Download Теория Black gate (англ

Теория Black gate (англ.).
Black Gate Theory 黑金刚电解电容的原理
You may be especially interested to know how much difference in electrical
performancethere is between Black Gate capacitors andordinary capacitors at the same
voltage and capacity. A technical magazine in Japan conducted and reported an official test
of several 63V/ 2200µF electrolytic capacitors from various manufacturers. These were
purch--ased at random in Akihabara, Tokyo: the largest marketplace for retail ele--ctronics
in Japan. The major findingsfrom this test are shown in Figure 3 and 4. As the figures show
clearly, Black Gate capacitors were superior to all other capacitors with 1/2 to 1/10 the
impedance and the E.S.R. The report attracted lots of attention all over the world, and
surprised everyone.As shown in table 1. the Black Gate tested was rather small in size
compared with the other capacitors and it had the best tan of all the capacitors, while
exhibiting the smallest L. C. (leakage current). This means that Black Gates will have a
longer life in any comparable app--lication than any other electrolytic capacitor.
Furthermore, in the E.S.R. (equivalent seriesresistance) data in Figure 4, you can clearly
see the characteristics that make our Black Gates' performance standout from all the rest.
As you may be aware, E.S.R.can be expressed as: E.S.R. = impedance x tan
The E:S. R. value reveals the real strength or weakness capacitors. The reciprocal of this
value is "Q". When the value of "Q" increases, the resolution of proximate two signals
increases. Therefore, the amount of signal information that is accurately transmitted is also
increased. This aspect of Black Gate capacitor performance is superior in almost every
frequency range. At its best point, this value forBlack Gate capacitors is cut to 1/2 to 1/10
the levels of ordinary capacitors and provides an incredible, ideal curve Black Gate have
distinctive noise level advantages over dry-type capacitors
As described before, dry-typeelectrolytic capacitors perform an internal electron transfer.
However, due to their constructionlimitations, they are limited to low voltage ranges and
have no self--recovery function. Further, they aresignificantly more expensive than the wettype. We compared these dry-type electrolytic capacitors,ordinary wet-type electrolytic
capacitors, and super-small Black Gate capacitors from our "PK" series (designed to be
espe--cially compact). As figure 5 shows, the dry-type capacitors generated largecontact
noise (because of their con--struction method) that was more than 60 dB higher than the
Black Gates. And the dry-type capacitors didn't even offer better electron transfer. Instead,
they will actually decrease the S/N ratio to any appliance they are installed in.
Next, we compared ordinary wet-type capacitors and Black Gates, using identical materials
and production processes for everything except the se--parator. The results are shown in
Figure 6. The performance differences are obvious. In a CLT-1 distortion comparison, Black
Gate capacitors had 40 to 50 dB less harmonic distortion than ordinary wet-type capacitors.
This means that the ion transfer distortion normally found in the separator has been
eliminated in Black Gate capacitors.
As show in Fig. 7, the Black Gate does not show any deterioration in performanceat
temperatures as low as -40°C as compared with conventional ele--ctrolytic capacitors. This
benefits electronic equipment for use in low-temperature environments. It is known that
conventional elec--trolytic capacitors show substantial deterioration in performance due to
the freezing of an electrolyte.
Теория Black gate (англ.).
Black Gate Theory 黑金刚电解电容的原理
You may be especially interested to know how much difference in electrical
performancethere is between Black Gate capacitors andordinary capacitors at the same
voltage and capacity. A technical magazine in Japan conducted and reported an official test
of several 63V/ 2200µF electrolytic capacitors from various manufacturers. These were
purch--ased at random in Akihabara, Tokyo: the largest marketplace for retail ele--ctronics
in Japan. The major findingsfrom this test are shown in Figure 3 and 4. As the figures show
clearly, Black Gate capacitors were superior to all other capacitors with 1/2 to 1/10 the
impedance and the E.S.R. The report attracted lots of attention all over the world, and
surprised everyone.As shown in table 1. the Black Gate tested was rather small in size
compared with the other capacitors and it had the best tan of all the capacitors, while
exhibiting the smallest L. C. (leakage current). This means that Black Gates will have a
longer life in any comparable app--lication than any other electrolytic capacitor.
