Unit 7: Evolution - Blue Valley Schools
... shapes and proportions of their bones. However, analysis of several genes in these species suggests that all three diverged from a common ancestor at about the same time. Which of the following is the best explanation for these data? A. Whales are not properly defined as mammals. B. Genes mutate mor ...
... shapes and proportions of their bones. However, analysis of several genes in these species suggests that all three diverged from a common ancestor at about the same time. Which of the following is the best explanation for these data? A. Whales are not properly defined as mammals. B. Genes mutate mor ...
Natural Selection Notes (15.3)
... Natural Selection Nature acts to select the individuals that are best ____________ for survival and reproduction in a particular ____________ ...
... Natural Selection Nature acts to select the individuals that are best ____________ for survival and reproduction in a particular ____________ ...
Darwin and Natural Selection PPT Lecture
... • Darwin wrote an essay on natural selection but did not publish it ...
... • Darwin wrote an essay on natural selection but did not publish it ...
Darwin`s Observations
... success in passing genes to the next generation. It is not just about survival, but also passing on your genes ...
... success in passing genes to the next generation. It is not just about survival, but also passing on your genes ...
Review
... Genetic terms Phenotype vs genotype Genes vs alleles Evolutionary fitness (an individual’s genetic contribution to next generation) Stickleback plating is controlled by a codominant gene (you can see the heterozygote) cc = completely plated cl = partially plated ll – low plated Tradeoff between fas ...
... Genetic terms Phenotype vs genotype Genes vs alleles Evolutionary fitness (an individual’s genetic contribution to next generation) Stickleback plating is controlled by a codominant gene (you can see the heterozygote) cc = completely plated cl = partially plated ll – low plated Tradeoff between fas ...
Phylogeny and Systematics
... organisms Traditionally have used morphological and biochemical resemblances (homologous structures, etc.) ***Molecular systematics – Compares DNA and RNA to infer evolutionary relationships ...
... organisms Traditionally have used morphological and biochemical resemblances (homologous structures, etc.) ***Molecular systematics – Compares DNA and RNA to infer evolutionary relationships ...
chapter 1 - cloudfront.net
... SECTION 16-2 1. Is the following sentence true or false? Natural selection on single-gene traits cannot lead to changes in allele frequencies.____ 2. If a trait made an organism less likely to survive and reproduce, what would happen to the allele for that trait? _____________ ______________________ ...
... SECTION 16-2 1. Is the following sentence true or false? Natural selection on single-gene traits cannot lead to changes in allele frequencies.____ 2. If a trait made an organism less likely to survive and reproduce, what would happen to the allele for that trait? _____________ ______________________ ...
Organic evolution
... tend to stay within certain limits • Conclusion: not all offspring produced survive • Conclusion: there is a “struggle for existence” going on in all species ...
... tend to stay within certain limits • Conclusion: not all offspring produced survive • Conclusion: there is a “struggle for existence” going on in all species ...
WHAT DOES *EVOLUTION* MEAN?
... 1. All members of a species are NOT alike as Lamarck said. Great variation normally and naturally exists within a species. 2. Organisms cannot change most of their basic physical traits at will, even if survival depends on It. They cannot “adapt” because they need to. For example giraffes cannot mak ...
... 1. All members of a species are NOT alike as Lamarck said. Great variation normally and naturally exists within a species. 2. Organisms cannot change most of their basic physical traits at will, even if survival depends on It. They cannot “adapt” because they need to. For example giraffes cannot mak ...
CH 3
... occur during DNA replication, producing a “replica” that is different from the original ...
... occur during DNA replication, producing a “replica” that is different from the original ...
Chapter 13
... Directional selection occurs when individuals at one extreme of the range of distribution of a characteristic are selected for. This results in subsequent populations showing more individuals with the characteristic at this end of the range of distribution. A shift in gene frequency occurs. Disrupti ...
... Directional selection occurs when individuals at one extreme of the range of distribution of a characteristic are selected for. This results in subsequent populations showing more individuals with the characteristic at this end of the range of distribution. A shift in gene frequency occurs. Disrupti ...
