Download Worksheet for Nervous Systems

Worksheet for Nervous Systems
Biology 100C
1. What are the three main functions of a nervous system?
2. What structures comprise the Central Nervous System (CNS)?
3. Motor output is the conduction of signals from the ____CNS_________ to the _____
_________.
4. Signals are conducted by ____ _____________ which are bundles of _____ _______
wrapped in connective tissue.
5. Sensory and motor neurons are collectively called the ______ ______system.
6. The structural and functional unit of the nervous system is the ________ ____________.
7. What are the four main parts of a neuron?
8. The site of contact between a synaptic terminal of a neuron and a target, such as another
neuron, a muscle cell, or a gland, is called a __________________________.
9. What are the cells called that lie on each side of a synapse?
10. The simplest type of nerve circuit is termed a ______ _________________.
11. What is the minimum number of neurons that can make up a “reflex arc”, and what
would these neurons be?
12. What are “interneurons”?
13. Interneurons are constantly _____. What does this active provide the context for?
14. Ganglia and nuclei are collections of ______ ______. How do they differ from one
another?
15. Supporting cells, called ______ __________ are ____
16. Which glial cells provide structural and metabolic support for neurons?
17. What do these glial cells also form?
18. What cells form the insulating sheaths around axons? Where are these cells found?
19. All cells have an electrical charge difference across their plasma membrane called the
_____________________________
20. The membrane potential exists because:
21. The membrane potential of an unstimulated neuron is called the _ _________________.
22. What makes invertebrates like squid and lobsters such good animals for the study of
nerve impulses?
23. What is the principal + charged ion outside of a cell?
Na+
24. What is the principal + charged ion inside of a cell?
25. How do these ions move across the cell membrane?
26. All cells have a membrane potential; however, only certain cells such as __ __________
and ____ have the ability to generate large changes in their membrane potential. These
cells are called _____ _________________________.
27. What types of ion channels are present in the cell membrane? How are these channels
opened?
28. What are the two different types of “graded potentials”?
29. Define each type of “graded potential”. Tell which ion channel is involved in each type
of “graded potential”.
30. Why are these voltage changes called “graded potentials”?
31. If a sufficiently strong stimulus causes depolarization to reach “threshold potential” it
triggers a different type of response called an _ ________.
32. In a neuron, an action potential can only be generated in the
33. The action potential is a non-graded, all or non event; meaning ___
34. The action potential arises because the plasma membrane has ___ ____ ion channels.
35. Which two types of voltage-gated ion channels contribute to the action potential?
36. Which voltage-gated ion channel opens first and which one opens second in an action
potential?
37. The _____ _, not their amplitude, codes for stimulus intensity in the nervous system.
38. What two factors affect the speed at which an action potential travels down an axon?
39. What is a synapse?
40. Name the two general types of synapses.
41. One important function of the chemical synapse is to allow __
42. The “motor division” of the peripheral nervous system is divided into two functional
divisions, called the _____________ and _______________________ nervous systems.
43. The somatic nervous system carries signals to _____ ____.
44. The autonomic nervous system carries signals to ___ ___.
45. The autonomic nervous system consists of two divisions that act on body organs with ___
____________________________.
46. The Sympathetic Division correlates with ______ ____.
47. The Parasympathetic Division causes ___