrate. Electron acceptor : Organic compo ...
Chapter 19 Lipid Metabolism
... →When the ketone bodies are used for fuel, they are converted back to acetyl-CoA which enters the TCA cycle. → Diabetics produce acetoacetate faster than can be metabolized, so their breath will smell like acetone. → A high amount of ketone bodies in the blood can lead to ketosis (acidosis) over tim ...
... →When the ketone bodies are used for fuel, they are converted back to acetyl-CoA which enters the TCA cycle. → Diabetics produce acetoacetate faster than can be metabolized, so their breath will smell like acetone. → A high amount of ketone bodies in the blood can lead to ketosis (acidosis) over tim ...
BCHM 463 Supplemental Problems for Friday, April 9, 2004 1. a
... 7. Compare the relative efficiencies (in ATP’s per glucose oxidized) of glucose oxidation via glycolysis + the citric acid cycle vs. glucose oxidation via the pentose phosphate pathway + glycolysis. (Assume that NADH and NADPH are each equivalent to three ATPs and that FADH is equivalent to 2 ATPs.) ...
... 7. Compare the relative efficiencies (in ATP’s per glucose oxidized) of glucose oxidation via glycolysis + the citric acid cycle vs. glucose oxidation via the pentose phosphate pathway + glycolysis. (Assume that NADH and NADPH are each equivalent to three ATPs and that FADH is equivalent to 2 ATPs.) ...
Question paper - Edexcel
... *(iii) At 298 K, the acid in ant stings has a concentration of 6.00 × 10–3 mol dm–3 and a pH of 3.01. Calculate the value of Ka for methanoic acid at 298 K. State clearly any assumptions that you have made. ...
... *(iii) At 298 K, the acid in ant stings has a concentration of 6.00 × 10–3 mol dm–3 and a pH of 3.01. Calculate the value of Ka for methanoic acid at 298 K. State clearly any assumptions that you have made. ...
An outline of glycolysis. Each of the 10 steps shown is catalyzed by
... Mitochondria are present in nearly all eukaryotic cells and it is in these organelles that most of cell’s ATP is generated. When glucose converted to pyruvate by glycolysis, less than 10% of total free energy potentially available from the glucose is released. In mitochondria, the metabolism of suga ...
... Mitochondria are present in nearly all eukaryotic cells and it is in these organelles that most of cell’s ATP is generated. When glucose converted to pyruvate by glycolysis, less than 10% of total free energy potentially available from the glucose is released. In mitochondria, the metabolism of suga ...
Document
... - running speed depends upon rate of ATP production - a 100 m sprint (~10 sec) is powered by stored ATP, creatine phosphate, and anaerobic glycolysis. - but in a 1000 m run (~132 sec) creatine phosphate would be depleted and anaerobic glycolysis cannot last this long because NAD+ supplies would also ...
... - running speed depends upon rate of ATP production - a 100 m sprint (~10 sec) is powered by stored ATP, creatine phosphate, and anaerobic glycolysis. - but in a 1000 m run (~132 sec) creatine phosphate would be depleted and anaerobic glycolysis cannot last this long because NAD+ supplies would also ...
Ch20.2 Amino-acids-degradation and synthesis
... Phenylketonuria (PKU), caused by a deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase (Figure 20.15), PKU is the most common clinically encountered inborn error of amino acid metabolism (prevalence 1:15,000). Biochemically, it is characterized by accumulation of phenylalanine (and a deficiency of tyrosine) ...
... Phenylketonuria (PKU), caused by a deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase (Figure 20.15), PKU is the most common clinically encountered inborn error of amino acid metabolism (prevalence 1:15,000). Biochemically, it is characterized by accumulation of phenylalanine (and a deficiency of tyrosine) ...
Oxidative Phosphorylation
... is a map that shows components of a pathways of metabolism It is useful in tracing connections between pathways ...
... is a map that shows components of a pathways of metabolism It is useful in tracing connections between pathways ...
Cell Respiration (Smith 2010-11).
... B. Transport work–supplies energy to transport substances across the cell membrane. What do we call this? C. Mechanical work–supplies energy to allow muscle contraction, separation of chromosomes etc. D. ATP is used in almost every function of the cell ...
