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Do Now • Draw a picture of what you think you would look like if you didn’t have bones. • How would this affect your daily life? Locomotion: ability to move from place to place • Advantages: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Increased chance to get food Seek shelter Avoid predators Move away from toxic wastes Find a mate Functional Organization of Locomotion in Humans 1. Bones: – Endoskeleton: internal set of bones – Functions: 1. 2. 3. 4. Support and protection Anchorage site for muscle Leverage for body movement Production of blood cells in marrow 2. Cartilage – Flexible, fibrous elastic connective tissue – Pliable support – Flexibility of joints – Cushioning – Found at end of ribs, between vertebrae, ends of bones, nose, ears and trachea 3. Muscles: 3 types, can contract and relax 1. Smooth (visceral): – involuntary (can’t control) – Organs- stomach, diaphragm, lungs 2. Cardiac (striated or “striped”): – Involuntary, heart muscle 3. Skeletal: – Voluntary (can be controlled) – Serve to move bones – Extensors (straighten joints) and flexors (bend joints) 4. Tendons • Tough, inelastic, fibrous cords • Attach muscle to bone • White, shiny at end of muscle 5. Ligaments • Tough, elastic, connective tissue (can stretch) • Connect bone to bone at moveable joints- elbow, finger, knee Muscle Ligament: bone to bone Tendon: muscle to bone Bone Tendon Muscle Straighten Flex Ligament Bone