Download 5. Movement (The Skeletal and Muscular Systems)

Unit 1-9 Notes
Mr. Hefti –
Pulaski Biology
The Skeletal & Muscular
Systems (Movement)
What are some good reasons we should
we know about these organ systems?
Skeletal
Muscular
Skeletal System Fun Facts
1. The largest bone is the pelvis or hip bone. It is actually
made of six bones joined firmly together.
2. The longest bone is the femur. It makes up almost one
quarter of the body's total height.
3. The smallest bone is the stirrup deep in the ear. It is
slightly any larger than a grain of rice.
4. The ears and end of the nose do not have bones inside
them. Their inner supports are cartilage, which is
lighter and more flexible than bone. This is why the
nose and ears can be bent.
5. After death cartilage rots faster than bone. This is why
the skulls of skeletons have no nose or ears.
1. *Cranium (white)
2. Mandible (tan)
3. *Scapula (green)
4. Sternum (blue)
5. *Humerus (red)
6. Spine (yellow)
7. *Pelvis (white)
8. *Radius (purple)
9. *Ulna (orange)
10.*Carpals (green)
11.*Metacarpals (brown)
12.*Femur (red)
13.*Patella (purple)
14.Tibia (light blue)
15.Fibula (yellow)
16.Tarsals (green)
17.Metatarsals (tan)
* = required organs
Muscular System Fun Facts
1. There are about 60 muscles in the face. Smiling is easier
than frowning. It takes 20 muscles to smile and over 40 to
frown.
2. The longest muscle in the body is the sartorius, from the
outside of the hip, down and across to the inside of the
knee. It rotates the thigh outwards and bends the knee.
3. The smallest muscle in the body is the stapedius, deep in
the ear. It is only 5mm long and thinner than a cotton
thread. It is involved in hearing.
4. The biggest muscle in the body is the gluteus maximus, in
the buttock. It pulls the leg backwards powerfully for
walking, running and climbing steps.
5. All muscles work in pairs – each one moves bones in a
different direction.
1.Trapezius (light blue)
2.*Deltoid (red)
3.*Pectoralis (green)
4.*Biceps (yellow)
5.*Triceps (blue)
6.Obliques (tan)
7.*Extensors (orange)
8.Ligament (purple)
9.Gluteus maximus (red)
10.*Quadriceps (yellow)
11.Peroneus (brown)
12.*Gastrocnemius (green)
13.Soleus (orange)
* = required organs
Make connections…
• How are the skeletal system and the muscular
system related?
– The muscles move the bones making complex
motions possible.
• Why is smooth muscle essential to the circulatory
and respiratory systems?
– The blood vessels and digestive system organs are
made of smooth muscle.
• Which organelle (found in plant cells) provides
structure like bones?
– Cell wall