Download Plant Structure and Types of Cells Notes

Plants
Characteristics:
•Multicellular
• Eukaryotic
•Photosynthetic
•Cells have cell walls made of cellulose
2 Categories of Plants:
Non-vascular:
•Does not have true
stems, roots and leaves.
•Does not have xylem
and phloem
Vascular:
•Have true stems, roots
and leaves.
•Have xylem and phloem
(Vascular tissue)
Cell Types in Plants

Parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma

Parenchyma:

Functions:

Conduct photosynthesis

Stores starch, oils, and water for the plant.

Also important for healing wounds of the plant
Parenchyma

Details: Thin cell walls and large water-filled
vacuoles in the middle. Most common type of
cell in plants
Collenchyma
Functions:


Provide support for the plant, while still allowing it to
grow.
They are flexible.


EX: As a young leaf grows, collenchyma cells can
elongate, giving the leaf structure.
Do not conduct photosynthesis.
Collenchyma

Details:

Most common in the younger tissues of leaves and shoots

Cell walls range from thick to thin.

Often form into strands. EX: celery strings

Cells walls do not contain lignin, so they are stretchy and can
change size.
Comparing Parenchyma and
Collenchyma
Sclerenchyma
Functions:




Found in parts of the plant that are no longer
growing.
Skeletal support for water-conducting tissues and
the plant itself.
These cell fibers are used to make linen and rope.
Form a major part of fruit pits and hard outer shells
of nuts.
Sclerenchyma

Details:

This is the strongest cell type of the three

Have a second cell wall that is hardened by lignin.

Makes the cells very tough, durable, and rigid.

These cells are not able to grow with the plant.
Comparing all three
Vocabulary

enchyma: cellular tissue

Ex: parenchyma
para: beside
 coll: glue
 scler: hard

Identify: