Download Lesson 9 "Developing a Healthy Mind"

Group Work
• In your groups...
– Read the article you are given & prepare a
summary to give to the class.
– Summary should be what the article was
about and can include statistics. Each group
member does not have to talk, one member of
each group will be ok.
12 September 2013 Questions
• Trivia: 30% of men have
cried because of this.
What is it?
• Health: Do you remember
what you were doing 12
years ago yesterday
(9/11/01)? Do you
remember what where
you were or what was
going through your head?
Do you remember how
your parents, friends,
teachers reacted?
Lesson 9
Developing a Healthy Mind
Objectives
• Students will be able to:
– 1) Identify influences on personality and describe the
different personality types.
– 2) Discuss ways addictions can affect health status.
– 3) Identify types and signs of addictions and ways to
avoid addictions.
– 4) Discuss codependence
– 5) Outline categories of mental disorders, giving
examples of each
– 6) Discuss mental-health services.
– 7) Identify strategies for coping with anxiety.
Personality
• An individual's unique pattern of
characteristics.
• What are some personality traits?
• What is your personality type?
• Class Personalities
• What does your personality mean?
• What animal are you?
What to Know About Personality
• Heredity:
– Helps to determine your intellectual abilities, temperment, and
talants.
– Example: athletic & artistic abilities
• Environment
– Influences everything that is around you. Where you live and the
people you live with have influences on you
• Attitudes
– The feeling or emotion a person has toward someone or
something.
• Behaviors
– Your behavior is what you do & what you do influences your
personality.
Addictions
• A compelling desire to use a drug or
engage in a specific behavior, continued
use despite negative consequences, and
loss of control.
How Addictions Affect Health
Status
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An addiction can harm physical health.
An addiction can jeopardize safety.
An addiction can harm relationships.
An addiction can cause problems with the
law.
• An addiction can jeopardize financial
health.
Teens who are at risk for addictions may
have one or more of the following
characteristics
• Depression or negative
self-esteem
• Genetic vulnerability
• Feelings of guilt or shame
• Traumatic childhoods
• Feelings of tension,
anxiety, boredom or
lonliness
• Difficulty expressing
feelings.
• Trouble managing anger
• Trouble accepting
responsibility for their
actions
• A constant need for
approval
• A need to control others
• Poor coping skills
• Difficulty with authority
figures
• Difficulty delaying
gratification
• Personal problems that
they deny
A Teen's Guide to Addictions
• Drug Addiction
– The compelling desire to use a drug even though it harms the
body, mind, or relationships.
• Exercise Addiction
– The compelling desire to exercise.
• Gambling Addiction
– The compelling desire to bet money or other things.
• Nicotine Addiction
– The compelling desire for nicotine.
• Perfectionism
– The compelling desire to be flawless.
• Relationship Addiction
– The compelling desire to be connected to another person.
A Teen's Guide to Addictions
(continued)
• Shopping Addiction
– The compelling desire to purchase things.
• Television Addiction
– The compelling desire to watch television. Would also
include computer addiction and video game addiction.
• Thrill-Seeking Addiction
– The compelling desire to take unnecessary risks.
• Workaholism
– The compelling desire to work to fill an emptiness.
What to Do About Addictions
• Stay Informed
• Review the list of characteristics of teens
who are at risk for developing addictions.
• Recognize addictions in yourself and
others.
• Get help for addictions
Get Help for Addictions
• Formal Intervention
– An action by people, such as family members,
who want a person to get treatment.
• Relapse
– A return to a previous behavior or condition.
Signs of Addiction
• Having a compelling desire to take a drug or
engage in a behavior.
• Taking a drug or engaging in a behavior instead
of dealing with feelings of anxiety, depression,
boredom, or lonliness.
• Feeling bad about oneself after taking a drug or
engaging in a behavior.
• Taking a drug or engaging in a behavior even
when there are negative consequences.
• Trying to stop taking a drug or engaging in a
behavior, but being unable to do so.
Codependency
• A problem in which a person neglects himself or
herself to care for, control, or try to "fix" someone
else.
• What to Know About Codependency
– Enabler: A person who supports the harmful behavior
of others.
– Support Group: A group of people who help one
another recover from an addiction, a particular
disease, or a difficult situation.
