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Study guide: The Spread of Islam - Test Monday 10/24 Before Monday 10/24 STUDY – make sure you know the information on this sheet NEATLY complete the mapping assignment On Monday 10/24 Bring completed map Bring Time Magazine article Muhammad In 570 = born in Makkah. 25 = married a rich 40 year old widow. concluded there was only one god (same as Jews and Christians). In 610, = vision – the angel Gabriel told Muhammad to preach Makkah = worried about drinking, gambling and corruption Makkah = worship of false gods Madina o once called Yathrib o where Muhammad proved himself to be an able leader Ali o Muhammad’s cousin o married to Muhammad’s daughter o Muhammad’s adoptive brother Islam Arabic word for “God” is Allah holy scriptures are called the Quran pilgrimage to Makkah to pray in front of the holy Ka’bah Ka’bah was built by Adam and rebuilt by Abraham and Ishmael Rightly Guided Caliphs Abu Bakr was the first caliph Islamic Art designed to create a sense of wonderment remind the viewer of God’s existence infinitely repeating patterns = God’s unchanging laws Aniconism o absence of human figures o common in Islamic art o not expressly forbidden in the Quran Options: Article citation for extra credit Quotes for history themes Arab Contributions Most of Islam’s scholarly work done in the Dark Ages = growth and knowledge stopped in Europe Arab astronomers o correctly described the eclipse of the sun o proved that the moon affects the tides o named stars (many names still used today) famous poems by Omar Khayyám = Rubáiyát book that was used in European medical schools for 500 years = Canon of Medicine Umayyad first caliph Mu’awiya moved the capital to Damascus Muslim Spain Spain remain under Muslim control Seven centuries Moors o Muslim Arabs in North Africa o invaded Spain in 710 o set up a kingdom that allowed religious freedom o Spain flourished under their control Arab Women taught that raising a female child = Paradise Women entitled to half husband’s wealth right to their inheritance a man could have up to four wives Five Pillars of Islam Shahada – English name: Faith Explanation: There is no god worthy of worship except God and Muhammad is his messenger Salat – English name: Prayer Explanation: Pray five times a day facing Mecca Zakah – English name: Almsgiving Explanation: All things belong to God. Muslims should give 2.5% or 1/40th of all that they own each year in charity Sawm – English name: Fasting Explanation: All Muslims fast during the daylight hours of the month of Ramadan except those who are sick, elderly, pregnant or nursing. Hajj – English name: Pilgrimage Explanation: Once in a lifetime all Muslims must make a trip to Mecca if financially and physically able. Muslims circle Ka’aba seven times. Short Answer Completely answer each question as specifically as possible. You will need to restate the question in your answer and use examples to support your answer. If you would like to write out an answer and have me check it, I will. You may not use these answers on the test, but it is good practice. 1. 2. 3. 4. Explain the difference between the Sunni and the Shi’ah. What were some of the accomplishments of the Umayyads? How did the Arab Empire change under the Abbasids? Why were the years from 710 to around 1300 called the Golden Age of Muslim Spain? The Islamic Empire – 20 points of your test Use the map titled “The Expansion of Islam” on page 337 to complete this assignment. 1. Write your name and section number clearly in a corner on the back of the map 2. In blue colored pencil, color the water 3. In black pen, label the following using all capital letters: Europe, Asia, Africa 4. In black pen, label the following: Arabia, Spain, Egypt, Persia, Syria, Asia Minor, Mediterranean Sea, Cyprus, Red Sea, Arabian Sea, Persian Gulf, Caspian Sea, Black Sea 5. In black pen, locate and label: Madina, Makkah, Baghdad, Damascus 6. In black pen, label the following: Tigris River, Euphrates River 7. In orange colored pencil, color the Islamic Empire in 632 8. In yellow colored pencil, color the Islamic Empire from 632 – 661 9. In green colored pencil, color the Islamic Empire from 661 – 750 10. Create a key in the bottom left hand corner 11. Extra Credit – In purple colored pencil, add in and color the boundaries of the Byzantine Empire 750.