Evidence of Evolution
... Darwin’s Evidence What types of evidence did Darwin use to support his theory? › Today’s species are related to extinct species ⚫ Fossils show changes in species over time ⚫ Use of fossils and Relative Dating ...
... Darwin’s Evidence What types of evidence did Darwin use to support his theory? › Today’s species are related to extinct species ⚫ Fossils show changes in species over time ⚫ Use of fossils and Relative Dating ...
Evolution PPT
... suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully ◦ Natural selection allows for survival of the fittest because only certain individuals in a population produce new individuals ◦ Over time, natural selection results in changes in the inherited characteristics of a population. ◦ Th ...
... suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully ◦ Natural selection allows for survival of the fittest because only certain individuals in a population produce new individuals ◦ Over time, natural selection results in changes in the inherited characteristics of a population. ◦ Th ...
Evolution: Did it begin with Origin of the Species?
... Uniformitarianism • Charles Lyell (1797-1875) • Incorporated gradualism into his theory of uniformitarianism • Rate at which geological processes occur has stayed the same throughout Earth’s history • These rates meant Earth had to be older than 6,000 years ...
... Uniformitarianism • Charles Lyell (1797-1875) • Incorporated gradualism into his theory of uniformitarianism • Rate at which geological processes occur has stayed the same throughout Earth’s history • These rates meant Earth had to be older than 6,000 years ...
Chapter 22 Natural selection: process in which organisms with
... having this guy come up with theories similar to his and living up what Darwin wished he could. 10. Explain what Darwin meant by “descent with modification”. It was his way of saying evolution without actually saying it. He believed that as descendants of ancestral organisms lived through various ha ...
... having this guy come up with theories similar to his and living up what Darwin wished he could. 10. Explain what Darwin meant by “descent with modification”. It was his way of saying evolution without actually saying it. He believed that as descendants of ancestral organisms lived through various ha ...
Early Humans
... Darwin was an English naturalist who took a voyage on the HSM Beagle, off the coast of South America (Galapagos Islands), and kept records and fossils of what he saw. Darwin thought that all living things were________related____________. 2. How does evolution really work? Evolution works through ...
... Darwin was an English naturalist who took a voyage on the HSM Beagle, off the coast of South America (Galapagos Islands), and kept records and fossils of what he saw. Darwin thought that all living things were________related____________. 2. How does evolution really work? Evolution works through ...
Darwin and the Theory of Evolution
... 6. What three things affect natural selection? ______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ...
... 6. What three things affect natural selection? ______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ...
解析高中生物課程 之演化和分類學
... does not provide information about ancestry Biogeography p62 z Darwin＇s observations of biogeography, the geographic distribution of species, formed an important part of his theory of evolution z Islands have many endemic 某地特有的 species that are often closely related to species on the nearest mainl ...
... does not provide information about ancestry Biogeography p62 z Darwin＇s observations of biogeography, the geographic distribution of species, formed an important part of his theory of evolution z Islands have many endemic 某地特有的 species that are often closely related to species on the nearest mainl ...
AP Biology Chapter 13: How Poopulations Evolve
... 1. Summarize the views of the following people or groups with regards to the origin of life: Aristotle & Judeo-Christian religion. 2. In December of 1831, Charles Darwin sailed on the HMS Beagle to the S. American coastline. What did Charles Lyell write that influenced Darwin’s thoughts on evolution ...
... 1. Summarize the views of the following people or groups with regards to the origin of life: Aristotle & Judeo-Christian religion. 2. In December of 1831, Charles Darwin sailed on the HMS Beagle to the S. American coastline. What did Charles Lyell write that influenced Darwin’s thoughts on evolution ...
On the Origin of Species
... inhabiting Earth today descended from ancestral species. - As organisms spread over various habitats, they are modified or changed by accumulating adaptations to diverse ways of life - AKA evolution: a change in the genetic composition of a population over time. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
... inhabiting Earth today descended from ancestral species. - As organisms spread over various habitats, they are modified or changed by accumulating adaptations to diverse ways of life - AKA evolution: a change in the genetic composition of a population over time. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
Evolution Notes
... 7. Variation = appearance of an inherited traits that makes an individual different from other members of the same species. Ex: blonde, brown, black, & red hair are all natural variations of human hair color. - Mutations in DNA are what cause variations to happen. 8. Population = group of organisms ...
