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Name : Put a check in the box each time you answer the question correctly Science Review checklist Part Two Cover the right column with a piece of paper or your hand. Answer the question and check your answer. Each time you answer correctly, put a check in the little box. By test time, you'll want a check in each of the boxes. Cover these answers! 1. Sound is a form of energy produced by: vibrating matter 2. Sound travels in: waves 3. The ______ of a sound is the number of vibration in a given time. frequency 4. An object vibrating faster will have a higher frequency and a higher: pitch 5. Sound is a ______ wave. compression 6. The distance between compressions, or between the peaks of two waves is the: wavelength 7. What kind of matter does sound travel through fastest? solids 8. Sound travels slower through gases than through liquids and solids because the molecules in gases are: farthest apart 9. Dogs, bats and other animals can hear ________ sounds that humans cannot hear. Whales can hear lower frequency sounds. high frequency 10. Musical instruments _____ to produce sounds. vibrate 11. An instrument that uses sound echoes to measure see the ocean floor or underwater objects is a: sonar 12. _______ is a combination of several different wavelengths of light traveling together. white light 13. The wavelengths of light from longest to shortest are red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet. To remember this we use: Roy G. Biv 14. The color light with the longest wavelength is: red 15. The color light with the shortest wavelength is: violet 16. Light travels much _____ than sound through the atmosphere. faster 17. It takes light from the sun _______ to travel 150 million km to Earth. 81/2 minutes 18. Light travels in straight paths called: rays 19. Light travels fastest through: a vacuum or empty space 20. When light bounces off an object, it is: reflected 21. When light bends, it is: refracted 22. When light passes through an object, it is: transmitted 23. Light passes easily through a window because the glass is: transparent 24. Some light can pass through wax paper. Wax paper is: translucent 25. Light can't travel through a wall. A wall is: opaque 26. When white light passes through a ________ , the different wavelengths bend at different angles, so we see a rainbow of colors. prism 27. A concave and convex lenses bend or _____ light. refract 28. There are over 100 pure substances, called: elements 29. The smallest part of an element is an: atom 30. When two of more elements combine to make a completely new substance, it is called a: compound 31. The smallest part of compound is a: molecule 32. H2O is a compound known as: water 33. NaCl (Sodium Chloride) is a compound called: salt 34. Substances that combined but can be separated again are called: mixtures 35. A mixture in which one substance dissolves in another is called a: solution 36. Sugar mixed into water is a_______ because if the water evaporated, the sugar would remain in the container. solution (a type of mixture) 37. The three states of matter are: solid, liquid, and gas 38. If you heat a solid, it may: melt into a liquid 39. If you heat a liquid, it may: evaporate into a gas 40. If you cool a gas, it may _______ into a liquid. condense 41. If you cool a liquid, it may ______ into a solid. freeze 42. Clouds, dew, water droplets on the outside of a glass on a hot day, are all caused by: condensation 43. When you heat matter, the atoms and molecules: move faster and usually spread apart 44. In a solid, the molecules are: tightly packed and barely moving 45. In a gas the molecules are: moving fast and spread apart 46. Living things are made of: cells 47. Using a ______ you can see many parts of a cell. microscope 48. Plant cells tend to be: rectangular 49. The control center of the cell is the: nucleus 50. The jellylike substance in a cell is the: cytoplasm 51. The water and waste storage sacs in a cell are called: vacuoles 51. The outer layer of an animal cell is the: cell membrane 52.53. Plant cell have cell membranes but they have another stiff outer layer called the: cell wall 54. Plants cell also have _____ which hold chlorophyll needed for chloroplasts photosynthesis. 55. Name the 5 kingdoms of living things. Plants, Animals, Fungi, Monera, Protists 56. To which kingdom to bacteria belong? Monera 57. To which kingdom to mushrooms belong? Fungi 58. . To which kingdom do most algae belong? Protists 59. Are most plants vascular or nonvascular? Vascular 60. Plants that do not have special veins to transport food and water nonvascular are: 61. Name a nonvascular plant. moss 62. Animals with backbones are: vertebrates 63. Animals without backbones are: invertebrates 64. Snakes, lizards and fish are: vertebrates 65. clams, squid, worms and insects are: invertebrates 66. The ocean covers how much of the Earth? 70% 67. The shallow parts of the ocean floor at the edges of the continents make up the: continental shelf 68. The salinity of the ocean varies. Salinity means: saltiness 69. Wind patterns and different water densities cause: ocean currents 70. As the depth of the ocean increases, what else increases? water pressure 71. As the depth of the ocean increases, what decreases? temperature and the amount of light 72. An ocean current which carries warm water from the equator to Europe is: The Gulf Stream 73. The greatest variety of ocean life is in the shallowest part of the ocean, above the: continental shelf 74. These tiny plant-like organisms produce much of the Earth's oxygen and serve as the basis of the ocean ecosystem Phytoplankton 75. Phytoplankton, like other plants, need sunlight for photosynthesis, and therefore live : On the ocean's surface 76. The deepest parts of the ocean are: trenches 77. It is mostly the pull of the moon's gravity that causes: tides 78. Underwater mountains caused by plate movements are: mid-ocean ridges 79. Three types of rock are: sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous 80. Over a period of time, layers of sediment are pressed together to Sedimentary form these types of rocks. 81. When molten rock or magma cools below the Earth's surface or cools after erupting from a volcano as lava, this type of rock is formed. Igneous rock 82. Rocks formed from other types of rocks by intense heat and pressure deep within the Earth are called: Metamorphic rocks 83. Sedimentary rocks often contain these remains of organisms which tell us a lot about life and Earth in the past. fossils 84. Scientific evidence indicates the Earth is how old? 4.6 billion years old 85. The Earth's surface is constantly changing due to heat and pressure within the Earth and weathering and erosion at the surface. The Rock Cycle These processes constantly change rock from one type to another in a cycle called: 86. The two layers of the Earth that are composed mostly of rocky material are: The crust and mantle 87. The layers composed mostly of iron and nickel Inner and outer core 88. Heat energy causes movement of material within the Earth. Large, continent-sized blocks that move slowly about the Earth's surface due to this heat energy are called: plates 89. Most earthquakes and volcanoes are located at the boundary of faults the plates, called: 90. Mountain ranges, including the Appalachian mountains, midocean ridges and trenches are caused by: Plate movements 91. Rocks on the Earth's surface are constantly being broken down by chemical processes, weather, glaciers and even tree roots. Rocks are broken into smaller pieces in a process called: weathering 92. Weather rock material, sand and soil can be moved by water and wind in a process called: erosion 93. Roots hold soil in place. How can soil erosion be prevented? planting trees and other vegetation 94. Mountains are usually caused by: plate movements 95. Mountains and volcanoes usually form on the _____ between two plates, when the plates push together or split apart. (convergent boundaries and divergent boundaries) 96. Plates that slide against each other are called sliding boundaries earthquakes. - They cause: