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St. Charles Community College Fall 2015 Introduction to Cultural Anthropology ANT 102-01 Exam 2 Study Guide: Textbook Chapters 5-9 Reader articles (Ties that Bind but not Inuit Paradox) 5 videos Chapter 5: Making a Living Understanding of the 5 methods of “making a living” (also called adaptive strategies): Foraging, Horticulture, Pastoralism, Agriculture, & Industrialism You should have a general idea of what was important about each group of people we studied—from class lectures (including videos) and Reader articles. What is potlatching? What is redistribution? Examples from different cultures? What are the 3 types of reciprocity? Be able to give an example of each. Chapter 6: Political Systems What is the difference between stratification and egalitarianism? What is the difference between laws and norms How did the Inuit resolve conflicts, particularly adultery and wife stealing? Main features of bands, tribes, chiefdoms, and states (or nation-states) in terms of wealth, power and prestige. What was the Igbo Women’s War? What are the definitions of wealth, power, and prestige? Chapter 7: Kinship, Marriage, & Families What is a sororate? Levirate? What is dowry? Lobola? What are endogamy and exogamy? What is the difference between clans and lineages? Between stipulated and demonstrated descent? Difference between nuclear family and extended family; examples from various cultures What are zadrugas and tarawads? Among which societies do we find them? Which cultures practice patrilineal descent/patrilocality? Which cultures practice matrilineal descent/matrilocality? What are some non-Western types of marriage, and which cultures practice them? What are polygyny and polyandry? Why do societies practice them? What is fraternal polyandry? Which culture practices it, and why? What is the walking marriage among the Mosua of China? Chapter 8: Gender What is the difference between sex and gender? Which cultures practice homosexuality, and in what context? What do anthropologists think is the purpose of incest restrictions? If a society is strictly matrilineal or strictly patrilineal, how does that affect their incest restriction? What is the domestic-public dichotomy? From the video “The Third Sex”: Check the study guide, posted in Canvas What is a berdache, which societies recognize this, and what kind of life did a berdache lead? The definitions of cissexual and androgyny How does the importance of gender vary in bands, tribes, chiefdoms, and states (or nation-states) Chapter 9: Religion What are Tylor’s 3 stages of the evolution of religion? What are the main differences? Know the definition, and be able to describe an example, of religion, communitas, mana, taboo, liminality, leveling mechanism What is the difference between “sacred” and “profane” in terms of religion? What are cargo cults? Why do societies use witchcraft accusations? Differences between mana in Melanesia and mana in Polynesia. 3 stages of a rite of passage What are the 5 key characteristics of religion?