Download Genetics test Unit Exam Answer Key

Name________________________________Date__________Period__________
Multiple Choice: Circle the best answer 3 points each
1. During the end of Interphase, before the cell enters Mitosis, the DNA:
A. Duplicates
B. Disappears
C. Leaves the nucleus
D. Divides in half
2. During Anaphase, the chromosomes:
A. Duplicate
C. Are pulled to opposite ends of cell
B. Disappear
D. Line up in the middle of the cell
3. The main purpose of Mitosis is to:
A. Create sex cells
C. Create a new organism
B. Replicate the original cell
D. Sexually reproduce
4. An example of sexual reproduction is:
A. Strawberries
C. Wisconsin Fast Plants
B. Tulips
D. All of the above
5. Chromosomes are located in:
A. The cytoplasm
C. The centromere
B. The nucleus
D. The cell wall
6. A gene is:
A. a visible trait
C. a recessive trait
B. a portion of DNA
D. the entire chromosome
7. A red flower is crossed with a white flower, resulting in a flower that in only pink flowers. This is an
example of:
A. Dominant and recessive genes
B. Chromosomes crossing
C. Incomplete Dominance
D. Cloning
8. Meiosis only takes place in:
A. Skin cells
C. Reproductive cells
B. Cells recovering from an injury
D. Cell walls
Fill in the blanks: 3 points each
9. _Gregor Mendel__ studied pea plants and made key genetic discoveries.
10. Reginald Punnett developed the Punnett Square which shows the probability of offspring having a
certain trait.
11. A human cell contains 46 chromosomes. After Meiosis, each daughter cell each has
_23__chromosomes.
For questions 9-11, assume that tall (T) is dominant to short (t) for pea plant height.
3 points each
12. A short pea plant MUST have the genotype__tt____________.
13. If a pea plant is homozygous tall, what is the genotype?_______Tt_____________
14. The heterozygous pea plant has the phenotype of ____tall______________.
Short Answer- Answer the following in complete sentences.
15. List the steps of Mitosis starting with Interphase. (you can bullet this answer) 1 point each
Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Cytokinesis
16. Describe 2 things that take place during Interphase. 4 points
Cell rests
Chromosomes not visible
DNA duplicates
Cell growth
17. What is the difference between cytokinesis in plant and animal cells? 4 points
Plant cell- divides from the middle outward
Animal cell- Pinches off
18. Describe the difference between genotype and phenotype. 4 points
Genotype is the internal code and phenotype is the physical characteristics.
19. List three pros OR cons describing the implications of cloning. 3 points
Word Problems- Explain each result with a complete sentence. Include the percent of
the offspring that will show the trait and show all work.
4 points show work 3 points answer
20
Orange skin color is dominant to yellow skin color in Oompa Loompa land.
If an Oompa Loompa with heterozygous genes for skin color were crossed with an Oompa
Loompa with yellow skin, what are the chances that their offspring will have orange skin?
50% chance that offspring will be orange.
21
Red eyes are dominant to yellow eyes in fruit flies.
If two heterozygous fruit flies are crossed, what percentage of their offspring will have yellow
eyes?
25% of the offspring will have yellow eyes.
22.
Tall pea plants are dominant to short pea plants.
If a tall pea plant is crossed with a short pea plant, show how it is possible to create an offspring
that is short.
Both parents have to have a recessive gene. One parent must be heterozygous for tall (Tt)
23.
Below are sex cells that will combine to make an offspring. Match the single chromosomes and
list the traits that the offspring will have according to the chart.
Trait
Height
Eyes
Whiskers
Legs
Teeth
Fur
Parent 1
Dominant form
T= Tall
B=brown
W= long
L= 4 legs
H= teeth
F= long fur
T
b
W
L
h
f
t
b
w
L
H
f
Offspring
Trait
Height
:
Genotype
Phenotype
Tall
Tt
Eyes
blue
bb
Whiskers
whiskers
Ww
Legs
4 legs
LL
Teeth
Teeth
hH
Fur
Short fur
ff
24. Sketch the offspring below. Label each trait!
Recessive form
t= short
b=blue
w=short
l=4 legs
h= no teeth
f= short fur
Parent 2