Download A.P. Psychology 6 (A) - Classical Conditioning

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Date:
A.P. Psychology
Unit 6: Learning
“Classical Conditioning”
Classical Conditioning

Classical Conditioning:
o
Ivan Pavlov (Behavioral Psychologist)
o
Example of associative learning
o
A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural
stimulus and a neutral stimulus
o
Helps organisms anticipate events

E.g. Dark clouds (natural stimulus) elicit “rain”

E.g. Umbrellas (neutral stimulus), when paired with dark clouds
(natural stimulus) elicit “rain”
Pavlov’s Experiment:
Stimuli and Responses in Classical Conditioning:


Neutral Stimulus:
o
Stimulus that, before conditioning, elicits no response
o
E.g. Bell before conditioning
Unconditioned Stimulus (US):
o
A stimulus that unconditionally – naturally and automatically – elicits a
response
o

E.g. Food
Unconditioned Response (UR):
o
The unlearned, naturally occurring response to the unconditioned stimulus
(US)
o

E.g. Salivating to the food
Conditioned Stimulus (CS):
o
The originally irrelevant stimulus that, after association with an
unconditioned stimulus (US), elicits a learned response
o

E.g. Bell after conditioning
Conditioned Response (CR):
o
The learned response to a previously neutral (but now conditioned) stimulus
(CS)
o
E.g. Salivating to the bell