Download Review Guide Ch. 7 CP

CP BIO
CH. 7 CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
These are topics and vocabulary terms covered in this chapter which may appear on the chapter test.
See chapter guide, warm-ups, quick reviews, and text chapter 7 parts 1 and 2
7. 1 Life is Cellular
 Cell theory – early contributors
o Hooke, von Leeuwenhoek, Brown
o Schleiden, Schwann, Virchow
 Cell Theory – 3 parts
 Cell size – why are all cells small?
o Exchange with environment and supply all parts of cell
o Large surface area-to-volume ratio
 Two kinds of cells – prokaryote and eukaryote – cell parts they both have
 Prokaryotic – organisms, advantages of this type
o Parts: membrane, DNA, ribosomes, cytoplasm
o Nucleoid, one chromosome, cell wall
o In some: pili, capsule, plasmids
7.2 Cell Structure
 Eukaryotic – organisms, advantages of this type
 Organelles – inside chemistry separate from rest of cell
o Fast and efficient chemical processes
 Organelles that control the cell
o Nucleus, chromatin, nuclear envelope
 Organelles that build proteins
o Nucleolus, ribosomes, rough ER, smooth ER, Golgi body
 Organelles that capture and release energy
o Mitochondria, chloroplasts, leukoplasts, chromoplasts
 Organelles that store and clean up
o Vacuole, vesicle, contractile vacuole, lysosome
 Cytoskeleton
o Microtubules, microfilaments
o Cilia, flagella, centrioles, spindle fibers
 Cell boundaries – cell walls, cell junctions
 Differences in plant and animal cells
 Endosymbiosis Theory – how eukaryotes may have evolved