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Study Guide
Mitosis
Steps of the cell cycle
(Textbook pages 94 – 95)
1. Interphase – Cell spends most of its life in this phase. Chromosomes and
organelles are copied before the end of this phase.
2. Prophase – Mitosis begins. Nuclear membrane breaks apart and chromosomes
condense into rod like structures. They begin to move to the opposite sides of
the cell.
Prophase
3. Metaphase – Chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell.
Metaphase
4. Anaphase – Chromatids separate and are pulled to opposite sides of the cell by
fibers attached to the centrioles.
Anaphase
5. Telophase – The nuclear membrane forms around the 2 sets of chromosomes.
They unwind and the fibers disappear. Mitosis ends.
Telophase
6. Cytokinesis – Cytoplasm splits into two after mitosis is complete. The result is
2 identical cells. End of mitosis.
7. Cell Cycle (Textbook page 92) – The life cycle of a cell.
8. The human body cells have 46 homologous chromosomes or 23 pairs
(Textbook page 93).
9. Centromere – Where Chromatids are held together (Textbook page 93).
10.Mitosis – The complicated process of chromosome separation (Textbook page
93). Includes prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
11.Meiosis – formation of sex cells. Involves a second division, so that sperm and
egg cells end up with ½ the DNA of a regular body cell.
12.Binary fission – Cell division in which one cell splits into 2 parts (Textbook
page 92).
13.There are four stages to mitosis (Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and
Telophase) (Textbook page 93).
14.Chromosomes – Where the DNA of a cell is organized into structures
(Textbook page 93).
15.Chromatids – identical copies of chromosomes, held together by the
centromere.
16.Cell Plate – When plant cells divide, a cell plate forms in the middle of the cell,
and the cell is split in two (Textbook page 95, Figure 14).