Download An Agriscience Lesson Plan: Protein Needs

An Agriscience Lesson Plan:
Protein Needs
Objectives:
• Understand the amounts and kinds of
protein needed in feeding livestock
• Learn the essential amino acids and their
functions
Important factors in feeding
protein:
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The amount of protein
The quality of protein
The compliment of amino acids in protein
Can feed less of high quality protein and
vice versa
Excess Protein
• No danger in over feeding protein, but it is
usually the most expensive part of the feed
• Once the animal has consumed all the
protein needed for cell construction, muscle,
fetal growth, etc., the rest is broken down
for energy
• Carbohydrates are a cheaper source of
energy
Ten essential amino acids
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Arginine
Histidine
Isoleucine
Leucine
Lysine
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Methionine
Phenylalanine
Threonine
Tryptophan
Valine
Amino Acids
• The ten essential amino acids are those
which are not made in the body or not made
in sufficient amounts and have to be
supplemented in feed
• A pneumonic for remembering the essential
amino acids is PVT. TIM HALL
Factors in the requirements of
amino acids for animals
• The kind of animal
• Function of the animal (ie. Work, weight,
etc.
• Amino acids essential for growth are not
essential for maintaining the animal
Protein in the rations of
ruminants
• All of the essential amino acids are made in
ruminants by the rumen bacteria from
simple forms of Nitrogen in the feed
• The bacterial protein may provide all of the
essential amino acids even though they are
lacking in the feed the ruminant eats
Urea
• Used as a protein substitute for ruminants
• Source of Nitrogen that rumen bacteria can
use to make protein
• Urea is used only in ruminant rations, it is
toxic to monogastrics
Protein from animals
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Fish meal
Meat and bone meal
milk
blood meal
Protein from plants
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Soybean oil meal
Soybeans
Cottonseed meal
Canola
Legumes
Protein and maturity of the
animal
• Young animals have a greater need for
protein because they are building new tissue
as they grow
• Lactation and pregnancy require higher
amounts of protein
• As animals mature the daily feed intake
increases and the protein concentration
decreases
Web sites:
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Www.galaxy.com
nal.usda.gov.com
www.ag.usask.ca/
public.gov.nf.ca/