Furthermore, in the E.S.R. (equivalent seriesresistance) data in Figure 4, you can clearly
see the characteristics that make our Black Gates' performance standout from all the rest.
As you may be aware, E.S.R.can be expressed as: E.S.R. = impedance x tan
The E:S. R. value reveals the real strength or weakness capacitors. The reciprocal of this
value is "Q". When the value of "Q" increases, the resolution of proximate two signals
increases. Therefore, the amount of signal information that is accurately transmitted is also
increased. This aspect of Black Gate capacitor performance is superior in almost every
frequency range. At its best point, this value forBlack Gate capacitors is cut to 1/2 to 1/10
the levels of ordinary capacitors and provides an incredible, ideal curve Black Gate have
distinctive noise level advantages over dry-type capacitors
As described before, dry-typeelectrolytic capacitors perform an internal electron transfer.
However, due to their constructionlimitations, they are limited to low voltage ranges and
have no self--recovery function. Further, they aresignificantly more expensive than the wettype. We compared these dry-type electrolytic capacitors,ordinary wet-type electrolytic
capacitors, and super-small Black Gate capacitors from our "PK" series (designed to be
espe--cially compact). As figure 5 shows, the dry-type capacitors generated largecontact
noise (because of their con--struction method) that was more than 60 dB higher than the
Black Gates. And the dry-type capacitors didn't even offer better electron transfer. Instead,
they will actually decrease the S/N ratio to any appliance they are installed in.
Next, we compared ordinary wet-type capacitors and Black Gates, using identical materials
and production processes for everything except the se--parator. The results are shown in
Figure 6. The performance differences are obvious. In a CLT-1 distortion comparison, Black
Gate capacitors had 40 to 50 dB less harmonic distortion than ordinary wet-type capacitors.
This means that the ion transfer distortion normally found in the separator has been
eliminated in Black Gate capacitors.
As show in Fig. 7, the Black Gate does not show any deterioration in performanceat
temperatures as low as -40°C as compared with conventional ele--ctrolytic capacitors. This
benefits electronic equipment for use in low-temperature environments. It is known that
conventional elec--trolytic capacitors show substantial deterioration in performance due to
the freezing of an electrolyte.
Excellent discharge characteristics
As explained above, the Black Gate uses conductive graphite particles as a bypass for
electrons. This makes the product suitable for instantaneous charging and discharging of
large electronic energy as with strobe flash equipment. Generally, the luminous curve at the
tine of discharging depends on the capacitor's E.S.R. value. The smaller the E.S.R. value,
the higher the peak illu--minance level. The Black Gate is therefore very promising for use
as a Plasma discharging ca--pacitor as well. The use of a Black Gate capacitor in an inverter
for a fluorescent lamp can del--iver a substantially improved level of performance thanks to
its very high power transfer efficiency. It is possible to make a compact, lightweight, lowcost power supply unit using a Black Gate capacitor.
From audio frequency up to giga-hertz applications - Non-polarized Black Gates beat them
all.
Among the many accomplishments of the various Black Gate capacitor series, non-polarized
Black Gates deserve special mention. Ordinary non-polarized electrolytic capacitors are
made by facing oxide-coated positive electrodes toward each other so that the internal
electrical pot--ential changes to match every alternation of current direction. They cause
greater deterioration of both phase and distortion characteristics than ordinary capacitors
do. They are produced in small quantities and sometimes appliances containing these
capacitors are rejected. But, Black Gate BG-NX non-polarized capacitors, conductive
separator particles function as gateelectrodes in stabilizing the zero potential of alternating
current. Non-polarized Black Gate capacitors offer enhanced performance. They beat out
every other kind of capacitor. The fine graphite particles play an important role here, as
well. The BLACK carbon particles functioningas a GATE electrode is where the name "Black
Gate" comes from. In addition, the aluminum oxide as the dielectric has the same effective
quality as sapphires; the best capacitors on earth. The extremely thin, super-small
electrodes maximize the capacitance for a given area of aluminum oxide, and they work
without resonance at even giga-hertz frequencies. We achieved a super-small BG-NX Hi-Q
of 0.1µF for the first time ever in the world. They have an amazing one-thousandth of the
high frequency distortion of ceramic capacitors. When all is said and done, Black Gate
capacitors conquer the full range, from audio to giga-hertz frequencies. There are no better
capacitors.
