Download Plant Anatomy

Plant Anatomy
Systems and Tissues
Plant
Structure
Root and shoot systems are
made up of basic plant
organs: roots, leaves,
stems, flowers.
Root system
• What are the major
functions of roots?
Shoot system functions
• What are some of
the major functions
performed by the
shoot system?
Structure is used in classification
• Two main categories of flowering plants:
monocots and dicots
• The two groups are distinguished on the
basis of flower parts, leaf veins, and
other structural features.
Flowers
Monocots: flower
parts in 3’s
Dicots: flower parts in
4’s, 5’s, 6’s
Leaves
Monocots: parallel
veins in leaves
Dicots: network of
veins in the leaves
Roots
Monocots: fibrous root
system with no main
tap root.
Dicots: Main tap root,
with smaller side roots
branching off.
Seeds
Monocots: single
cotyledon; endosperm
and cotyledon are
separate
Dicots: two cotyledons;
endosperm is contained
in the cotyledon.
This flower is probably a:
50%
50%
1. Monocot
2. Dicot
1
2
This flower is probably a:
50%
50%
1. Monocot
2. Dicot
1
2
This flower is probably a:
50%
50%
1. Monocot
2. Dicot
1
2
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• If you’re asked to distinguish between
monocots and dicots, which plant parts
would make this task easiest?
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Plant Tissues
•Dermal tissue
•Ground tissue
•Vascular tissue
Copy this table:
Primary
tissue type
Sub-types
Epidermis
Dermal
Periderm
Parenchyma
Ground
Collenchyma
Sclerenchyma
Xylem
Vascular
Phloem
Structure
Functions
Dermal tissue: Epidermis
• How is an
epidermis of a plant
similar to your
epidermis?
• What does the
epidermis do?
• What features do
you see in these
cells?
Dermal tissue: Periderm
• How is the periderm
like the layer of
dead skin cells on
human skin?
• What does the
periderm do?
• What features do
you see in these
cells?
Ground tissue: Parenchyma
• What can you see
in these
parenchyma cells?
• What are some
functions of
parenchyma cells?
Ground Tissue: Collenchyma
• How might support
cells be different
from other plant
cells?
• Plants don’t have a
skeletal system as
humans do. What
holds a plant up?
• What features do
you see in these
cells?
Ground tissue: Sclerenchyma
• How are these
thick-walled cells
different from
collenchyma cells?
• What features do
you see in these
cells?
• Sclerenchyma cells
are dead at
maturity. Why might
that be?
Vascular tissue: Xylem
• Xylem tissue moves
water. What
features would the
cells need to carry
out this function?
• What features do
you see in these
cells?
Vascular tissue: Phloem
• Phloem tissue
moves sap, which is
sugar dissolved in
water. What
features would the
cells need to carry
out this function?
• What features do
you see in these
cells?
Wood contains cells that are dead
at maturity. They must be:
25%
1.
2.
3.
4.
25%
25%
25%
Phloem
Xylem
Parenchyma
Collenchyma
1
2
3
4
Potatoes are tubers (modified stems) that store
starch. Most of a potato’s tissue must be:
25%
1.
2.
3.
4.
25%
25%
25%
Sclerenchyma
Collenchyma
Parenchyma
Vascular tissue
1
2
3
4
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• Linen thread for weaving fabric is spun
from bast fibers that come from the stem
of the flax plant. Bast fibers are long,
tough, and strong. Which plant tissue
type are they most likely made up of?
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