... B. Transport work–supplies energy to transport substances across the cell membrane. What do we call this? C. Mechanical work–supplies energy to allow muscle contraction, separation of chromosomes etc. D. ATP is used in almost every function of the cell ...
the Four Stages of Biochemical Energy Production
... Citric acid cycle – For every glucose, two acetyl groups enter the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle) • Each two-carbon acetyl group combines with a fourcarbon compound • Two CO2 molecules are removed (why is this important?) • Energy captured as 1 ATP, 3 NADH, and 1 FADH2 form from each acetyl group ...
... Citric acid cycle – For every glucose, two acetyl groups enter the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle) • Each two-carbon acetyl group combines with a fourcarbon compound • Two CO2 molecules are removed (why is this important?) • Energy captured as 1 ATP, 3 NADH, and 1 FADH2 form from each acetyl group ...
Amino Acid Analysis
... For a very fast amino acid analysis LCTech offer different application kits. Thus protein, collagen and oxidized feed hydrolysates can be handled in 33 minutes and physiological samples in 70 minutes. Using the kits you are able to reduce consumption of reagents and parallely costs for the analysis ...
... For a very fast amino acid analysis LCTech offer different application kits. Thus protein, collagen and oxidized feed hydrolysates can be handled in 33 minutes and physiological samples in 70 minutes. Using the kits you are able to reduce consumption of reagents and parallely costs for the analysis ...
Fatty Acid Catabolism
... • Total: 106 ATP, or 6.625 ATP per carbon • Compare to glucose, which is 5.33 ATP per C ...
... • Total: 106 ATP, or 6.625 ATP per carbon • Compare to glucose, which is 5.33 ATP per C ...
3-3.1 Indole Alkaloids
... Keller’s test: Solution of the alkaloids in acetic acid with traces of FeCl3 + concentrated H2SO4 on the wall of the test tube → blue layer is formed between the two phases. ...
... Keller’s test: Solution of the alkaloids in acetic acid with traces of FeCl3 + concentrated H2SO4 on the wall of the test tube → blue layer is formed between the two phases. ...
Exam Name___________________________________
... B) a 70:30 mixture of enantiomeric alditols results. C) a 50:50 mixture of enantiomeric alditols results. D) a meso alditol is produced. E) the product mixture contains two diastereomeric alditols. ...
... B) a 70:30 mixture of enantiomeric alditols results. C) a 50:50 mixture of enantiomeric alditols results. D) a meso alditol is produced. E) the product mixture contains two diastereomeric alditols. ...
R-lipoic acid inhibits mammalian pyruvate
... synthase phosphorylation and partial restoration by (R)-alpha-lipoic acid Aging is the single largest risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, which in turn are the leading cause of death of individuals over the age of 65 years. In part, this risk is due to a profound loss of vasomotor function of t ...
... synthase phosphorylation and partial restoration by (R)-alpha-lipoic acid Aging is the single largest risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, which in turn are the leading cause of death of individuals over the age of 65 years. In part, this risk is due to a profound loss of vasomotor function of t ...
Cellular respiration
... 4. Pryuvate (3 C) is converted into acetate (2 C) and releases CO2. 5. Acetate + coenzyme A yields Acetyl Coenzyme A (Acetyl-CoA). 6. Acetyl-CoA (2 C) + oxaloacetate (4 C) => citric acid (6 C). 7. Each Acetyl-CoA releases 2 CO2. A total of 6 per glucose molecule. 8. Chemical reactions of citric acid ...
... 4. Pryuvate (3 C) is converted into acetate (2 C) and releases CO2. 5. Acetate + coenzyme A yields Acetyl Coenzyme A (Acetyl-CoA). 6. Acetyl-CoA (2 C) + oxaloacetate (4 C) => citric acid (6 C). 7. Each Acetyl-CoA releases 2 CO2. A total of 6 per glucose molecule. 8. Chemical reactions of citric acid ...
Methods of industrial production
... because regulatory mechanisms control amino acid synthesis in an because regulatory mechanisms control amino acid synthesis in an economical way so that the needs of the cell (for protein synthesis) are exactly matched by the synthetic processes. • There are no surplus amino acids and only a small ...
... because regulatory mechanisms control amino acid synthesis in an because regulatory mechanisms control amino acid synthesis in an economical way so that the needs of the cell (for protein synthesis) are exactly matched by the synthetic processes. • There are no surplus amino acids and only a small ...
