Download The Protestant Reformation Ch 12 notes

The Protestant Reformation
Chapter 12 Sec 3
Need for Reform
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The Protestant Reformation is a religious reform movement that divided the western Church
into Catholic and Protestant groups
Corruption of Church one reason for reform
Popes were not being spiritual leaders of the Catholic Church
Many Churches officials used their offices to advance their careers and wealth
The Church sold indulgences - or the way into heaven, sins forgiven
Martin Luther
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Martin Luther was a monk and a professor
Luther believed that humans are saved through their faith alone
This became known as Justification by faith alone, a chief teaching in the Protestant
Reformation
On October 31, 1517, Luther sent his 95 Theses(stunning attack on abuses in the sale of
indulgences) to his Church leaders
A Break for the Church
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By 1520, called for German Princes to overthrow the papacy in Germany and establish a
reformed German Church
The Church excommunicated Luther in January 1521
Edict of Worms made Luther an outlaw within the empire
Rise of Lutheranism
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German rulers began to take control of the Catholic churches in their territories
Formed state churches
Luther’s doctrine became known as Lutheranism, Churches as Lutheran Churches
Lutheranism was the first Protestant Faith
Charles V
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Charles V wanted to preserve the unity of his empire by keeping it Catholic
Peace of Augsburg – agreement formally accepted the division of Christianity in Germany. Now
free to choose between Catholicism and Lutheranism
The Spread of Protestantism
Chapter 12 Sec 4
Divisions of Protestantism
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John Calvin becomes a new leader of Protestantism
Calvin’s ideas said that God had determined in advanced who would be saved and who would
not – Predestination
Called Calvinists
Church of England
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English reformation was rooted in politics not religion
King Henry VII wanted a divorce, pope denies his request
King Henry VII goes to archbishop of Canterbury and he annuls the King’s marriage
Parliament passes the Act of Supremacy of 1534, this declared the King was “the only supreme
head on earth of the new Church of England”.
Gained new supporters and wealth but remained close to his Catholic teachings
After he died, Anglican church moved more towards a protestant direction
Other Groups
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Anabaptists believed in following the practices of early Christianity
Believed in adult baptism
Believed in complete separation of Church and State
Viewed as dangerous radicals
Catholic Reformation
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In the 16th century the Catholic Church reforms itself
Jesuits were very successful in spreading the Catholic teachings
Reform of the papacy
Council of Trent helped by reaffirming the traditional Catholic teachings of faith and good works
needed for salvation.