• Alcoholics Anonymous
• Narcatics Anonymous
• Gambler's Anonymous
Mental Disorders
• A behavioral or psychological syndrome or
pattern that occurs in an individual and
that is associated with distress or disability
or with a significantly increased risk of
suffering, death, pain, disability or an
important loss of freedom.
Group Work
• Each group will research a specific mental
disorder. You will have 20 minutes to
answer the questions on your worksheet
as thorough as possible. When your
mental disorder comes up during the
lesson, you will teach the class about that
mental disorder.
• Each group member must speak during
the presentation.
Group Assignments
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Group 1: Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
Group 2: Social Anxiety Disorder
Group 3: Cognitive Disorder (Dementia)
Group 4: Clinical Depression
Group 5: Seasonal Affective Disorder
Group 6: Borderline Personality Disorder
Group 7: Schizophrenia
16 September 2013 Questions
• Trivia: According to USA today, there are over
600 types of this food. What is it?
• Brain Teaser: A man left home one morning. He
turned right and ran straight ahead. Then he
turned left. After a while, he turned left again,
running faster than ever. Then he turned left
once more and decided to go home. In the
distance he could see 2 masked men waiting for
him. Who were they?
A Guide to Mental Disorders
• Anxiety Disorders: A disorder in which real
or imagined threats prevent a person from
enjoying life.
– General Anxiety Disorder: A chronic or longlasting state of anxiety, fear, and tenseness.
• People with this disorder feel tense or anxious all
the time even when there is nothing to feel tense
or anxious about.
• Physical symptoms typcially include: fatigue,
headache, muscle tension, muscle aches, difficulty
swallowing, trembling, irritability, sweating,
increased heart rate & hot flashes.
Anxiety Disorders (continued)
• Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
– A disorder in which a person has persistent,
unwelcome thoughts or images and engages
in certain rituals.
• Disturbing thoughts are called obsessions.
• Rituals performed are called compulsions.
• Rituals relieve anxiety temporarily, but do not
cause pleasure.
• People with this disorder spend large amounts of
time engaging in the rituals.
Anxiety Disorders (continued)
• Panic Disorder
– A disorder in which feelings of terror strike
suddenly & repeatedly with no warning.
– Feelings are accompanied by panic attacks (a
period of intense fear accompanied by bodily
changes.
• Bodily changes may include: increased heart rate,
weakness, faintness & dizziness.
• People can't predict when a panic disorder will
occur.
• Symptoms usually peak in 10 minutes, but may
last longer.
Anxiety Disorders (continued)
• Specific Phobia
– A disorder in which there is excessive fear of
certain objects, situations, or people that pose
little or no actual danger.
– Fear feels very real to the person, even
though it may not be realistic.
– Might be accompanied by panic attacks.
– Do you have any phobias?
– List of phobias
– Top 10 Phobias
Anxiety Disorders (continued)
• Social Anxiety Disorder
– A disorder in which a person is overly anxious
and self-conscious in everyday social
situations.
• Physical symptoms are similar to other anxiety
disorders.
• People fear that they are being watched and
judged by others at all times and are terrified nad
being embarrassed or humiliated by their actions.
• Can be limited to one situation such as public
speaking or it might include all social situations
Check Your Understanding
• 1) What is an addiction?
• 2) How can a support group help people
with codependence?
• 3) What are the symptoms of a panic
attack?
Anxiety Disorders (continued)
• Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
– A disorder in which aftereffects of a terrifying event
keep a person from living in a normal way.
• Often have frightening thoughts and memories of an event.
• May have nightmares and disturbing thoughts during the day.
• Can result from a number of traumatic incidents including:
war, abuse, natural disasters, witnessing a bomb or terrorist
attack.
• Professional help, stress-management skills and talking with
a responsible adult are ways to cope with PTSD
Cognitive Disorder
• A disorder in which a person's brain
deteriorates in function.
– Dementia: A condition in which brain
deterioration affects memory, language, and
reasoning
• Differs from forgetfulness associated with tiredness
& depression.
• Progresses from mild through severe stages, and
is fatal.
• Alzheimer's disease is a common cause of
dementia.
Conduct Disorder
• A disorder in which a person regularly
violates the rights of others and breaks
social rules.
– Characteristics: bullying, start fights, cruel to
people or animals.