... 7. Variation = appearance of an inherited traits that makes an individual different from other members of the same species. Ex: blonde, brown, black, & red hair are all natural variations of human hair color. - Mutations in DNA are what cause variations to happen. 8. Population = group of organisms ...
Evolution Notes
... his work in a book, On the Origin of Species. • In his book, he proposed a mechanism for evolution called natural selection. • He stated that evolution has been taking place for millions of years, & continues in all living things ...
... his work in a book, On the Origin of Species. • In his book, he proposed a mechanism for evolution called natural selection. • He stated that evolution has been taking place for millions of years, & continues in all living things ...
Observations - Glenelg High School
... would increase exponentially if all individuals that are born reproduced successfully Observation #2: Nonetheless, populations tend to be stable in size except for seasonal fluctuations Observation #3: Resources are limited Inference #1: Production of more individuals than the environment can ...
... would increase exponentially if all individuals that are born reproduced successfully Observation #2: Nonetheless, populations tend to be stable in size except for seasonal fluctuations Observation #3: Resources are limited Inference #1: Production of more individuals than the environment can ...
Evolution
Evolution is change in the heritable traits of biological populations over successive generations. Evolutionary processes give rise to diversity at every level of biological organisation, including the levels of species, individual organisms, and molecules.All of life on earth shares a common ancestor known as the last universal ancestor, which lived approximately 3.5–3.8 billion years ago. Repeated formation of new species (speciation), change within species (anagenesis), and loss of species (extinction) throughout the evolutionary history of life on Earth are demonstrated by shared sets of morphological and biochemical traits, including shared DNA sequences. These shared traits are more similar among species that share a more recent common ancestor, and can be used to reconstruct a biological ""tree of life"" based on evolutionary relationships (phylogenetics), using both existing species and fossils. The fossil record includes a progression from early biogenic graphite, to microbial mat fossils, to fossilized multicellular organisms. Existing patterns of biodiversity have been shaped both by speciation and by extinction. More than 99 percent of all species that ever lived on Earth are estimated to be extinct. Estimates of Earth's current species range from 10 to 14 million, of which about 1.2 million have been documented.In the mid-19th century, Charles Darwin formulated the scientific theory of evolution by natural selection, published in his book On the Origin of Species (1859). Evolution by natural selection is a process demonstrated by the observation that more offspring are produced than can possibly survive, along with three facts about populations: 1) traits vary among individuals with respect to morphology, physiology, and behaviour (phenotypic variation), 2) different traits confer different rates of survival and reproduction (differential fitness), and 3) traits can be passed from generation to generation (heritability of fitness). Thus, in successive generations members of a population are replaced by progeny of parents better adapted to survive and reproduce in the biophysical environment in which natural selection takes place. This teleonomy is the quality whereby the process of natural selection creates and preserves traits that are seemingly fitted for the functional roles they perform. Natural selection is the only known cause of adaptation but not the only known cause of evolution. Other, nonadaptive causes of microevolution include mutation and genetic drift.In the early 20th century the modern evolutionary synthesis integrated classical genetics with Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection through the discipline of population genetics. The importance of natural selection as a cause of evolution was accepted into other branches of biology. Moreover, previously held notions about evolution, such as orthogenesis, evolutionism, and other beliefs about innate ""progress"" within the largest-scale trends in evolution, became obsolete scientific theories. Scientists continue to study various aspects of evolutionary biology by forming and testing hypotheses, constructing mathematical models of theoretical biology and biological theories, using observational data, and performing experiments in both the field and the laboratory. Evolution is a cornerstone of modern science, accepted as one of the most reliably established of all facts and theories of science, based on evidence not just from the biological sciences but also from anthropology, psychology, astrophysics, chemistry, geology, physics, mathematics, and other scientific disciplines, as well as behavioral and social sciences. Understanding of evolution has made significant contributions to humanity, including the prevention and treatment of human disease, new agricultural products, industrial innovations, a subfield of computer science, and rapid advances in life sciences. Discoveries in evolutionary biology have made a significant impact not just in the traditional branches of biology but also in other academic disciplines (e.g., biological anthropology and evolutionary psychology) and in society at large.