1. The term peptidyltransferase relates to A. base additions during
... 6. Please describe the Base excision repair in E. coli. (5%) 7. Please describe the role played by RecABCD proteins in E. coli. (5%) 8. How does a retrovirus complete its life cycle? (5%) 9. Explain why E. coli lacZ is often used as a reporter gene in yeast cells but not in E. coli cells. (5 %) 10. ...
... 6. Please describe the Base excision repair in E. coli. (5%) 7. Please describe the role played by RecABCD proteins in E. coli. (5%) 8. How does a retrovirus complete its life cycle? (5%) 9. Explain why E. coli lacZ is often used as a reporter gene in yeast cells but not in E. coli cells. (5 %) 10. ...
RNA and Protein Synthesis
... Transcription=part of the nucleotide sequence of DNA is copied into a complementary sequence of RNA. 1. The enzyme RNA polymerase binds to and unzips the DNA. It uses 1 strand as a template. 2. A single strand of mRNA is made. (U) replaces (T). 3. mRNA breaks off from the DNA, leaves the nucleus an ...
... Transcription=part of the nucleotide sequence of DNA is copied into a complementary sequence of RNA. 1. The enzyme RNA polymerase binds to and unzips the DNA. It uses 1 strand as a template. 2. A single strand of mRNA is made. (U) replaces (T). 3. mRNA breaks off from the DNA, leaves the nucleus an ...
Transcription and Translation Candy Activity
... RNA has some key differences from DNA. List them below and make a key for the 4 RNA nucleotides. Paste a picture of the 4 RNA nucleotides clearly labeling: ribose, base, phosphate group and nucleotide name. ...
... RNA has some key differences from DNA. List them below and make a key for the 4 RNA nucleotides. Paste a picture of the 4 RNA nucleotides clearly labeling: ribose, base, phosphate group and nucleotide name. ...
RNA Metabolism Summary Slides as Questions
... Regulation of mRNA concentration within the cell. In bacteria, mRNA halflife is a few minutes; in eukaryotes, can be a few minutes or up to a day. Without degradation, the mRNA concentraion would be out of control.**Bacterial mRNA is degraded by an endoribonuclease followed by 3' to 5' exoribonuclea ...
... Regulation of mRNA concentration within the cell. In bacteria, mRNA halflife is a few minutes; in eukaryotes, can be a few minutes or up to a day. Without degradation, the mRNA concentraion would be out of control.**Bacterial mRNA is degraded by an endoribonuclease followed by 3' to 5' exoribonuclea ...
The DNA Song
... from DNA, by an enzyme called RNA polymerase. In this case, however, thymine is replaced with uracil, so the “new” base pairing rule is C-G & A-U. The mRNA is then able to move through the nuclear membrane into the cytosol. Remember that all RNA is single stranded. ...
... from DNA, by an enzyme called RNA polymerase. In this case, however, thymine is replaced with uracil, so the “new” base pairing rule is C-G & A-U. The mRNA is then able to move through the nuclear membrane into the cytosol. Remember that all RNA is single stranded. ...
Protein Synthesis - Helena High School
... 4. What is the goal of transcription? 5. Where does transcription take place in eukaryotic cells? 6. What RNA molecule copies the DNA code to serve as a template to make proteins? 7. If a section of DNA has the following order of bases, what would the complementary mRNA be? DNA segment: ...
... 4. What is the goal of transcription? 5. Where does transcription take place in eukaryotic cells? 6. What RNA molecule copies the DNA code to serve as a template to make proteins? 7. If a section of DNA has the following order of bases, what would the complementary mRNA be? DNA segment: ...
Chapter 17 - Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes
... e. Transcriptional activation involves changes in nucleosome locations, composition, and histone modifications 3. DNA methylation a. DNA methylation occurs on the cytosine base and usually inhibits gene transcriptoin b. DNA methylation is heritable 4. Insulators a. Insulators may act as a barrier to ...
... e. Transcriptional activation involves changes in nucleosome locations, composition, and histone modifications 3. DNA methylation a. DNA methylation occurs on the cytosine base and usually inhibits gene transcriptoin b. DNA methylation is heritable 4. Insulators a. Insulators may act as a barrier to ...
Chapter 17 - HCC Learning Web
... A) a triplet at the opposite end of tRNA from the attachment site of the amino acid B) a triplet in the same reading frame as an upstream AUG C) a sequence in tRNA at the 3' end D) a triplet separated spatially from other triplets E) a triplet that has no corresponding amino acid 4) What is a ribozy ...
... A) a triplet at the opposite end of tRNA from the attachment site of the amino acid B) a triplet in the same reading frame as an upstream AUG C) a sequence in tRNA at the 3' end D) a triplet separated spatially from other triplets E) a triplet that has no corresponding amino acid 4) What is a ribozy ...
Protein Synth Notes GO New
... A protein and its function is determined by: What’s another word for phenotype? Which macromolecule does the phenotype describe? Which macromolecule does the genotype describe? Which macromolecule does variation describe? ...
