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Name:__________________________________________ Block:_______________________ Directions: Use the following documents to answer the questions which follow ROME Primary Source Documents Document 1 Compare the EXTENT of Roman rule in the Roman Republic to the Roman Empire ROMAN REPUBLIC ROMAN EMPIRE 1a Where did the Roman Republic begin? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 1b What territories were a part of the Roman Republic by 264 BC? (darkest gray) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 1c What areas were added during the Roman Empire? Document 2 Executive Legislative Judicial Legal code Citizenship Comparing Republican Governments Rome US Two consuls, elected by the assembly A president, elected by the people for one year-chief executives of the for four years-chief executive of government and commanders-in-chief the government and commanderof the army in-chief of the army Senate of 300 members, chosen form Senate of 100 members, elected by aristocracy for life-controls foreign the people for six-year termsand financial policies, advises consuls. makes laws, advises president on foreign policy. Centuriate Assembly, all citizensoldiers are members for life- selects House of Representatives of 435 consuls, makes laws. members, elected by the people for two years- makes laws, originates Tribal Assembly, citizens grouped revenue bills. according to where they live are members for life – elects tribunes and makes laws. Praetors, eight judges chosen for one Supreme Court, nine justices year by Centuriate Assembly- two appointed for life by presidentoversee civil and criminal courts (the highest court, hears civil and others govern provinces). criminal appeals cases. Twelve Tables- a list of rules that was U.S. Constitution- basic law of the the basis of Roman legal system United States All adult male landowners All native-born or naturalized adults 2a Using the document, give 3 similarities between governments of Rome and the United States ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2b How is the government of Rome different from Athens’ direct democracy? (use Greece notes on Athens) ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Document 3 This is where the water flowed Roman aqueduct Greek Building 3a One major invention of Rome was the aqueduct. Using the photograph what was the purpose of an aqueduct? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3b Compare the aqueduct to the image of Greek Architecture on the right. What elements are borrowed from the Greeks? What is different? ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3d What might such a sophisticated engineering device tell you about Rome? ____________________________________________________________________________________ Document 4 Rome’s location gave it easy access to the riches of the lands ringing the Mediterranean Sea. Roman merchants moved by land and sea. They traded Roman wine and olive oil for a variety of foods, raw materials, and manufactured goods from other lands. 4a What did the Roman economy function around? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 4b How would you compare the Roman economy to the Greek economy? ____________________________________________________________________________________ Document 5 Greek god Relationship Role Zeus husband and brother of Hera King and father of gods, sky. Thunderbolt, eagle. Jupiter Hera wife and sister of Zeus Queen and mother of gods; veil, cuckoo, pomegranate, women, marriage, maternity. peacock Juno Athena daughter of Zeus, but not of Hera. Sprung from the head of Zeus fully-formed. war (strategy), wisdom, weaving, protector of Athens Owl, Armor, shield, gorgoneion (head of Medusa on breast plate) Minerva Ares son of Hera and Zeus war, strife, blind courage Armor Mars love, beauty Cupid, Eros (her son) Venus Attribute Roman Counterpart Homer: daughter of Zeus and Dione (a Titan); Aphrodite Apollo Hesiod: she sprung from the sea foam that formed around the severed genitals of Uranus. son of Zeus and Leto (daughter of the Titans solar light, reason, prophecy, lyre, bow, quiver Coeüs and Pheobe); brother of Artemis medicine, music Phoebus 5a Identify 2 traits this chart tells you about Roman religion? ____________________________________________________________________________________