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Chapter 10
Vocabulary
Define each term in your spiral
1. Genetics
2. Heredity
3. Generation
4. DNA
5. Genes
6. Chromosome
7. Allele
8. Dominant allele
9. Recessive allele
10. Genotype
11. Phenotype
1. Genetics•The
scientific study of heredity
•Begun
1800’s
by Gregor Mendel in the mid-
2. HeredityThe passing of traits from
parent to offspring
•
3. Generation•A
group of genetically related
organisms that make up a single step
in the line of descent (passing of
traits)
4. DNA
(deoxyribonucleic acid)•Hereditary
material that
controls all the activities
of a cell and provides
instructions for making
new cells
5. Gene•A
segment of DNA
that carries hereditary
instructions and is
passed from parent to
offspring
•Located
on
chromosomes
6. Chromosome•A
long molecule of DNA and
associated proteins that is found in the
nucleus of eukaryotic cells
7. Alleles•Multiple
forms of the same gene
8. Dominant trait•The
trait observed when at least one
dominant allele for a characteristic is
inherited (for example, brown eyes)
9. Recessive trait•A
trait that is visible only when two
recessive alleles for the same
characteristic are inherited
•(for
example, blue eyes)
10. Genotype•An
organism’s inherited combination of
alleles (the genes that represent the trait).
11. Phenotype•An
organism’s physical appearance
G= green
peas
g= yellow
peas