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Nucleotide
Monomer of nucleic
acid – made up of a
sugar, a base, and a
phosphate group
Base Pairing
Bonds form between
guanine and cytosine
and Adenine and
Thymine
Transformation
Process by which
one bacteria is
changed by a gene
or genes from
another strain of
bacteria
Deoxyribose
•Sugar in DNA
Double
Helix
•Shape of DNA
Chromatin
•DNA wrapped
with proteins
Replication
•Process when
DNA makes a
copy of itself
DNA
Polymerase
•Enzyme that
makes the new
strand of DNA
Helicase
•Enzyme that
unwinds DNA
Chromosome
Structure that
carries the genetic
material – thread
like
Complementary
This is what the
new strand of DNA
is called
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic
Acid
VOCAB QUIZ #2 Words
Messenger
RNA
Molecule that carries
copies of instructions
for the assembly of
amino acids
Transfer RNA
Molecule that carries
amino acids to the
ribosomes during
protein synthesis
transcription
Process by which a strand
of mRNA is copied from a
section of DNA enough
information to code for 1
protein
Translation
Process by which a
polypeptide is made
from the instruction
on a mRNA molecule
Codon
3 nucleotide
sequence on
mRNA that codes
for an amino acid
Anti-codon
Group of 3 bases on a
tRNA molecule that
are complementary to
a 3 nucleotide
sequence on mRNA
Genetic code
Language of mRNA
instructions on how to
make a protein
Amino acid
Molecule made up of a
carboxyl group, amino
group, and an R group.
Many of them together
make a protein.
Protein
Sequence of
amino acids –
long chain
Polypeptide
Sequence of
amino acids –
long chain
Mutation
Any change in a
DNA sequence
that affects the
genetic info
DNA
Double stranded
contains all of the
genetic code
RNA
Single stranded –
contains info to
code 1 protein