With no internal resonance the Super E-Cap becomes the ideal capacitor
Our unlimited pursuit of the technology used in Black Gates finally led us to develop Lcancelingpairs of non-polarized Black Gates. We connected two identical non-polarized Black
Gates (BG-Ns or BG-NX's). Together they cancel the resonance generated by their internal
inductance. This method results in ideal capacitors whose impedance an E.S.R. values
decrease as the frequency increases. We named these capacitors "Super E-Caps". This
system completely eliminated the internal resonance of the capacitors. As a result, we were
the first to be able to completely eliminate ripple and EMI noise in DC/DC converters and
switching power su--pplies. This problem had Plagued electronic appliance designers, but we
solved it. Details of this system are described in the catalog for Super E-Caps and in our
Technical Reports, No. 71 and 85. We suggest you read these reports for more information.
(Recently granted patent No. 2,606,771,U.S.P.5,379,181).
The Black Gate WK, WKZ was created by expanding the ability of our non-polarized
capacitors to the maximum
In polarized electrolytic capacitors, there exist no capacitor action from cathode to anode
electrodes. This is the reverse current. More precisely, not , only a positive direction current
but also a negative direction current forming a part of an alternate current flow in the
capacitor which cause distortions and noises. In a larger scale, the flows generate a gas by
heating the electrolyte which is a cause of short life.
Particularly, smoothing capacitors in a rectifier which is connected to a power supply directly
or through a transformer are a subject to reverse pulses from the rectifier. They are
constantly the subject to high intensity reverse pulses when they are used in a primary
smoothing circuit for a switching power supply. These capacitors are also causes of
generation of EMI noises and heat. WK and WKZ have a remarkable structure which enables
a complete non-polarized capacitor suppressing all the reverse pulses by applying a oxide
film having a large resisting voltage exceeding by 1/2 of the operation voltage to the
cathode electrode. All the problems above have been, th, us, resolved and extremely low
noise, high power and long life have been attained. Thisis a result of realizing the features
of the Black Gate at their maximum level which no other type of capacitors can not realize.
See Technical Reports No. 89 and 90.
Recently, it has become a realproblem that electromagnetic waves emitted from inside of
electronic devices give a harm to a human body or high grademedical appliances. Harmonic
noise having a wide frequency range generated by a power supplies or circuits of cell
phones, digital cameras or personal computers are real problems which give anxiety to
users of such devices. There is a moveto restrict the problem by contacting atreaty on a
world wide base.The harmonic noises are generated by electrolytedue toits non-linear
characteristics used for a pulse transmission circuit when a pulse signal passes through
capacitors. Particularly, a larger amount of harmful electromagnetic waves are generated
from capacitors used for switching power supplies or DC/DC converters.Since the
electromagnetic waves are generated from capacitors used for eliminating the noises due to
their fun--ctional incompleteness, there is no ways other than replacing the ideal capacitors
that do not generate noises.
Fig. 8, A and B are comparison curves showing non-linear distortion characte--ristics,
impedances and E.S.R. char--acteristics of electrolytic capacitors widely used in smoothing
circuits, of power supplies in ordinary personal computers, etc. and Black Gate N series.
These curves clearly show that the source of the electromagnetic waves is the electrolytic
capacitors.
In Fig. 8, A, the difference between ordinary electrolytic capacitors and Black Gates reaches
50 dB and the difference of E.S.R. value is 10 times in Fig. 8, B. These figures show that
total difference is amount to a big value of 60 dB. In other words, it is understood that
ordinary used electrolytic capacitors generate harmful electromagnetic waves of 1000 times
larger than the waves generated by Black Gates. With the ordinary electrolytic capacitors,
improvement of only 6 dB or 10 dB in suppressing the harmful electroma-gnetic. waves can
be obtained by taking some measures which are far away from 60 dB. The fact is proved
that only Black Gates can reduce the level of harmful electromagnetic waves to -160 dB for
the first time which level is below natural noise level (-120 dB). Black Gates also can be said
to be the sole elements that suppress the harmful electromagnetic waves. See Technical
Report No. 111.
