Download Translation

Day 08
Warm Up- You and your partner will
discuss DNA replication vs transcription
after watching the 2 videos
DNA Replication
Transcription/Translation Video
Title: Translation
Page: 31
EQ: How does Translation lead to the production
of protein?
Date: 10/21
Central Dogma
DNA
mRNA
Protein
Dealing with this
part today!
Transcription Review and
Translation Intro.
Translation:
• decoding of an mRNA
message into a
polypeptide(Protein)
chain
• occurs on a ribosome
(OUTSIDE the nucleus)
Translation:
1. mRNA travels
outside of the
nucleus and
connects to the
ribosome
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
2. transfer RNA (tRNA) brings
amino acids to the ribosome
Amino Acid
3. The ribosome connects the amino acids
to form a polypeptide chain (protein)
Protein
(Polymer)
Amino Acid
(Monomer)
How does tRNA “know” what
amino acid to bring?
Codon:
three consecutive mRNA bases
Ex: GCU
Anticodon:
three complementary tRNA bases
Codon
GCU
CGA
Anticodon
Amino Acid
•tRNA looks for the
codon that pairs with
its anticodon
• the ribosome takes
the amino acid and
attaches it to the
polypeptide chain
mRNA
tRNA
Anticodon
ORDER MATTERS!
order of DNA bases  order of RNA bases 
order of amino acids  what protein is made
tRNA
Amino
acids
mRNA
How to use the Codon Chart:
1. Use the left side to find
the first letter in the
codon
2. Use the top to find the
second letter in the
codon
3. Use the right side to find
the third letter of the
codon
4. Go to where ALL three
overlap on the chart
Did you notice?: The codon “AUG” can specify methionine
or serve as the “start” codon for protein synthesis.
How to use the Codon Wheel:
1. Begin in the middle
with the first letter of
the codon
2. Go outward to the
second letter in the
codon
3. Go outward again to
the third letter in the
codon.
What other codons will tell the ribosome to stop putting
amino acids together? What DNA sequences will give you
these codes?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Fill in your mRNA strand from you DNA
Fill in your tRNA from your mRNA
Circle a Codon
Use your Codon wheel or Chart to find your amino Acid
DNA
mRNA A
tRNA
Amino Acid
U
G
G
C
C
Arginine
C
G
G
C
G
U
C
U
C
G
A
U
C
C
G
C
A
G
A
G
C
U
A
G
Arginine
Valine
Serine
Isoleucine
***Remember we use CODONS to read our CODON chart… not the
anticodons. Anticodons just bring the correct amino acid.
Codon Bingo!
Directions For Playing:
If a codon (example: AAG) is called
out, you must find the amino acid.
If an amino acid (example: serine) is
called out, you must find the codon.
Hint! When finding a codon, there
may be more than one answer…you
can count all possible answers on
your card!