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Mr. Judd
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Ch. 13 A World in Flames (Prelude to WWII) Study Guide
Worldwide economic hardships in the 1920’s and 30’s took a terrible toll.
After World War One, discontent among the poor and unemployed in Europe
allowed compelling rulers like Adolph Hitler and Benito Mussolini to gain
enormous power. These dictators promised their people better lives and that their
country would have more prominence on the world stage. All the citizens had to do
. . . was obey. Similarly, the nationalistic military leaders of Japan convinced their
citizens that Japan should expand her territories and ultimately, rule over the entire
Far East. The resulting war would not mean better lives for the people of Europe or
Asia.
Instead, millions were killed and injured in battle, while millions more perished
due to hunger, torture and racial and ethnic prejudice. Initially Americans were not
willing to get involved in the conflict overseas but ultimately, the United States
would have to play a deciding role in ending, World War Two.
PRE-TEST
Directions: Read the following statements and circle whether they are true or false.
1. After World War I, many countries had difficulty dealing with war debts, hunger,
and unemployment.
True False
2. Joseph Stalin came to power in Italy.
True False
3. Adolph Hitler became leader, or “Fuhrer,” of the Nazi party.
True False
4. The League of Nations did not stop Japan’s invasion of Manchuria.
True False
5. The Axis powers consisted of Great Britain and the United States.
True False
6. Germany honored the nonaggression pact it signed with the Soviet Union.
True False
7. The United States supported Germany during its “Blitzkrieg.”
True False
8. The German army invaded France and seized the capital city of Paris.
True False
9. The United States refused to send war supplies to Great Britain.
True False
10. Japan’s secret attack on Pearl Harbor caused the U. S. to enter World War II.
True False
Vocabulary Terms
totalitarianfascismNeutrality ActsisolationismappeasementMunich Pactnonaggression pactholocaustgenocideKristallnachtNuremberg Laws (pg. 543)concentration campsAxis PowersLend-Lease ActAllied Powers-
Dictators Threaten World Peace
Adolph Hitler
Benito Mussolini
Joseph Stalin
Hideki Tojo
Where did each
dictator gain
power? Which one
has the best
mustache?
What alliance did
each dictator join,
Axis or Allies?
What were the
titles of each
dictator? What did
they mean?
What style of
government did each
dictator preside
over? (communist,
expansionist, fascist,
democratic,
monarchy , etc.)
What acts of
aggression were
each dictator
responsible for?
Using the space below, define the word appeasement and provide an example of it.
“The Wave”
1. When and where did this experiment occur?
2. What was Mr. Ross’ motive for the experiment?
3. What were the effects on the class?
On Laurie?
On Robert?
On Mr. Ross?
4. State at least two reasons why Laurie was troubled by the experiment.
5. What were the three key words or concepts of the movement?
6. Who did Mr. Ross say is the actual leader of The Wave?
7. What does this experiment say about the causes of the Holocaust?
8. What does this film say about authority and power?
9. Was Mr. Ross right or wrong in manipulating his students as he did? Defend your
answer.
10. How can movements such as The Wave be defeated?
The Causes of World War II in Europe, 1935-39
In 1935, Hitler began to defy the Treaty of Versailles that had ended World War I. He announced that
Germany would build a new air force and begin a military draft that would greatly expand its army--actions in direct violation of the treaty. (Review Treaty of Versailles on Pgs. 343-44)
See map on Pg. 461 to complete questions 1-7
1. In March 1936, Germany sends troops into the Rhineland, defying the Treaty of Versailles.
Outline, label and shade the Rhineland area of Germany brown and the rest of Germany green.
Draw an arrow from Germany into the Rhineland and label the arrow with “1936”.
Note: In late 1937 Hitler called for the unification of all German-speaking people, including
those in Austria and Czechoslovakia. In February 1938, Hitler invades Austria. Label and shade
Austria purple. Draw and arrow from Germany into Austria and label the arrow with “1938”.
2. Hitler turned his attention next to the Sudetenland, a large German-speaking population on the
German-Czechoslovakia border. Outline and shade the Sudetenland area of Czechoslovakia
pink.
3. In March 1939, Hitler defies the Munich Agreement and (See Pg. 461) and invades
Czechoslovakia. Label and shade Czechoslovakia orange. Draw an arrow from Germany into
Czechoslovakia and label with “1939”.
4. A month after the Munich Conference, Hitler demands the return of the Polish city of Danzig to
Germany. Danzig was more than 90% German and had been a part of Poland since World War
I. Dot and label Danzig in blue.
5. In August 1939, Germany signs a non-aggression pact the Soviet Union. The treaty contained a
secret deal to divide Poland between Germany and the Soviet Union. Label and shade the
Soviet Union red.
