Download Geology of the Ocean Floor and Hydrothermal Vent / Deep Sea

Geology of the Ocean Floor and Hydrothermal Vent / Deep
Sea Communities Review Guide
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Be able to label the map of the major lithospheric plates. List the plates.
What makes rift communities unique?
Explain how the ocean formed.
Explain what the first cells had to be like.
What is the oldest marine fossil, how old, and where was it found?
What is another name for our oceans? How many are there? List them from largest to
smallest.
7. What is the difference between a sea and a gulf? Provide two examples for each
8. What is the difference between lithosphere and asthenosphere?
9. Describe the three differences between the oceanic crust and the continental crust.
10. What was the source of the water that gave rise to the oceans?
11. Why was Earth’s early atmosphere devoid of oxygen?
12. Describe the processes that account for the drifting of continents away from one another
or toward one another.
13. Describe nine lines of evidence that support the theory of seafloor spreading and
continental drift.
14. Describe in detail the theory of seafloor spreading.
15. Describe the three types of plate boundaries, draw a picture of each one, and provide one
location for each.
16. Describe the formation of the Ocean.
17. Who is the man of Pangaea? What were the two land masses called before they separated
into continents?
18. What are convection currents? Who names them?
19. Explain what the Mid Oceanic Ridge is and why it’s important.
20. Describe rift valleys, fracture zones, rift zones, seamounts, hydrothermal vents, turbidity
currents, submarine canyons, abyssal hills and plains.
21. What is the deepest trench?
22. What two opposing roles do turbidity currents play in shaping the continental shelf?
23. Why are continents much older than oceanic crust? Explain in terms of continental drift.
24. What are the five types of sediment and describe each one.
25. Explain continental margins, continental shelf, rise, and slope.
26. Define chemosynthesis.
27. Where does the deep sea begin?
28. Describe the oceans conveyor belt in detail. Include upwelling and why gyres are
involved.
29. How long do vent communities live?
30. What main chemical compound do the vents rely on?
31. How hot are these vents?
32. Who discovered these vents?
33. Where are these vents located?
34. How does a vent form?
35. What single celled organism is the basis of the food web?
36. What is the function of the red plumes on the tubeworms?
37. Why are vents important?
38. List six deep sea adaptations.
39. Why are most organisms in the deep sea small?
40. List six deep sea animals.
41. Where can we find deep sea isopods?
42. What colors of the spectrum are absorbed first? What colors penetrate the deepest?
43. What is the chemical equation for bioluminescence?
44. What is a photophore?
45. How do they get the bacteria inside them?
46. How is bioluminescence controlled?
47. Define bioluminescence?
48. What are the functions of bioluminescence? Explain three of them.