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#1 – PHON SOUND GREEK microphone – instrument that records or transmits small sounds symphony – sounds that go together megaphone – instrument to make sound larger euphony – a pleasing or sweet sound; pronunciation that is pleasing to the ear cacophony – a combination of unpleasant sounds homophone – word that sounds the same as another (ex: to, two, too) phoneme – a small unit of sound (ex: “th”) #2 - SON SOUND LATIN sound – vibrations perceived by our ears sonnet – a form of poetry with rhyming sounds sonar – instrument that uses sound to navigate underwater sonata – instrumental musical composition that is played rather than sung consonant – speech sounds made with lips, tongue, and teeth sonorous – rich and full in sound sonic – relating to sound #3 – GRAPH/GRAM WRITE OR DRAW GREEK calligraphy – beautiful handwriting phonograph – machine for “writing” sound in the air graph – a picture of information autograph – self-written name (signature) graphite – black carbon used to write or draw lithograph – drawing made on stone hologram – 3D picture of a whole object #4 - SCRIPT/SCRIB WRITE LATIN scribe – one who writes transcribe – to copy speech over into writing script – something written; written dialog of a play prescription – written order given before treatment describe – to write down; to give an account in words inscription – a short, signed message (as in a book) scribble – to write hastily; to cover with quick drawings #5 - VERB WORD LATIN verbal – relating to words reverb – to echo (as in words that echo) nonverbal – not involving words proverb – a wise saying verbose – wordy; full of words verbatim – word-for-word copy or record verbalize – to express in words #6 – LOG THOUGHT, WORD, OR SPEECH GREEK logic – reasoning to gain knowledge chronology – arrangement of events in time cosmology – the study of the universe technology – the study of how to improve a skill theology – the study of religion dialogue – conversation between two or more people; lines spoken by characters monologue – a long speech by one person #7 - DICT SPEAK LATIN dictator – one who speaks with absolute authority contradict – to be contrary to or oppose in words dictionary – book containing the words of a language predict – to tell beforehand indict - to publicly announce; to charge with a crime vindictive – characterized by revenge; uses negative words to hurt others verdict – opinion, judgment, or answer given by a jury or judge #8 – NOMIN NAME LATIN nominate – to suggest someone’s name for an office pseudonym – false name astronomer – one who names the stars anonymous – no name renowned – widely known or famous denomination – names of classes or categories (ex: religion, money, etc.) misnomer – a wrong or unsuitable name #9 - SPECT WATCH, LOOK LATIN inspect – to look upon something closely introspective – looking within oneself speculate – to consider a subject from different viewpoints and make an inference perspective - the effect of distance upon the appearance of objects; viewpoint spectator – one who watches specter - something preternaturally (unexplainably) visible; ghost or apparition suspect – inspiring distrust; one who is the object of distrust #10 – SKOP GREEK LOOK, EXAMINE, VIEW, OBSERVE scope – all the eyes can see microscope – instrument to see small objects gyroscope – a rotating wheel mounted in a ring to make visible the earth’s rotation periscope – instrument to see 360 degrees around bishop – a church overseer kaleidoscope – instrument to see beautiful forms of reflected bits of glass horoscope – the prediction (seeing) of future events based on astrological signs #11 – BIO LIFE GREEK biology – the study of life biography – written account of someone’s life autobiography – a self-written account of someone’s life microbe – a small organism (form of life) antibiotic – medicine to inhibit or destroy life of bacteria amphibian – animal that lives on land and in water symbiosis – a relationship of mutual benefit or dependence by two unrelated species #12 - MORT DEATH LATIN mortal – related to death; able to die mortality – the condition of being alive immortal – not able to die; living forever mortify – to cause to feel shame and humiliation mortuary – place where dead bodies are prepared for burial postmortem – done after death; analysis or discussion done after an event moribund – having lost all sense of purpose or vitality; becoming obsolescent #13 – METER MEASURE GREEK meter – a measurement unit metric – a system of measurement kilometer – a linear measurement of 1,000 meters thermometer – an instrument to measure temperature telemetry – the act of measuring distant objects barometer – an instrument to measure atmospheric pressure diameter –the measure across a circle #14 – TELE FAR GREEK television – sees distant broadcasts telephone – hears distant sounds telegraph – receives writing from far away telescope – instrument to see distant objects telecommute – to work from home with an electronic link to the workplace telepathy – ability to know how someone far away is feeling teleport - to transport a person or object across a distance instantaneously #15 – MICR SMALL GREEK microcosm – a small world microscope – instrument to look at tiny objects microwave – tiny electromagnetic wave used to heat food microfilm – tiny film to store printed material (filmen = thin skin) microclimate – the climate of a small, specific place microchip – a small electronic component micromanage – to control all the small details in a meddlesome manner #16 - MACRO LONG GREEK macrocosm – a large world or universe macrobiotics – the science of prolonging life macronutrient – a chemical element required in large proportion for health (ex: oxygen) macrochemistry – chemistry that doesn’t require a microscope macrobiote – one that lives a long time macromania – a delusion that parts of the body are bigger than they really are macrometer – instrument to measure size and distance #17 – MEG GREAT, LARGE GREEK mega – metric system term for million megadont – having large teeth megalith – large prehistoric stone monument megawatt – a unit of power equal to one million watts megalopolis – a very large city megalomania – a mental illness defined by fantasies of great wealth and power megabyte - unit of computer memory (one million bytes) #18 – MAGN GREAT , LARGE LATIN magnify – to make larger; to intensify magnitude – physical greatness (as in earthquakes) magnate – a person of large wealth magnificent – splendor; richness, greatness magnanimous – great-hearted; generous magnanimity – the quality of generosity or kindness magnum – a large bottle #19 - AUTO SELF GREEK automatic – having the ability to start, move, etc. by itself (independently or involuntarily) automobile – a self-moving vehicle autobiography – a self-written life story autopilot – system to guide a vehicle without assistance autopsy – self-observation of the causes of another person’s death autocrat – one person who holds all power for himself autonomy – self-contained; no outside control #20 - HOM SAME GREEK homonym – same name or word (same spelling and pronunciation) ex: left homograph – same writing/spelling, ex: live homophone – same sound (pronunciation) ex: sea/see homicide – the killing of one of the same species (man) hominid – any in the family of two-legged primates, living or extinct homogeneous – of the same kind of nature, structure, quality, etc. homogenize – to make uniform in texture, mixture, or quality (as in milk) #21 – GEO EARTH GREEK geography – to draw and write about the earth geology – the study of the earth geometry – ways to measure the earth geocentric – measured from the center of the earth geode – a cavity lined with minerals or crystals in the center of a rock geomorphic – relating to the form of the earth geodynamics – the forces and processes within the earth #22 – TERR LAND LATIN terrestrial – relating to land extraterrestrial – outside the earth’s atmosphere (extra = outside or beyond) terrace – a raised platform of earth territory – land under someone’s control terra cotta – “cooked earth” is a type of fired clay pottery Mediterranean Sea – literally, “the sea in the middle of the land” subterranean – under the earth or land #23 – CHRON TIME GREEK Chronos – the ancient Greek god of time synchronize – to occur at the same time (verb) synchronous – existing or occurring at the same time (adj.) chronometer – an instrument to precisely measure time chronology – the relating of events in time sequence chronic – over a period of time; habitual chronicle – a record of events in order of time #24 – TEMPOR TIME LATIN temporary – for a limited time contemporary – with the times; modern tempo – time in music; the rate of speed at which music moves tense (from the French “temps”) – verb forms which indicate past, present, and future extemporaneous – improvised due to lack of time pro tem – for the time being; for now temporal – limited by time; earthly life #25 – AQU WATER LATIN aquatic – living or growing in water aquifer – a layer under earth where water flows aqueduct – a pipe or channel that brings water aquarium – a tank of water to hold marine creatures aquamarine – the blue-green color of water semiaquatic – spending some time in water aqueous – made from water #26 – HYDR WATER GREEK hydrology – the study of water hydrant – an upright pipe to draw water for firefighting dehydrate – to remove water hydroplane – to skim the surface of the water hydraulics – the use of water in driving machinery hydrothermal – relating to hot water (as in a hot spring) hydrosphere – the water vapor in the atmosphere #27 – PHOT/PHOS LIGHT GREEK photograph – picture drawn by light telephoto – light from far away photometer – device that measures light phototropic – turning towards the light photophilia – love of light photophobia – fear or dislike of light photosynthesis – process of putting things together by using light (syn – together, thesis – to put) #28 – THERM HEAT, WARM GREEK thermal – relating to heat thermometer – instrument to measure heat endothermic – relates to process that absorbs heat (in) exothermic – relates to process that releases heat (out) thermostat – instrument to regulate heat hyperthermia – condition in which body temperature is above normal temperature hypothermia – condition in which body heat is below normal temperature #29 - SOL SUN OR COMFORT LATIN solar – relating to the sun solar system – a star (sun) with the objects that revolve around it solar energy – energy derived from the sun in the form of solar radiation solar flare – a sudden, temporary outburst of energy from the sun solarium – a place for the sun; sunroom parasol – umbrella used to protect from sun solstice – two times of the year