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Teacher: Leah Olivas School: Carlsbad Intermediate School Unit Plan: 8th Grade General Science/Pre-AP General Science Unit Plan Title: Interactions of the Solar System (Stars and Planets) Unit Plan Questions: What makes our solar system unique? What kind of star is our sun? What makes the Earth unique? What are the forces acting on the planets, stars and other objects in the solar system? Essential Questions: How are the inner planets different from the outer planets? What is an astronomical unit and how is it used? What is the shape of a planet’s orbit? How are the inner planets similar? Why is Venus hotter than Mercury? What kind of atmospheres do the inner planets have? How are the outer planets similar? What are the outer planets made of? What is a dwarf planet? What are the characteristics of comets and asteroids? How does an impact crater form? What can astronomers learn about stars from their light? How do scientists measure the distance and the brightness of objects in the sky? How do stars shine? How are stars layered? How does the Sun change over short periods of time? How are stars classified? How do stars form? How does a star’s mass affect its evolution? How is star matter recycled in space? What are the major types of galaxies? What is the Milky Way and how is it related to the solar system? DOK Questions: How are the inner planets similar and different? How are the outer planets similar and different? What are the unique features of our solar system? How does the sun produce light and heat? How do scientist explore and explain the universe? Content Questions: What are the temperatures of known stars? What are the instruments and techniques scientist use to learn about stars, planets and the universe? How does gravity affect objects in the solar system and the universe? What are the orbits of objects in the solar system? What processes occur on the Earth’s surface? How does Earth’s magnetic field affect properties of the Earth? How do nuclear forces affect elements? Unit Summary: This unit will explore the relationships between the Earth, solar system and star systems. The unique properties of the Earth provide the perfect environment for life. The solar system is in motion and each planet has a unique environment. The properties of each planet and object in the solar system are related to the distance from the sun and gravitational pulls from other objects. Each planet has unique features. Features studied on the Earth can be used to interpret features found on other planets. The sun is a main sequence star that provides the heat and energy needed for life on Earth. The properties of the sun explain many other characteristics in the solar system and the galaxy. Observations of our sun and other stars provide the information needed to understand the unique properties in our solar system. Physics, chemistry and biology concepts are used to study and understand the Earth, planets and the Sun. Common Core State Standards Addressed: CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RST.6-8.4 Determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and other domain-specific words and phrases as they are used in a specific scientific or technical context relevant to grades 6–8 texts and topics. NM Standards and Benchmarks Addressed: 08.04.04.01. Describe how the concepts of energy, matter, and force can be used to explain the observed behavior of the solar system, the universe, and their structures. 08.04.04.01.01. Understand how energy from the sun and other stars, in the form of light, travels long distances to reach Earth. 08.04.04.01.02. Explain how the properties of light (e.g., emission, reflection, refraction) emitted from the sun and stars are used to learn about the universe, including 08.04.04.01.02.01. distances in the solar system and the universe 08.04.04.01.02.02. temperatures of different stars. 08.04.04.01.03. Understand how gravitational force acts on objects in the solar system and the universe, including: 08.04.04.01.03.01. similar action on masses on Earth and on other objects in the solar system 08.04.04.01.03.02. explanation of the orbits of the planets around the sun. 08.04.04.02. Describe the structure of Earth and its atmosphere and explain how energy, matter, and forces shape Earth's systems. 08.04.04.02.01. Describe the role of pressure (and heat) in the rock cycle. 08.04.04.02.02. Understand the unique role water plays on Earth, including: 08.04.04.02.02.01. ability to remain liquid at most Earth temperatures 08.04.04.02.02.02. properties of water related to processes in the water cycle: evaporation, condensation, precipitation, surface run-off, percolation 08.04.04.02.02.03. dissolving of minerals and gases and transport to the oceans 08.04.04.02.02.04. fresh and salt water in oceans, rivers, lakes, and glaciers 08.04.04.02.02.05. reactant in photosynthesis. 08.04.02.03.06. Know that Earth has a magnetic field. 08.04.02.03.01. Know that there are fundamental forces in nature (e.g., gravity, electromagnetic forces, nuclear forces). Student Objectives/Learning Outcomes: I will explain the process of water and its unique properties. I will explore and describe the formation of rocks on Earth. I will identify the characteristics of each layer of the Earth’s atmosphere. I will research and present the unique features and important details of our solar system and our galaxy. I will explore the effects of gravity on objects in the solar system. I will identify the similar forces throughout the universe. I will explain and identify the process of nuclear fission and fusion. Approximate Time Needed: 3 weeks Bellwork: (Assign each day by coordinating week for each Lesson/Concept) Quick Writes: What is the difference between an inner planet and an outer planet? What are some unique features of our solar system? Where is our solar system located? What is the sun made up of? How does the sun produce light and heat? Vocabulary: KIM Chart or record in journal/binder Vocabulary Worksheets: McGraw Hill Resources or 8th Grade Resource Binder Essential Questions: Record in journal/binder Practice: Vocabulary Quiz or Lesson Reviews Lessons: 5E Procedures/Actions: (The following table is a description of the activities that will happen within a week/unit. Some of these are bellwork, anticipatory, lessons or assessments. Each day will include two or more of the 5E Phases.) Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Engage Quick Write: What is the difference between an inner planet and an outer planet? What are some unique features of our solar system? Where is our solar system located? Explore Webquest: Weight on the Moon and other planets Explain Chapter 3 Lesson 1: The Structure of the Solar System page 8289, Lesson 2 The Inner Planets pages 90-95, Elaborate Webquest: Evaluate Exit Ticket: Videos: Earth Compared to the Rest of the Universe https://www.yout ube.com/watch?v =1Eh5BpSnBBw and How Small Our Earth is https://www.youtu be.com/watch?v=U JXQZALNFrc Ping Pong Fission Webquest: Unique features of the Earth’s surface Lesson 3: The Outer Planets pages 98-103 and Lesson 4: Dwarf Planets and Other Objects pages 106-110 Vocab and Essential Questions Power Point presentation over the solar system Power Point of Solar System Savage Sun from United Streaming Life Cycle of a Star Worksheet Chapter 4 Lesson 1: The View from Earth pages 122128, Lesson 2 The Sun and other Stars pages 130136 Lesson 3: Evolution of Stars pages 138-144 and Lesson 4: Galaxies and the Universe pages 146-152 Vocab and Essential Questions Radioactive Decay Lab and Cloud Chamber Videos Exit Slip: Explanation of Radioactive Decay Pre AP Extension: Chapter 29 Section 1: Earth in Space, Notes Chapter 30 Section 1: Planet Motion, Notes Chapter 30 Section 2: The Inner Planets, Notes Chapter 30 Section 3: The Outer Planets, Notes Chapter 20 Section 2: Nuclear Decays and Reactions, Notes Chapter 31 Section 2: Evolution of Stars, Notes Chapter 31 Section 3: Galaxies and the Milky Way, Notes Prerequisite Skills: Interactive Journal or Binder Sections from previous lessons Computer skills to run applets Group discussion procedures Materials and Resources Needed: Science Books (McGraw Hill I-Science Series 8th Grade) Journals/Binders Copies of Resources Computer Lab for Virtual Labs and WebQuests Paper for Posters and Foldables Accommodations and Differentiation: The unit will be accommodated and differentiated for the students in each individual class. The accommodations and differentiations listed below include all students. IEP: Assessment: Reduced number of questions Chunked questions Directions read aloud Instructional: Repeat/rephrase instructions Recorded books Hands-on experiments Study/Work Aids: Vocabulary Interactive notebook with highlighted sections Additional time to complete assignments Visual examples with lecture Classroom Organization and Management: Preferential seating Consistent expectations and consequences Frequent feedback Assess to Technology: Overhead Projector Calculator Computer with printer WIDA: Entering Listening • Follow one-step oral commands/instructions Reading • Match content–related objects/pictures to words • Identify common symbols, signs, and words Writing • Draw content-related pictures • Label pictures and graphs • Create vocabulary/concept cards Beginning Listening • Follow multi-step oral commands/instructions • Classify/sort content-related visuals per oral descriptions • Sequence visuals per oral directions • Identify information on charts or tables based on oral statements Reading • Find information from text structure (e.g., titles, graphs, glossary) • Follow text read aloud (e.g., tapes, teacher, paired-readings) • Use pre-taught vocabulary (e.g., word banks) to complete simple sentences Writing • Extend “sentence starters” with original ideas • Respond to yes/no, choice, and some WH- questions Developing Listening • Categorize content- based examples from oral directions • Match main ideas of familiar text read aloud to visuals • Use learning strategies described orally • Identify everyday examples of content-based concepts described orally Reading • Use context clues • Make predictions based on illustrated text • Answer questions about explicit information in texts Writing • Explain steps in problem- solving • Compare/contrast information, events, characters • Give opinions, preferences, and reactions along with reasons Expanding Listening • Identify main ideas and details of oral discourse • Complete content-related tasks or assignments based on oral discourse • Apply learning strategies to new situations Reading • Identify specific language of different genres and informational texts • Use an array of strategies (e.g., skim and scan for information) Writing • Justify ideas • Produce content-related reports • Use details/examples to support ideas • Paraphrase or summarize text • Take notes (e.g., for research) Bridging Listening • Use oral information to accomplish grade-level tasks • Make inferences from grade-level text read aloud Reading • Differentiate and apply multiple meanings of words/ phrases • Apply strategies to new situations • Infer meaning from modified grade-level text • Critique material and support argument Writing • Produce research reports using multiple sources/ citations Gifted/Challenge/Enrichment: In depth study of the structure of Earth and planets Mars orbital and rover articles about planetary studies Differentiation: Choice Board for assignments after instruction Flexible grouping after pre-assessments Visual, auditory, tactile and kinesthetic Individualized feedback Peer helpers Open-ended prior knowledge questions Student Assessments: Power Point presentation Exit Slips Life Cycle of a Star