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Rocks and Minerals Study Guide 1. _______________________________________________ are natural non-living substances that make up rocks. 2. There are over 3,000 minerals found on earth, yet only about 30 minerals are common in rocks. They are called the __________________________________________________________________________________________. 3. ___________________________________________________ describes how shiny or dull a rock is. 4. Cleavage describes the way a rock ____________________________________ up. 5. _____________________________________________ is the mark that is left by scratching a rock on a light surface. 6. Hardness compares the minerals to one another by seeing if one _______________________________ the other. 7. There are 3 types of rocks ________________________, ____________________________, and ____________________________. 8. Igneous Rocks are melted rock that is ___________________________________________. 9. _________________________________________ is melted rock under the surface of the earth. 10. __________________________________________is melted rock above the surface of the earth. 11. __________________________________________ igneous rock hardens below the earth’s surface. 12. __________________________________________igneous rock hardens above the earth’s surface. 13. Sedimentary rocks are formed over long periods of time by _________________ pressing together to form layers. 14. Extreme __________________ and _________________________ cause Metamorphic Rocks to develop deep below the earth’s surface. Igneous Heat Pressure Sediments Rock-forming minerals Intrusive Luster Metamorphic Breaks Magma Cooled Streak Minerals Sedimentary Scratches Lava Extrusive