ENERGY SYSTEMS
... Triglycerides (fats) are broken down by enzymes termed lipases into free fatty acids (FFA) and glycerol and used as an energy fuel within the aerobic system FFA are broken down into Acetyl CoA, which enters and is broken down by the Krebs Cycle and the ETC in the process termed beta-oxidation FFA pr ...
... Triglycerides (fats) are broken down by enzymes termed lipases into free fatty acids (FFA) and glycerol and used as an energy fuel within the aerobic system FFA are broken down into Acetyl CoA, which enters and is broken down by the Krebs Cycle and the ETC in the process termed beta-oxidation FFA pr ...
MTC15 - toddgreen
... Starch is an α-D-glucose polysaccharide used for energy storage and has two different forms: amylose and amylopectin (roughly 1:3 ratio) Amylose is linear and joined by 1α-4 linkages Amylopectin is branched with branches forming 1α-6 linkages Glycogen is another branched polysaccharide (with similar ...
... Starch is an α-D-glucose polysaccharide used for energy storage and has two different forms: amylose and amylopectin (roughly 1:3 ratio) Amylose is linear and joined by 1α-4 linkages Amylopectin is branched with branches forming 1α-6 linkages Glycogen is another branched polysaccharide (with similar ...
Read the following text! TEXT A Organic chemistry is a subdiscipline
... functions as a plant hormone. In addition to being an important active metabolite of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), which acts in part as a prodrug to salicylic acid, it is probably best known for its use in anti-acne treatments. The salts and esters of salicylic acid are known as salicylates. Carb ...
... functions as a plant hormone. In addition to being an important active metabolite of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), which acts in part as a prodrug to salicylic acid, it is probably best known for its use in anti-acne treatments. The salts and esters of salicylic acid are known as salicylates. Carb ...
PVC - Electrochemical.net
... The elasticity of Duro-Bond PVC Lining allows thermal contraction and expansion without cracking and also minimizes the possible damaging effects of mechanical abuse. Because of its flexibility, bonding is obtained without difficulty, even on intricate contours. Duro-Bond PVC Lining is applied in sh ...
... The elasticity of Duro-Bond PVC Lining allows thermal contraction and expansion without cracking and also minimizes the possible damaging effects of mechanical abuse. Because of its flexibility, bonding is obtained without difficulty, even on intricate contours. Duro-Bond PVC Lining is applied in sh ...
CK12 Homework Sections 1.27 to 1.30 Section 1.27 Glycolysis 1
... Most living things use oxygen to make ATP from glucose. However, many living things can also make ATP without oxygen. This is true of some plants and fungi and also of many bacteria. These organisms use aerobic respiration when oxygen is present, but when oxygen is in short supply, they use anaerobi ...
... Most living things use oxygen to make ATP from glucose. However, many living things can also make ATP without oxygen. This is true of some plants and fungi and also of many bacteria. These organisms use aerobic respiration when oxygen is present, but when oxygen is in short supply, they use anaerobi ...
Hyaluronic Acid in Dermatology and Dermocosmetics
... Chronoageing is a continuous and natural process which starts at about 25 years of age: in this period the production of collagen, elastin and hyaluronic acid slows down; cell exchange becomes slower, and the thickness of the corneal layer increases. This all leads to the appearance of classic signs ...
... Chronoageing is a continuous and natural process which starts at about 25 years of age: in this period the production of collagen, elastin and hyaluronic acid slows down; cell exchange becomes slower, and the thickness of the corneal layer increases. This all leads to the appearance of classic signs ...
Butyric acid
Butyric acid (from Greek βούτῡρον, meaning ""butter""), also known under the systematic name butanoic acid, abbreviated BTA, is a carboxylic acid with the structural formula CH3CH2CH2-COOH. Salts and esters of butyric acid are known as butyrates or butanoates. Butyric acid is found in milk, especially goat, sheep and buffalo milk, butter, parmesan cheese, and as a product of anaerobic fermentation (including in the colon and as body odor). It has an unpleasant smell and acrid taste, with a sweetish aftertaste (similar to ether). It can be detected by mammals with good scent detection abilities (such as dogs) at 10 parts per billion, whereas humans can detect it in concentrations above 10 parts per million.Butyric acid is present in, and is the main distinctive smell of, human vomit.Butyric acid was first observed (in impure form) in 1814 by the French chemist Michel Eugène Chevreul. By 1818, he had purified it sufficiently to characterize it. The name of butyric acid comes from the Latin word for butter, butyrum (or buturum), the substance in which butyric acid was first found.