Download Учитель: Размахнина О

ONE OF NATURE’S FACES
Level: upper-intermediate
Skill: reading for gist and detail, critical reading
Language focus: vocabulary development (natural disasters)
Approx. time: 20 min.
Materials: 1.a set of texts
2 .a computer
3 .a computer presentation
4 . a blackboard
5 . a globe
Objectives
Ss will:
 develop critical thinking
 think about the place of humans in nature
Skill development
Ss will
 practise reading for gist and specific information
 practise deducing the meaning of unknown words and phrases through contextual clues
 practise noticing characteristic features of different texts in relation to the purpose of the
text
Active vocabulary
volcano, lava, cone, crust, magma, ash, chambers, mantle, rock, core
Useful phrases
Ways of expressing personal opinion and predicting
Procedure
Stage
1 Warm-up
2 Speaking
3 Vocabulary
4 Reading
Purpose
to lead into the topic
to encourage Ss to think about natural
phenomena
to practise predicting from visuals
to present and practise topic and response
vocabulary
to pracise reading for gist
Classroom management
whole class
individual
whole class
individual
whole class
whole class
group work
Greeting, introducing students to the issue
Brain-storming
T: Nature is not always friendly and placid. From time to time it is in a bad mood. Can you give
examples of Nature’s furious behaviour?
Natural disasters
flood
Pre-reading
T: Nature has different faces, both ugly and beautiful. Look at one of it!
( showing visual )
Are you scared? Are you interested? What is it? Choose the word from the board.
Ss: Possible answers.
Background information for the teacher
"The face of evil" was captured by crew members aboard the aircraft of the Icelandic Coast
Guard. Showing the three craters in Eyjafjallajökull, they appear to form of a very unpleasant
face, the face of evil.
Vocabulary
T: Look at the screen and read the words.( volcano, lava, cone, magma, ash, chambers, rock )
Now look at the globe and mind the words. ( crust, mantle, core )
Look through the encyclopedia entry and fill in the gaps with the words above. ( Text 1 )
Reading for gist
T: Do you want to know more about volcanoes? Match the headings and the texts. ( Text 2 )
Appendix
Text 1
volcano lava cone crust
magma ash
chambers mantle
rock core
A 1____________ is an opening in the Earth's surface where molten rock can escape from
underneath. About 30 km beneath your feet is the Earth's 2_______________. It's a region of
superhot rock that extends down to the Earth's 3_____________. This region is so hot that
molten rock can squeeze out and form giant bubbles of liquid 4______________ called magma
5_______________. This magma is lighter than the surrounding rock, so it rises up, finding
cracks and weakness in the Earth's 6_______________. When it finally reaches the surface, it
erupts out of the ground as 7____________, ash, volcanic gasses and rock. It's called magma
when it's under the ground, and lava when it erupts onto the surface.
Although volcanoes are all made from hot 8___________ reaching the surface of the Earth and
erupting, there are different kinds. Shield volcanoes have lava flows with low viscosity that flow
dozens of kilometers; this makes them very wide with smoothly sloping flanks. Stratovolcanoes
are made up of different kinds of lava, and eruptions of 9_______________and rock and grow to
enormous heights. Cinder cone volcanoes are usually smaller, and come from short-lived
eruptions that only make a 10__________________about 400 meters high.
Text 2
A. Dangerous neighbour
E. The tallest volcano in the Solar System
B. Appearance of volcanoes
F. The number of volcanoes erupting right now
C. The tallest and biggest volcanoes on Earth. G. The closest neighbour
D. Supervolcanoes
H. Benefits of volcanoes
1. Although some volcanoes can take thousands of years to form, others can grow overnight. For
example, the cinder cone volcano Paricutin appeared in a Mexican cornfield on February 20,
1943. Within a week it was 5 stories tall, and by the end of a year it had grown to more than 336
meters tall. It ended its grown in 1952, at a height of 424 meters. By geology standards, that's
pretty quick.
2. You might think that the peak of Mount Everest is the most distant point from the center of the
Earth, but that's not true. Instead, it's the volcano Chimborazo in Ecuador. That's because the
Earth's is spinning in space and is flattened out. Points at the equator are further from the center
of the Earth than the poles. And Chimborazo is very close to the Earth's equator.
3. Some of the most deadly volcanoes include Krakatoa, which erupted in 1883, releasing a
tsunami that killed 36,000 people. When Vesuvius exploded in AD 79, it buried the towns of
Pompeii and Herculaneum, killing 16,000 people. Mount Pelee, on the island of Martinique
destroyed a town with 30,000 people in 1902. The most dangerous aspect of volcanoes are the
deadly pyroclastic flows that blast down the side of a volcano during an eruption. These contain
ash, rock and water moving hundreds of kilometers an hour, and hotter than 1,000 degrees C.
4. The slopes of volcanoes and the surrounding regions are covered with rich, volcanic soil. For
example, most of Italy has poor soils with bare limestone rock. But the regions around Naples,
the site of Mount Vesuvius, are covered in very rich soil that was deposited in two huge
eruptions 35,000 and 12,000 years ago. This area is planted with grape vines, vegetables and
flowers that grow very well. The soil is rich because the volcanic tephra released in eruptions is
easily weathered by rain.
5. Olympus Mons, on Mars, is a giant shield volcano that rises to an elevation of 27 km, and it
measures 550 km across. Scientists think that Olympus Mons was able to get so large because
there aren't any plate tectonics on Mars. A single hotspot was able to bubble away for billions of
years, building the volcano up bigger and bigger.
6 .Geologists measure volcano eruptions using the Volcano Explosivity Index, which measures
the amount of material released. A "small" eruption like Mount St. Helens was a 5 out of 8,
releasing a cubic kilometer of material. The largest explosion was on record was Toba, thought
to have erupted 73,000 years ago. It released more than 1,000 cubic kilometers of material, and
created a caldera 100 km long and 30 kilometers wide. The explosion plunged the world into a
world wide ice age. Toba was considered an 8 on the VEI.
7. Hawaii's Mauna Kea, with an elevation of 4,207 meters is only a little bigger than the largest
volcano on Earth, Mauna Loa with an elevation of only 4,169 meters. Both are shield volcanoes
that rise up from the bottom of the ocean. If you could measure Mauna Kea from the base of the
ocean to its peak, you'd get a true height of 10,203 meters (and that's bigger than Mount Everest).
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THE KEYS
Text 1
1. volcano
2. mantle
3. core
4. rock
5. chambers
6. crust
7. lava
8. magma
9. ash
10. cone
Text 2
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
B
G
A
H
E
D
C
Internet resources
http://www.universetoday.com/guide-to-space/earth/10-interesting-facts-about-volcanoes/
http://www.google.ru/imglanding?q=main%20features%20of%20a%20volcano&imgurl=http://
www.geography.learnontheinternet.co.uk/images/nathaz/volcanoxsec.gif&imgrefurl=http://www
.geography.learnontheinternet.co.uk/topics/whatvolcano.html&h=400&w=400&sz=25&tbnid=O
d46q4u3QDzGM:&tbnh=124&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dmain%2Bfeatures%2Bof%2B
a%2Bvolcano&zoom=1&q=main+features+of+a+volcano&usg=__ILG5UrTcZyyIOkpZ1twCQ
1cdo6s=&sa=X&ei=R67dTMrHDNGeOruZ1OMO&ved=0CBkQ9QEwAA&start=0#tbnid=vSC
t9TaAvj2ZaM&start=1