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World History Mr. Lucker 600 TO 1450 Islam -Muhammad (570-632CE) -Mecca, Medina -Qurʼan -5 Pillars -Sunnis and Shiʼites -The 5 Pillars -Umayyad caliphate--first four caliphs, Damascus--expanded to Spain -Abassid caliphate (750-1258)--Baghdad -role of women -caliphates end with Mongol invasions (13th century) Byzantine Empire (4th century to 1453) -Justinian (527-565)--Justinianʼs Code, replacement of Latin with Greek -1054--schism between Catholic Church and Eastern Orthodox Church -East vs. West: In the East, Church is central authority, political authority decentralized In the West, political authority centralized, church localized -Russia converted to Christianity by St. Cyril--Cyrillic alphabet Carolingian Dynasty--8th century Europe -Charlemagne, crowned by Pope in 800 -Holy Roman Empire (962-1806) Feudalism -nobles, vassals, peasants (serfs) -manorialism -code of chivalry -promogeniture -Hanseatic League Crusades (1095-1204) -armed pilgrimages -Pope Urban II -consequences -scholasticism Emergence of Nation States -Magna Carta, 1215 -Hundred Years War (1337-1453)-centralized royal power of France -Ferdinand and Isabelle, the Inquisition, infidels expelled. Tang Dynasty (618-907) -equal field system -spread of Buddhism -800s--anti-Buddhist campaign -neo-Confucianism Song Dynasty (960-1279) -economic revolution-flying money -footbinding of women -Chinese junks -rapid population growth Japan -600s-Yamato clan -700s-Fujiwara clan--Chinese influence Feudalism: shogun, daimyo, samurai, Code of Bushido -Shintoism and Zen Buddhism -Tale of Genji, womenʼs role in literature Vikings: 800s to 1100 The Mongols (1200-1550) -Genghis Khan (Temujin)--unites Mongol tribes -1227, Genghis Khan dies, empire is divided 1. China, Yuan Dynasty, Kublai Khan.Increase of foreign influence in China, Marco Polo 2. Ilkhanate, Middle East, Helegu, Abassid Caliphate defeated 3. Jagadai Khanate, Central Asia 4. The Golden Horde, Batu--(Alexander Nevsky) -Pax Mongolica -failed attempts to conquer Japan (1274,1281) West African Kingdoms Ghana: trans-Saharan trade. -converted to Islam in 900s Mali: (1235-1400s) -Mansa Musa (1312-1337)--hajj -Timbuktu East African States: Swahili city-states -trade in gold, slaves and ivory for pottery, glass and textiles -Zimbabwe (1200s) The Plague: (1340s to 1600s) Consequences: labor, anti-Semitism, weakening of feudal system The Americas The Mayans (300-800)--Tikal, Chichen Itza, Uxmal, Tulum -cenotes -ball game -calendar -glyphs -no draft animals -maize The Aztecs ((1400-1521)--Tenochtitlan -12 million -tribute -ritual sacrifice -pyramids Incas (1400-1540)--Cuzco -quipu -terracing -alpacas and llamas -road system -sacrifice, children on mountaintops