Download study guide, nervous tissue, 030717

Physiology 001
Study Guide—Nervous Tissue
Items on test 1 will be drawn from the list below. The items will be identified prior to the test
date.
1. Draw, label, and describe the basic features of a generalized neuron. Then draw the
three types of neurons (multipolar, bipolar, and unipolar) and describe their functions.
2. Identify the different types of neuroglia in the central and peripheral nervous systems
and describe their functions.
3. Show how electrical activity is measured in a neuron. Describe how depolarizing and
hyperpolarizing currents are produced by ionic changes in the extracellular and
intracellular spaces.
4. Describe the roles of the three types of channels in the plasma membrane of a neuron.
Show how they are triggered and when they are active.
5. Draw a resting membrane potential and an action potential and label their components.
Describe how an action potential is generated (chemical and electrical events). Include
all of the events through restoration of the resting membrane potential.
6. Draw and describe the mechanisms for continuous and saltatory conduction in axons.
What effect do these processes have on conduction velocity? What other factors can
affect conduction velocity?
7. Draw and describe the features of the synaptic region of a chemical synapse and how
each contributes to the generation of postsynaptic potentials. How does a chemical
synapse differ from an electrical synapse?
8. Identify eight neurotransmitters and their molecular classifications, and describe the
functions they mediate in the nervous system.
9. What is a neural circuit? Draw four types of neural circuits and describe the roles they
may serve in processing information.
10. Describe plasticity, neurogenesis, and tissue repair as they may (or may not) occur in
the central and peripheral nervous systems of humans.