Download module 39

Module 39: Beyond the Major
Disorders
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Mood Disorders
MODULE 39
Disturbances in emotional feelings strong
enough to intrude on everyday life

Major depression is a severe form of
depression that may last months or years
in which the person experiences
characteristic symptoms
•
•
•
•
•
Worthless feelings
Loneliness
Crying
Sleep disturbance
Suicide
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Mood Disorders
MODULE 39

Bipolar disorder
Condition in which a person
sequentially experiences periods of
mania and depression
– Mania
Extended state of intense, wild
elation
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MODULE 39

Causes of Mood
Disorders
Psychoanalytic
– Feelings of loss
– Anger turned inward
Heredity
 Learned helplessness
 Evolutionary theory

– Depression is an adaptive
response to goals that are
unattainable
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MODULE 39

Schizophrenia
Class of disorders in which severe
distortion of reality occurs
– Decline from a previous level of
functioning
– Disturbances of thought and language
– Delusions
– Perceptual disorders
– Emotional disturbances
– Withdrawal
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MODULE 39

Schizophrenia
Process schizophrenia
– Symptoms develop relatively early
in life, slowly and subtly

Reactive schizophrenia
– Onset of symptoms is sudden and
conspicuous
Positive-symptom schizophrenia
 Negative-symptom
schizophrenia

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Schizophrenia:
Causes
MODULE 39

Biological

– Heredity
– Dopamine hypothesis
• Schizophrenia occurs
when there is excess
activity in those areas
of the brain that use
dopamine as a

neurotransmitter
Environmental
perspectives
– Expressed emotion
• Interaction style characterized
by criticism, hostility, and
emotional intrusiveness by
family members
Cognitive perspective
– Overattention
– Underattention
Copyright © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Schizophrenia
MODULE 39
Copyright © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Personality Disorders
MODULE 39
Disorders characterized
by inflexible,
maladaptive
personality traits that
do not permit the
person to function
appropriately as
members of society

Narcissistic personality disorder
– Exaggerated sense of self-importance

Antisocial personality disorder
(sociopath)
– Characterized by no regard for the moral
and ethical rules of society or the rights
of others
Borderline personality disorder
– Characterized by their difficulty in
developing a secure sense of who they
are

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MODULE 39
Attention Deficit
Hyperactivity
Disorder (ADHD)
ADHD is a disorder
marked by inattention,
impulsiveness, a low
tolerance for
frustration, and
generally a great deal
of inappropriate
activity
Copyright © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.