6. On September 1, 1939, Germany invades Poland. Two days later, Britain and France declare war
on Germany. World War II has officially begun. Label and shade Poland yellow. Draw an arrow
from Germany into Poland and label the arrow with “1939”.
Japan Aggression 1931-1942
See maps on pgs. 456 and 513 to complete questions 1-6
1. In 1931, Japanese officers targeted resource- rich Manchuria (a province of China) as the
first goal in their drive to build an empire. Label and color Japan red. Label and color
Manchuria green.
2. In July 1937, Hideki Tojo, chief Japanese Warlord, launched an invasion into China. Outline
the extent of Japanese occupation in China with orange.
3. By 1941, Britain, France and the Netherlands (Dutch) were too busy fighting Hitler to defend
their colonies in Asia. In July, 1941, Japan pushed into French Indochina (now Vietnam,
Cambodia, and Laos). Label and color French Indochina in yellow.
4. On December 7, 1941, the Japanese attacked the American naval base at Pearl Harbor,
Hawaii. Label and circle Hawaii in purple.
5. In March 1942, Japan invaded the oil-rich Dutch East Indies. Label and color the islands of
the Dutch East Indies brown.
6. Show the extent of Japanese conquests in the Pacific by 1942 by outlining in blue.
Nuremburg Law
DIRECTIONS: The Third Reich established the Nuremberg Law for the Protection of
German Blood and German Honor on September 15, 1935. The following web site
contains the articles of the Nuremburg Law. After reviewing the web site, answer the
following questions.
Web site: http://www.ess.uwe.ac.uk/documents/gerblood.htm
1. What made the Germans create the Nuremburg Law?
2. How would your current family have been affected in 1935 by the
Nuremburg Law?
3. What part of the Nuremburg Law do you think would have been the most
difficult to live with?
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS
1. How did the terms of the Treaty of Versailles (following World War I) help
ignite World War II?
2. Describe some provisions of the Neutrality Acts established by the United
States from 1935-1937.
3. To the best of your ability, draw a picture that dramatizes Germany’s
blitzkrieg tactics.
4. What famous Winston Churchill quote is associated with the Battle of
Britain? What did he mean?
Holocaust Timeline
Directions: Insert the following events on the timeline and provide a brief description.






St. Louis Affair
Kristallnacht
Wannsee Conference
Hitler becomes Chancellor of Germany
Nuremberg Laws
Buchenwald is built
1942
1939
1938
1937
1935
1933
Post-Test
1. Which country used collectivization to forcibly take over private land to create
state controlled farms?
a. Japan
c. Soviet Union
b. Italy
d. Germany
2. Which of the following was not true of Italy during the development of WWII?
a. Mussolini established a Fascist Party
b. A totalitarian government was established
c. Italy attacked Ethiopia
d. The League of Nations issued sanctions which controlled Italy
3. Which of the following was not true of Germany during the rise of WWII?
a. Established the National Socialist German Worker’s Party
b. The strong economic state of Germany allowed the rise of the Nazis
c. Adolph Hitler established a totalitarian regime called the “Third Reich”
d. Those believed to be “sub-human” were sent to concentration camps
4. Which country quit the League of Nations after the League condemned it for its
military invasions on Manchuria?
a. Japan
c. Italy
b. Germany
d. all of the above
5. Which of the following countries did not belong to the Axis powers?
a. Japan
c. France
b. Italy
d. Germany
6. With which country did Germany sign a non-aggression pact?
a. Czechoslovakia
c. Soviet Union
b. Austria
d. all of the above
7. Why did the United States decide to stay isolated from foreign affairs?
a. Citizens felt they were dragged into World War I
b. Citizens felt they should concentrate on domestic problems
c. Congress passed neutrality acts preventing the U.S. from taking sides
d. All of the above are true
8. Which of the following allowed the United States to assist Britain in its fight with
Germany?
a. Good Neighbor Policy
b. Lend-Lease Program
c. Signing the Treaty of Versailles
d. None of the above, since the U.S. stayed in isolation
9. Which of the following created the tension that led to the attack on Pearl Harbor?
a. Japan’s continued aggression in Europe
b. The United States asked Japan to leave the Allied Powers
c. The United States asked Japan to withdraw from France
d. None of the above
10. Which of the following describes the attack on Pearl Harbor?
a. It occurred Sunday, December 7, 1941
b. It crippled the Pacific Fleet
c. Over 2,000 Americans were killed
d. All of the above