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Name: _______________________________
Period: ___________
Date: _____________
Honors Biology – Study Guide for Biochemistry and Macromolecules Assessment
I can describe and analyze the properties of the elements essential to life: CHNOPS
1.
2.
3.
4.
Element names.
Valence electrons and bonding characteristics of each element.
Where the elements can be found in the body.
Why the elements are essential in the human body.
I can distinguish between the four main classifications of macromolecules based on their structure and
properties.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Identify and describe the 4 main classifications of macromolecules.
Classify biological molecules based on chemical structure.
Explain the function of each macromolecule in the body.
Identify the monomer for each macromolecule
Identify the polymer(s) for each macromolecule and provide examples.
Explain how biological molecules are made and broken down by the human body.
I can investigate for the presence of monosaccharides, starches, and proteins in foods by identifying positive
colorimetric reactions with indicator tests.
1. Distinguish the indicators used to identify monosaccharides, starches, and proteins
2. Explain the colors present in a positive test for each indicator.
3. Apply knowledge of indicators and biological molecules to real world scenarios.
I can analyze scenarios to identify enzymes and substrates; and assess possible causes for enzyme
denaturation.
1. Explain the purpose and function of enzymes.
2. Explain how an enzymes are used as catalysts and the relationship to energy.
3. Identify the type of macromolecule enzymes are classified as.
4. Explain the factors that contribute to enzyme denaturation
5. Analyze the role of enzymes in biological process in the human body
I can apply biochemistry vocabulary words to real world situations.
1. Application of vocabulary to real world related problems.
2. Review your quizzes.
Name: _______________________________
Period: ___________
Date: _____________
Assessment Practice - This DOES NOT cover all the material you may be tested on. You need to review
all your notes, homework assignments, quizzes, and classwork.
1. Fill in the chart below using the information you know about the six most abundant elements in
the human body:
Element
Symbol
C
Valence
Electrons
4
# of
Bonds
4
Carbon
Macromolecules Found In
Hydrogen
H
1
1
Oxygen
O
6
2
Nitrogen
N
5
3
Protein, Carbohydrate, Lipids,
Nucleic Acids
Protein, Carbohydrate, Lipid,
Nucleic Acid
Protein, Carbohydrate, Lipid,
Nucleic Acid
Protein, Nucleic Acid
Sulfur
S
6
2
Some Proteins (Not Many)
Phosphorus
P
5
3
Nucleic Acid
2. Fill in the chart below:
Indicator
Color of Positive Reaction
Iodine
Macromolecule it Indicates
For
Carbohydrate (Starch)
Benedicts
Carbohydrate (Sugar)
Orange or Yellow
Biuret
Protein
Purple
Black or Dark Purple
3. What makes a compound organic?
It contains carbon
4. What is the difference between reactants and products in a chemical reaction?
Reactants are the chemicals that takes part in and undergoes a change during a reaction.
This is the substance or substances that are present at the start of the reaction. The
product is the final product.
Name: _______________________________
Period: ___________
Date: _____________
5. Compare and contrast hydrolysis reactions with condensation reaction.
A condensation reaction chemically bonds monomers to create polymers by the
release of a water molecules. A hydrolysis reaction breaks polymers apart into
individual monomers by the addition of water.
6. What is the major function of a monosaccharide, such as glucose?
To provide immediate energy
7. Distinguish between the function of plant starch and glycogen?
Plant is stored carbohydrates in plants and glycogen is stored carbohydrates in
humans. Usually found in the liver.
8. What is chitin?
A polysaccharide that is found in the exoskeleton of shellfish.
9. What is the ratio of hydrogen to oxygen in carbohydrates?
2:1
10. What makes one protein different from another?
The R-Group that is attached to the central carbon atom
11. What is an enzyme substrate complex?
It is the term used to explain when the enzyme binds to the substrate to facilitate
a chemical reaction in the body.
12. How can an enzyme become denatured?
Enzymes can become denatured when the environment they are in changes.
can be due to a change in temperature, pH, or salinity.
This
Name: _______________________________
Period: ___________
13. Why is an enzyme referred to as a catalyst?
Date: _____________
Enzymes are referred to as catalysts because they speed-up chemical reactions in
the body.
14. What is a chemical reactions activation energy and how is it related to an enzyme?
The activation energy is the minimal amount of energy that is need to start a
chemical reaction. Enzymes lower this so that chemical reactions can take place at
a faster rate.
15. What are the major parts of a DNA nucleotide?
5-carbon sugar, Nitrogen Base, and a Phosphate Backbone
16. Fill in the chart below:
Macromolecule
Monomer
Carbohydrate
Protein
Monosaccharide Starch, Chitin,
Cellulose,
Glycogen,
Polysaccharides
Glycerol Head
Wax,
and Fatty Acid Unsaturated
Tail
Fats, Saturated
Fats
Amino Acids
Enzymes
Nucleic Acid
Nucleotide
Lipid
Polymer(S)
DNA or RNA
Function(s)
To provide and store energy and
help with structure
Provide long term energy storage
and send messages.
Facilitated chemical Reactions,
immune response, Protect the body
Store and transmit Genetic
Information