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MARTIN LUTHER AND THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION Dr. Afxendiou Sachem North High School https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PyVr PIp4QsA https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ijjbtc AEOnY Martin Luther and the 95 Theses CAUSES OF THE REFORMATION SOCIAL • The Renaissance values of humanism and secularism led people to question the Church •The printing press helped to spread ideas critical of the Church POLITICAL ECONOMIC RELIGIOUS • Powerful monarchs challenged the Church as the supreme power of Europe • European princes and kings were jealous of the Church’s wealth • Some Church leaders had become worldly and corrupt • Many leaders viewed the pope as a foreign ruler and challenged his authority •Merchants and others resented having to pay taxes to the Church • Many people found Church practices such as the sale of indulgences unacceptable 1. Christian church in Europe is forever divided – end of unity EARLY CHRISTIAN CHURCH ROMAN CATHOLIC ROMAN CATHOLIC LUTHERAN EASTERN ORTHODOX PROTESTANT ANGLICAN CONSEQUENCES CALVINIST CONSEQUENCES 2. Anglican Church formed Originally he denounced Luther and his stance against the Catholic Church But then… he wanted a divorce from his wife, Catherine of Aragon and the Pope said NO! Catholic religion does not permit divorce If the church was not going to give him a divorce he would just take over the church He became the head of the Church of England or the Anglican Church and broke away from the Pope’s control – another Protestant church! KING HENRY VIII A RADICAL REFORMER 3. The Counter-Reformation – the Catholic Church attempts to keep the faithful CONSEQUENCES https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3EGz Hsye71c https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L4pia pxaT0k