Download THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
The Function of the
Circulatory System
The main role is to transport
nutrients, carbon dioxide,
oxygen, hormones, and
wastes through the body.
Main Organs of the Circulatory
System:
• Heart
• Blood
• Vessels
Functions of the Heart
• Generating blood pressure
• Routing blood
• Heart separates pulmonary and systemic
circulations
• Ensuring one-way blood flow
• Heart valves ensure one-way flow
• Regulating blood supply
• Changes in contraction rate and force match
blood delivery to changing metabolic needs
• Pulmonary circuit
• The blood pathway
between the right side
of the heart, to the
lungs, and back to the
left side of the heart.
• Systemic circuit
• The pathway between
the left and right sides
of the heart.
THE HEART
• The heart causes blood to flow throughout
the body because of it’s pumping action;
• The human heart has 4 chambers;
• The top 2 are called the atria; they receive
blood
• The bottom 2 are called ventricles and
they pump the blood out of the heart
Interior & Exterior of Heart
BLOOD
• Made of liquid and solids parts
• Bright-red when full of oxygen and darkred when it is oxygen poor
• Very important because blood is what
carries nutrients, wastes, and gasses
throughout the entire body
PARTS OF BLOOD:
The liquid part of the blood is known as
plasma. It is 97% water. It enables the
solid particles to flow through the vessels.
The solid parts are white blood cells, red
blood cells, and platelets.
Red blood cells (Erythrocytes)- Red Blood Cells
–Carry hemoglobin and oxygen. Do not have a nucleus
and live only about 120 days.
–Can not repair themselves.
carry oxygen molecules
White blood cells-Leukocytes
• fight disease
• Fight infection and are formed in the
bone marrow
• Five types – neutrophils,
lymphocytes, eosinophils,
basophils, and monocytes.
Platelets-Thrombocytes
• make blood clots so you don’t bleed to
death
• These are cell fragment that are formed in
the bone marrow from magakaryocytes.
• Clot Blood by sticking together – via
protein fibers called fibrin.
Blood traveling through
vessels
BLOOD VESSELS
3 types of vessels: Arteries, Veins, and
Capillaries
Arteries take blood away from the heart and
are thick and muscular
Veins take blood back to the heart and are
thin
Capillaries are microscopic and hook to the
individual cells
ARTERIES
VEINS
Capillaries
Disorders of the Circulatory
System
• Anemia - lack of iron in the blood, low RBC count
• Leukemia - white blood cells proliferate wildly, causing
anemia
• Hemophilia - bleeder’s disease, due to lack of fibrinogen in
thrombocytes
• Heart Murmur - abnormal heart beat, caused by valve
problems
• Heart attack - blood vessels around the heart become
blocked with plaque, also called myocardial infarction
REAL HUMAN HEART