... A protein and its function is determined by: What’s another word for phenotype? Which macromolecule does the phenotype describe? Which macromolecule does the genotype describe? Which macromolecule does variation describe? ...
The Genetic Code and Transcription Chapter 12 Honors Genetics
... Characteristics of the Genetic Code • mRNA is written in linear form using DNA as a template for synthesis. • Each “word” in the mRNA strand is composed of a 3-letter sequence called a CODON. • Each CODON specifies a SINGLE Amino Acid. • There is 1 start codon for initiation of protein synthesis an ...
... Characteristics of the Genetic Code • mRNA is written in linear form using DNA as a template for synthesis. • Each “word” in the mRNA strand is composed of a 3-letter sequence called a CODON. • Each CODON specifies a SINGLE Amino Acid. • There is 1 start codon for initiation of protein synthesis an ...
Transparency master
... Codon - a group of 3 nucleotides in mRNA that specifies an amino acid Transcription – process by which mRNA molecules are copied from the DNA Translation – when codons in mRNA are decoded into a sequence of amino acids DNA – deoxyribonucleic acid, double-stranded helix that carries all genetic infor ...
... Codon - a group of 3 nucleotides in mRNA that specifies an amino acid Transcription – process by which mRNA molecules are copied from the DNA Translation – when codons in mRNA are decoded into a sequence of amino acids DNA – deoxyribonucleic acid, double-stranded helix that carries all genetic infor ...
Chapter 10 - Power Point Presentation
... RNA Polymerase binds to the promoter and begins making mRNA This process is directional, it only reads in one direction (much like you reading this text in one direction) ...
... RNA Polymerase binds to the promoter and begins making mRNA This process is directional, it only reads in one direction (much like you reading this text in one direction) ...
The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology states that
... RNAP will bind to the wrong site of the DNA and transcribe the wrong gene ...
... RNAP will bind to the wrong site of the DNA and transcribe the wrong gene ...
Control of gene expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes
... Gene expression is transcription of DNA to make RNA and then using the RNA to make proteins. This process can’t be left on indefinitely. The turning on and off of genes is critical to the development of an organism and the organism functioning properly throughout its life. Eukaryotic control Pretran ...
... Gene expression is transcription of DNA to make RNA and then using the RNA to make proteins. This process can’t be left on indefinitely. The turning on and off of genes is critical to the development of an organism and the organism functioning properly throughout its life. Eukaryotic control Pretran ...
Section 1.5 Name:
... _________________ -‐ Remember, DNA was constructed of nucleotides with a deoxyribose sugar. a. Differences in RNA i. RNA is constructed of nucleotides with a _______________ sugar (not deoxyribose) ii. Also, RNA ...
... _________________ -‐ Remember, DNA was constructed of nucleotides with a deoxyribose sugar. a. Differences in RNA i. RNA is constructed of nucleotides with a _______________ sugar (not deoxyribose) ii. Also, RNA ...
Chapter 11 Notes: DNA and Genes
... In transcription, a single strand of mRNA is copied from DNA, by an enzyme called RNA polymerase. In this case, however, thymine is replaced with uracil, so the “new” base pairing rule is C-G & A-U. The mRNA is then able to move through the nuclear membrane into the cytosol. Remember that all RNA i ...
... In transcription, a single strand of mRNA is copied from DNA, by an enzyme called RNA polymerase. In this case, however, thymine is replaced with uracil, so the “new” base pairing rule is C-G & A-U. The mRNA is then able to move through the nuclear membrane into the cytosol. Remember that all RNA i ...
Control of Gene Expression
... Complementary strands bind to one another Gene sequence may allow formation of a ...
... Complementary strands bind to one another Gene sequence may allow formation of a ...
Polyadenylation
Polyadenylation is the addition of a poly(A) tail to a messenger RNA The poly(A) tail consists of multiple adenosine monophosphates; in other words, it is a stretch of RNA that has only adenine bases. In eukaryotes, polyadenylation is part of the process that produces mature messenger RNA (mRNA) for translation. It, therefore, forms part of the larger process of gene expression.The process of polyadenylation begins as the transcription of a gene finishes, or terminates. The 3'-most segment of the newly made pre-mRNA is first cleaved off by a set of proteins; these proteins then synthesize the poly(A) tail at the RNA's 3' end. In some genes, these proteins may add a poly(A) tail at any one of several possible sites. Therefore, polyadenylation can produce more than one transcript from a single gene (alternative polyadenylation), similar to alternative splicing.The poly(A) tail is important for the nuclear export, translation, and stability of mRNA. The tail is shortened over time, and, when it is short enough, the mRNA is enzymatically degraded. However, in a few cell types, mRNAs with short poly(A) tails are stored for later activation by re-polyadenylation in the cytosol. In contrast, when polyadenylation occurs in bacteria, it promotes RNA degradation. This is also sometimes the case for eukaryotic non-coding RNAs.mRNA molecules in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have polyadenylated 3'-ends, with the prokaryotic poly(A) tails generally shorter and less mRNA molecules polyadenylated.