when the sun is at greatest distance from Equator (the “standing still” of the sun) #30 - LUN MOON LATIN Luna – the ancient Roman goddess personifying the moon lunar – relating to the moon lunar eclipse – when the moon is behind the earth’s shadow lunacy – insanity, supposedly influenced by the moon lunatic – one who suffers from lunacy; an insane person lunate – shaped like a crescent interlunar – the time between old and new moon when moon cannot be seen #31 - ASTR STAR GREEK aster – a star-shaped flower astronomer – one who names the stars asteroid – in the form of a star; small body that revolves around the sun astral – relating to the stars astronaut – “star sailor”; one who travels beyond the earth’s atmosphere disaster – separation from the good influences of the stars catastrophe - an event of great calamity or misfortune #32 - STELL STAR LATIN stellar – relating to the stars; exceptional (as in a performance) interstellar – between the stars circumstellar – revolving around a star stelliform – star-shaped constellation – a group of stars stellate – resembling a star #33 – MANU HAND LATIN manual – done with one’s hands manuscript – document written by hand manifest – seen at hand; obvious manacles - handcuffs manipulate – to move with one’s hands manicure – care for the hands manufacture – to make by hand #34 – PED FOOT LATIN pedal – a foot lever pedestrian – one who walks (on feet) pedestal – a footed column peddle – to sell things by walking around pedometer – instrument to measure the distance walked pedicure – care for the feet quadruped – a four-footed being #35 – PORT CARRY OR GATE LATIN report – to carry back (and tell) transport – to carry across portage – to carry watercraft over land to avoid river obstacles portable – able to be carried portal – an entrance to carry things through import – to carry in portfolio – a flat case in which to carry things #36 - MITT SEND LATIN admit – to allow to enter; to agree as true emit – to send out submit – to present to others, obey, or suggest commit - to do or perform; to promise; to put into charge permit – to allow to do something remit – to send money transmit – to send across a distance #37 – TRACT DRAW, PULL LATIN distract – to draw apart contract – to draw together subtract – to draw away underneath attract – to draw towards retract – to draw back tractor – that which drags or pulls traction – pulling or drawing (as in gripping) #38 - PELL/PULSE DRIVE LATIN compel – to drive someone into action dispel – to drive away; to force from mind repel – to drive back; to force or keep away pulse – a rhythmical or driving beat or vibration propel – to force to move forward impulse – sudden urge that drives someone into action repulsive – disgusting; tends to drive off #39 – RUPT BREAK LATIN disrupt – to break apart abrupt – quickly broken off rupture – a break in something erupt – to break out interrupt – to break between corrupt – dishonest; lacking in integrity, made to be inferior (to break into pieces) bankrupt – “broke” (slang); lacking in money or other quality #40 - FLECT/FLEX BEND LATIN flex – to bend flexible – capable of being bent reflect – to bend back reflex – automatic or instinctive reaction deflect - to turn down or aside inflection – the “bending” of voice; the change in tone or modulation flexor – a muscle that bends a joint when it contracts #41 – PAN ALL GREEK Pan - god of fields, forests, and flocks in Greek mythology panorama – complete view of whole area panacea – universal cure for all illness pantomime – to act using your whole body pantheism – belief that nature and god are the same entity; belief in all gods Pantheon – temple dedicated to all gods and goddesses (built in Ancient Rome) pandemonium – wild disorder (the place of all demons) #42 - HOL WHOLE GREEK holism - natural systems should be viewed as wholes, not as collection of parts holistic – adjective version of above whole – containing the full amount; undamaged holy – worthy of complete devotion; having a divine quality hologram – whole 3-D image holocaust – complete destruction by fire #43 – CRED BELIEF, TRUST LATIN credible - believable incredible – not believable creed – a set of principles or beliefs discredit – to make not worthy of belief credit – belief in the truth of something; belief that an amount will be repaid (as in money) incredulous – unwilling to believe; characterized by disbelief sacred – related to the belief in the holiness of something #44 - PATH FEEL, HURT, DISEASE GREEK sympathy – the feeling of being supportive empathy – ability to understand how others feel pathology – medical science that studies causes and effects of diseases pathetic – deserving of the feeling of pity pathogen – an organism (bacteria or virus) that causes disease sociopath – person with a personality disorder who has no regard for others’ feelings apathy – lack of interest or effort in an activity #45 - PSYCH MIND GREEK Psyche – daughter of Eros (Cupid); the personification of the soul in Greek myth psychology – study of mental functions and behaviors (PhD – behavior therapy) psychiatry – branch of medicine for mental or behavior disorders (MD – medicine) psychosis – derangement of the mind psychoanalysis – mental therapy (Freud) psychosomatic – related to bodily illness caused by mental disturbance psychic – relating to the mind; sensitive to some apparently nonphysical force