– Possibly damage property steal or set fires.
– These peopel violate rules, and typically have
little or no remorse for their wrong actions.
– Possibly also abuse alcohol and other drugs.
Eating Disorders
• A mental disorder in which a person has a
compelling need to starve, to binge, or to
binge and purge.
– People who have eating disorders are more at
risk for depression, anxiety, and substance
abuse.
– Three types:
• Anorexia Nervosa
• Bulimia
• Binge Eating Disorder
Anorexia Nervosa
• An eating disorder in which a person
starves his or her body and weighs 15
percent or more below the healthful weight
for his or her age and gender.
– Typically have a distorted body image and
see themselves as being overweight even
though they are overly thin.
– May exercise to extremes, vomit, or use
laxatives and/or diuretics.
Bulimia
• An eating disorder in which a person
binges and then purges
– Eat foods in large quantities then purge or use
laxatives or diuretics.
Binge Eating Disorder
• A disorder in which people binge on large
quantities of food.
– Increases a person's risk for obesity and
chronic diseases.
Mood Disoders
• A mental disorder involving moods that are
extreme.
– Sometimes called affective disorder.
– Examples
• Clinical Depression
• Bipolar Disorder
• Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)
Clinical Depression
• A mood disorder charaterized by long
lasting feelings of hopelessness, sadness,
or helplessness.
– People are considered clinically depressed if
they have not had a recent trauma, and
experience five of nine general symptoms for
two weeks or more.
– Symptoms include deep sadness, apathy,
fatigue, agitation, sleep disturbances, weight
or appetite changes, lack of concentration,
feelings of worthlessness, & morbid thoughts.
Bipolar Disorder
• A disorder in which a person's moods vary
from extreme happiness to extreme
depression.
– Manic Phase: May experience great joy for no
reason and be very talkative.
– Depressive Phase: Passive mood, has little
energy, possible thoughts of suicide.
– Depressive phase ends when the person's
mood swings back to the manic phase.
Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)
• A type of depression that occurs when a
person has reduced exposure to sunlight.
– Possible symptoms: increased appetite,
decreased physical activity, irritability, and
general depression.
• Symptoms experience during months when there
is reduced sunlight.
– Special light therapy for short periods daily
will relieve many symptoms
Personality Disorders
• A disorder in which a person's patterns of
thinking, feeling, & acting interfere with
daily living.
Antisocial Personality Disorder
• A personality disorder in which a person's
patterns of behavior are in conflict with
society.
– Often times these people are hateful,
aggressive, & irritable.
– Possibly indifferent to others' needs and feel
no remorse for their actions.
Borderline Personality Disorder
(BPD)
• A disorder in which a person has sudden
changes in mood, relationships, and
behaviors.
– People with BPD are often impulsive.
– Feelings toward family and friends can shift
from love to anger.
– Fear abandonment
– People with BPD have a high rate of selfinjury with or without suicidal intent.
Schizophrenia
• A disorder in which there is a breakdown
in logical thought processes.
– The breakdown results in unusual behaviors.
– People schizophrenia tend to have
hallucinations, delusions, & a distorted
perception of reality.
– Actions, words, & emotions are confused and
usually inappropriate.
– Schizophrenia is not curable but is treatable
with medication.
Check Your Understanding
• 1) What causes PTSD?
• 2) What are symptoms of clinical
depression?
• 3) How is schizophrenia treated?
Somatoform Disorders
• A disorder in which a person ahs
symptoms of disease but no physical
cause can be found.
– Hypochondria: A disorder in which a person is
constantly worried about illness.
• Often misinterpret aches, pains & other symptoms,
& worry about developing and illness or disease
even though they are assured they are healthy.
Mental-Health Services
• Treatment for Mental Disorders & Addictions
– Formal Intervention
– Evaluation
• Psychiatrist: A physician who specializes in the diagnosis and
treatment of mental disorders and can prescribe medication.
• Psychologist: A professional who specializes in the diagnosis
of an coulseling for mental and emotional problems. They
cannot prescribe medications.
• Psychiatric Social Worker: Specializes in working with clients
with mental and emotional problems.
Treatment for Mental Disorders &
Addictions
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Medication
Inpatient & Outpatient Treatment
Therapy
Support Groups