If Olympic game for capacitors is held, Black Gate will win a championship in decathlon
without fail
Black Gate capacitors, we applied almost all of the path as electron transfer channels. As
described in the earlier paragraph concerning impedance, Black Gate capacitors offer better
characteristics than ordinary capacitors with five times the capacitance. In addition, they
crate only 1/1000 (-60 dB) the internal distortion, offer 100 times faster internal signal
transfer rates, and have 2 to 3 times the power transfer efficiency of ordinary capacitors.
These performance levels are previously unprecedented. They are beyond the
comprehension of people who cling to old, wrong ideas about electrolytic capacitors. But,
these performance levels have been independently verified. They are FACTS! When you use
Black Gate capacitors throughout your appliance design, you will get surprising results. Our
Technical Reports are useful guides for your application of Black Gate capacitors in
designing appliances. Jelmax´s decade-long accumulation of valuable knowledge has been
published in first class technical magazines and in over a hundred Technical Reports. These
reports have been very well received and are considered trustworthy in the information they
present. The contents of many of these reports have been used as topics for in-house
education programs and as texts used by technicians and educators, because they contain
valuable information not available in books or schools. Some of these reports have been
translated into English and have been well received around the world. Copies of these
reports are available upon request. Black Gates have already been adopted for use in
appliances manufactured by dozens of firstname electric appliance manufacturers both in
and outside of Japan. They have contributed to tremendous increases in the performance of
these appliances. Black Gate capacitors are welcomed as one of the biggest electronic parts
innovations in the 20th century. The applications are limitless in all sorts of electronic
devices and equipment, such as radios, TV sets, cameras, VTR's, tape recorders, stereos,
audio appliances, CD players, digital processors, communications equipment, medical
instruments such as , MRI/CT/DSA/US, electron microscopes, AD/DA converters, AC/DC
power supplies, DC/DC power supplies, works stations, fax machines, high resolution
copying machines, printing machines, laser instruments, NC tools, etc. Black Gate
capacitors are now recognized all over the world as indispensable components in decreasing
the noise found in high resolution portable equipment for multi-media use. The spreading
use of Black Gate capacitors is guaranteed since it would be impossible to develop
capacitors superior to Black Gates. The primary technology used in Black Gates is described
in Reports No's. 50, 51, and 52. We strongly recommend that you read these reports.
Improving the target S/N ratio of appliances and reducing component distortion
As explained above in detail, distortion noises due to ions which are to exist essentially
disappeared from the inside of the Black Gate because the Transcendence Electro Transfer
took place based on the surprising tunnel effect inside the electrolytic capacitor of ion
transfer. This is a big news which has never heard before. As a result that the largest noise
source in electronic circuits has disappeared, the target S/N (Signal to Noise Ratio) of all the
appliances has been improved at a degree which has never been experienced before with a
rapid decrease in circuit noise level. We replaced all the , capacitors with non-polarized
Black Gates of the set in CLT-1, a distortion measuring device having the highest sensitivity.
Then measured the distortion of itself. Remarkably, the result showed that improvement
with more than 20 dB was realized. Consequently the limitation of the measuring value
reaches - 180 dB. This is an evidence that S/N of all the electronic devices are also
improved by more than 20 dB.
For more details, see the Technical Report No. 110.
The Idling Process
If a Black Gate capacitor mounted on an electronic device is actuated, a signal current flows
into it and the electrodes are gradually activated, reducing non-linear distortion and phase
distortion substantially while improving the efficiency of power transfer efficiency. The time
required for this process va, ries widely with the capacity, voltage and signal level. A total of
about 30 hours is the standard level. Once this process of idling is completed, the effect
continues as long as the capacitor is kept at the same place and the operating environment
does not undergo a substantial change. The effect of idling has been proved with all types of
electronic equipment-analog, digital, high-frequency and other devices. It must be noted
that idling is different from aging, which applies a direct current voltage without giving
signals.
Владельцы фирмы не удосужились передать свой богатый опыт и состарились. Дедушке,
который руководил производством 83 года, а второму, который продавал 75 лет.
Технологию производства они напрочь отказались кому либо передать или продать.
Некоторые фирмы уже скупили имеющиеся запасы этих конденсаторов, чтобы в
последствии установить на них более высокие цены. Для многих они останутся
несбыточной мечтой. "