* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download LSU Seminar Neuroscience Center of Excellence
Long-term depression wikipedia , lookup
Clinical neurochemistry wikipedia , lookup
Cortical cooling wikipedia , lookup
Caridoid escape reaction wikipedia , lookup
Apical dendrite wikipedia , lookup
Effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance wikipedia , lookup
Binding problem wikipedia , lookup
Nonsynaptic plasticity wikipedia , lookup
Neuropsychopharmacology wikipedia , lookup
Sensory cue wikipedia , lookup
Premovement neuronal activity wikipedia , lookup
Central pattern generator wikipedia , lookup
Time perception wikipedia , lookup
Optogenetics wikipedia , lookup
Environmental enrichment wikipedia , lookup
Development of the nervous system wikipedia , lookup
Sensory substitution wikipedia , lookup
Stimulus (physiology) wikipedia , lookup
Synaptic gating wikipedia , lookup
Visual search wikipedia , lookup
Channelrhodopsin wikipedia , lookup
Activity-dependent plasticity wikipedia , lookup
Visual selective attention in dementia wikipedia , lookup
Visual memory wikipedia , lookup
Visual extinction wikipedia , lookup
Neuroplasticity wikipedia , lookup
Chemical synapse wikipedia , lookup
Neuroesthetics wikipedia , lookup
Visual servoing wikipedia , lookup
Neural correlates of consciousness wikipedia , lookup
C1 and P1 (neuroscience) wikipedia , lookup
LSU Health Sciences Center Neuroscience Center of Excellence Seminar "Experience-dependent Rewiring of Cortical Circuits" Arianna Maffei, Ph.D. Research Associate Brandeis University, Waltham, MA The fine-tuning of circuits in sensory cortex requires sensory experience during an early critical period. Visual deprivation (VD) during the critical period has atastrophic effects on visual function, including loss of visual responsiveness to the deprived eye, reduced visual acuity, and loss of tuning to many stimulus characteristics. These changes occur faster than remodeling of thalamocortical axons, but the intracortical plasticity mechanisms that underlie them are incompletely understood. Long-term depression (LTD) of excitatory intracortical synapses has been proposed as a general candidate mechanism for the loss of cortical responsiveness following visual deprivation^. Alternatively (or in addition), the decreased ability of the deprived eye to activate cortical neurons could be due to enhanced intracortical inhibition. Here we show that VD leaves excitatory layer 4 connections unaffected, but dramatically potentiates inhibitory feedback between fast-spiking basket cells (FS cells) and star pyramidal neurons (star pyramids). Further, a novel form of long-term potentiation of inhibition (LTPi) could be induced at FS to star pyramid synapses, and was occluded by prior visual deprivation. These data suggest that potentiation of inhibition is a major cellular mechanism underlying the deprivationinduced degradation of visual function, and that a novel form of LTPi plays an important role in fine-tuning cortical circuitry in response to visual experience. 12:00pm September 11, 2007, 8th Floor Neuroscience Center Conference Room, LSU Lion’s Building, 2020 Gravier Street, New Orleans